Classification Term: 169392
Alpha-hydrogen aldehydes (ontology term: db973e71aa1bd8584ac3fcf84265bc29)
found 22 associated metabolites at sub_class metabolite taxonomy ontology rank level.
Ancestor: Carbonyl compounds
Child Taxonomies: There is no child term of current ontology term.
Butanal
Butanal, also known as butyral or butyl aldehyde, belongs to the class of organic compounds known as alpha-hydrogen aldehydes. These are aldehydes with the general formula HC(H)(R)C(=O)H, where R is an organyl group. It is miscible with most organic solvents. Butanal exists in all living organisms, ranging from bacteria to humans. Upon prolonged exposure to air, butyraldehyde oxidizes to form butyric acid. Butanal is an apple, bready, and chocolate tasting compound. Outside of the human body, Butanal is found, on average, in the highest concentration within cow milk and carrots. Butanal has also been detected, but not quantified in several different foods, such as hard wheats, borages, ostrich ferns, skunk currants, and fennels. This could make butanal a potential biomarker for the consumption of these foods. The dominant technology involves the use of rhodium catalysts derived from the water-soluble ligand Tppts. Butyraldehyde is produced almost exclusively by the hydroformylation of propylene:CH3CHCH2 + H2 + CO → CH3CH2CH2CHO. Traditionally, hydroformylation was catalyzed by cobalt carbonyl and later rhodium complexes of triphenylphosphine. At one time, it was produced industrially by the catalytic hydrogenation of crotonaldehyde, which is derived from acetaldehyde. Butyraldehyde can be produced by the catalytic dehydrogenation of n-butanol. This compound is the aldehyde derivative of butane. An aqueous solution of the rhodium catalyst converts the propylene to the aldehyde, which forms a lighter immiscible phase. About 6 billion kilograms are produced annually by hydroformylation. It is a colourless flammable liquid with an unpleasant smell. Occurs in essential oils, e.g. lavender, hopand is also present in apple, banana, blackberry, hog plum, wheat bread, malt whiskey, red or white wine, tea, toasted oat flakes and other foodstuffs. Flavouring agent
Propanal
Propanal, also known as N-propionaldehyde or C2H5CHO, belongs to the class of organic compounds known as alpha-hydrogen aldehydes. These are aldehydes with the general formula HC(H)(R)C(=O)H, where R is an organyl group. Propanal exists in all living species, ranging from bacteria to humans. Propanal is an alcohol, cocoa, and earthy tasting compound. Outside of the human body, Propanal is found, on average, in the highest concentration within wild celeries and carrots. Propanal has also been detected, but not quantified in several different foods, such as purple lavers, black salsifies, strawberry guava, grapefruit/pummelo hybrids, and alaska wild rhubarbs. It is an aldehyde that consists of ethane bearing a formyl substituent. Isolated from various plant sources, e.g. hops, banana, sweet or sour cherry, blackcurrants, melon, pineapple, bread, chesses, coffee, cooked rice and strawberry or apple aroma. Flavouring agent
4-Aminobutyraldehyde
4-Aminobutyraldehyde is a metabolite of putrescine. It is a substrate of human liver aldehyde dehydrogenase (EC 1.2.1.3) cytoplasmic (E1) and mitochondrial (E2) isozymes (PMID 3324802). [HMDB]. 4-Aminobutyraldehyde is found in many foods, some of which are naranjilla, rambutan, oval-leaf huckleberry, and pepper (capsicum). 4-Aminobutyraldehyde is a metabolite of putrescine. It is a substrate of human liver aldehyde dehydrogenase (EC 1.2.1.3) cytoplasmic (E1) and mitochondrial (E2) isozymes (PMID 3324802).
3-Hydroxypropanal
3-Hydroxypropanal is a broad-spectrum antimicrobial substance termed reuterin produced by Lactobacillus reuteri. L. reuteri resides in the gastrointestinal tract of healthy humans and animals, and is believed to. function as a symbiont in the enteric ecosystem. Synthesis of such an antimicrobial substance by an enteric resident raises a number of interesting questions and possibilities as to the role these residents may play in the health of the host. (PMID 3245697). In vivo, glycerol is converted in one enzymatic step into 3-Hydroxypropanal. The 3-Hydroxypropanal -producing Lactobacillus reuteri is used as a probiotic in the health care of humans and animals. 3-Hydroxypropanal forms, together with Hydroxypropanal-hydrate and Hydroxypropanal-dimer, a dynamic, multi-component system (Hydroxypropanal system) used in food preservation, as a precursor for many modern chemicals such as acrolein, acrylic acid, and 1,3-propanediol (1,3-PDO), and for polymer production. 3-Hydroxypropanal can be obtained both through traditional chemistry and bacterial fermentation. To date, 3-HPA has been produced from petrochemical resources as an intermediate in 1,3-PDO production. The biotechnological production of 3-Hydroxypropanal from renewable resources is desirable both for use of 3-Hydroxypropanal in foods and for the production of bulk chemicals. The main challenge will be the efficient production and recovery of pure 3-Hydroxypropanal. (PMID 14669058). 3-Hydroxypropanal is a broad-spectrum antimicrobial substance termed reuterin produced by Lactobacillus reuteri. L. reuteri resides in the gastrointestinal tract of healthy humans and animals, and is believed to Reuterin is a broad-spectrum antimicrobial agent active against Gram positive and Gram negative bacteria, as well as yeasts, moulds and protozoa. Reuterin is produced by specific strains of Lactobacillus reuteri during anaerobic metabolism of glycerol. Reuterin also demonstrates potent antimicrobial activity against a broad panel of human and poultry meat campylobacter spp. Isolates[1][2].
3-Aminopropionaldehyde
3-aminopropionaldehyde is a member of the class of compounds known as alpha-hydrogen aldehydes. Alpha-hydrogen aldehydes are aldehydes with the general formula HC(H)(R)C(=O)H, where R is an organyl group. 3-aminopropionaldehyde is soluble (in water) and a very weakly acidic compound (based on its pKa). 3-aminopropionaldehyde can be found in a number of food items such as lemon, natal plum, common wheat, and leek, which makes 3-aminopropionaldehyde a potential biomarker for the consumption of these food products. 3-aminopropionaldehyde exists in all living organisms, ranging from bacteria to humans. In humans, 3-aminopropionaldehyde is involved in the beta-alanine metabolism. 3-aminopropionaldehyde is also involved in few metabolic disorders, which include carnosinuria, carnosinemia, gaba-transaminase deficiency, and ureidopropionase deficiency. 3-Aminopropanal is a reactive aldehyde that mediates progressive neuronal necrosis and glial apoptosis. (PMID 11943872). Increased activity of polyamine oxidase catabolizes polyamines (such as spermine, spermidine and putrescine) to produce 3-aminopropanal. (PMID 15246852).
5-Aminopentanal
The aminoaldehydes 5-aminopentanal, derived from the oxidation of the diamines putrescine and cadaverine,is produced utilizing a copper amine oxidase (CAO) from Euphorbia characias latex and tested with in vitro cultivation of Leishmania infantum promastigotes.Whereas the aminoaldehydes derived from the oxidation of the diamines were stimulating factors for growth of Leishmania infantum promastigotes, the aldehydes derived from polyamines oxidation had a drastic inhibitory effect on the vitality and growth of these parasites. Thus, a double scenario arises, showing the use of aldehydes from diamines to obtain a large number of organisms of Leishmania infantum promastigotes to use in serological studies, whereas the aldehydes derived from polyamines could be used as a new strategy for therapeutic treatment against these parasites. [HMDB]. 5-Aminopentanal is found in many foods, some of which are watermelon, sorrel, medlar, and cornmint. The aminoaldehydes 5-aminopentanal, derived from the oxidation of the diamines putrescine and cadaverine,is produced utilizing a copper amine oxidase (CAO) from Euphorbia characias latex and tested with in vitro cultivation of Leishmania infantum promastigotes.Whereas the aminoaldehydes derived from the oxidation of the diamines were stimulating factors for growth of Leishmania infantum promastigotes, the aldehydes derived from polyamines oxidation had a drastic inhibitory effect on the vitality and growth of these parasites. Thus, a double scenario arises, showing the use of aldehydes from diamines to obtain a large number of organisms of Leishmania infantum promastigotes to use in serological studies, whereas the aldehydes derived from polyamines could be used as a new strategy for therapeutic treatment against these parasites.
Glutaral
Glutaral is used as an antimicrobial agent in sugar mills and as a fixing agent in the immobilisation of glucose isomerase enzyme preparations for use in the manufacture of high fructose corn syrup. It is a polymerized isomer of glutaraldehyde known as polycycloglutaracetal used as a fertilizer for aquatic plants. It is claimed that it provides a bioavailable source of carbon for higher plants that is not available to algae. Though not marketed as such due to federal regulations, the biocidal effect of glutaraldehyde kills most algae at concentrations of 0.5 - 5.0 ppm. These levels are not harmful to most aquatic fauna and flora. Adverse reactions have been observed by some aquarists at these concentrations in some aquatic mosses, liverworts, and vascular plants. Glutaraldehyde is a colorless liquid with a pungent odor used to disinfect medical and dental equipment. It is also used for industrial water treatment and as a chemical preservative. Glutaraldehyde is an oily liquid at room temperature (density 1.06 g/mL), and miscible with water, alcohol, and benzene. It is used as a tissue fixative in electron microscopy. It is also employed as an embalming fluid, is a component of leather tanning solutions, and occurs as an intermediate in the production of certain industrial chemicals. Glutaraldehyde is frequently used in biochemistry applications as an amine-reactive homobifunctional crosslinker. The oligomeric state of proteins can be examined through this application. However, it is toxic, causing severe eye, nose, throat and lung irritation, along with headaches, drowsiness and dizziness. It is a main source of occupational asthma among health care providers D019995 - Laboratory Chemicals > D007202 - Indicators and Reagents > D003432 - Cross-Linking Reagents D000890 - Anti-Infective Agents D004202 - Disinfectants D005404 - Fixatives Same as: D01120
Acetamidopropanal
Acetamidopropanal is associated with urea cycle and metabolism of arginine, proline, glutamate, aspartate and asparagine. Induction of SSAT typically gives rise to growth inhibition or apoptosis, depending upon the cell type and the extent of enzyme overexpression. In such experiments, growth inhibition has been closely linked to depletion of intracellular polyamine pools ( 12) and disturbances in polyamine metabolism ( 13), whereas apoptosis has been associated with downstream events emanating from polyamine oxidase-mediated oxidation of acetylated polyamines and the associated release of oxidatively reactive by-products such as hydrogen peroxide and the aldehyde, 3-acetamidopropanal. Acetamidopropanal, also known as N-(3-oxopropyl)acetamide or 3aap, is a member of the class of compounds known as alpha-hydrogen aldehydes. Alpha-hydrogen aldehydes are aldehydes with the general formula HC(H)(R)C(=O)H, where R is an organyl group. Acetamidopropanal is soluble (in water) and a very weakly acidic compound (based on its pKa). Acetamidopropanal can be found in a number of food items such as passion fruit, cloves, irish moss, and calabash, which makes acetamidopropanal a potential biomarker for the consumption of these food products. Acetamidopropanal exists in all living organisms, ranging from bacteria to humans.
3-(Methylthio)propanal
3-(Methylthio)propanal, also known as 3-methylsulfanylpropanal or 4-thiapentanal, belongs to the class of organic compounds known as alpha-hydrogen aldehydes. These are aldehydes with the general formula HC(H)(R)C(=O)H, where R is an organyl group. 3-(Methylthio)propanal is a beef, cooked potato, and creamy tasting compound. 3-(Methylthio)propanal has been detected, but not quantified, in several different foods, such as anises, sparkleberries, oats, passion fruits, and hard wheats. 3-(Methylthio)propanal is a flavouring ingredient. It is found in many foods, some of which are cucumber, jujube, mugwort, and chicory leaves. D006730 - Hormones, Hormone Substitutes, and Hormone Antagonists > D006727 - Hormone Antagonists > D011448 - Prostaglandin Antagonists
4-Methylpentanal
4-Methylpentanal is an intermediate in the metabolism of C21-Steroid hormone. It is a substrate for Cytochrome P450 11A1 (mitochondrial). [HMDB] 4-Methylpentanal is an intermediate in the metabolism of C21-Steroid hormone. It is a substrate for Cytochrome P450 11A1 (mitochondrial).
Propanal
An aldehyde that consists of ethane bearing a formyl substituent. The parent of the class of propanals.
Butanal
A member of the class of butanals that consists of propane bearing a formyl substituent at the 1-position. The parent of the class of butanals.
Glutaral
D019995 - Laboratory Chemicals > D007202 - Indicators and Reagents > D003432 - Cross-Linking Reagents D000890 - Anti-Infective Agents D004202 - Disinfectants D005404 - Fixatives Same as: D01120
3-Hydroxypropanal
Reuterin is a broad-spectrum antimicrobial agent active against Gram positive and Gram negative bacteria, as well as yeasts, moulds and protozoa. Reuterin is produced by specific strains of Lactobacillus reuteri during anaerobic metabolism of glycerol. Reuterin also demonstrates potent antimicrobial activity against a broad panel of human and poultry meat campylobacter spp. Isolates[1][2].
5-Aminopentanal
An omega-aminoaldehyde that is pentanal which is substituted at position 5 by an amino group. It is an intermediate in the biosynthesis of L-lysine derived alkaloids.