NCBI Taxonomy: 30546
Mephitis (ncbi_taxid: 30546)
found 98 associated metabolites at genus taxonomy rank level.
Ancestor: Mephitidae
Child Taxonomies: Mephitis macroura, Mephitis mephitis
Propanal
Propanal, also known as N-propionaldehyde or C2H5CHO, belongs to the class of organic compounds known as alpha-hydrogen aldehydes. These are aldehydes with the general formula HC(H)(R)C(=O)H, where R is an organyl group. Propanal exists in all living species, ranging from bacteria to humans. Propanal is an alcohol, cocoa, and earthy tasting compound. Outside of the human body, Propanal is found, on average, in the highest concentration within wild celeries and carrots. Propanal has also been detected, but not quantified in several different foods, such as purple lavers, black salsifies, strawberry guava, grapefruit/pummelo hybrids, and alaska wild rhubarbs. It is an aldehyde that consists of ethane bearing a formyl substituent. Isolated from various plant sources, e.g. hops, banana, sweet or sour cherry, blackcurrants, melon, pineapple, bread, chesses, coffee, cooked rice and strawberry or apple aroma. Flavouring agent
Acetaldehyde
Acetaldehyde, also known as ethanal, belongs to the class of organic compounds known as short-chain aldehydes. These are an aldehyde with a chain length containing between 2 and 5 carbon atoms. Acetaldehyde exists in all living species, ranging from bacteria to humans. Within humans, acetaldehyde participates in a number of enzymatic reactions. In particular, acetaldehyde can be biosynthesized from ethanol which is mediated by the enzyme alcohol dehydrogenase 1B. Acetaldehyde can also be converted to acetic acid by the enzyme aldehyde dehydrogenase (mitochondrial) and aldehyde dehydrogenase X (mitochondrial). The main method of production is the oxidation of ethylene by the Wacker process, which involves oxidation of ethylene using a homogeneous palladium/copper system: 2 CH2CH2 + O2 → 2 CH3CHO. In the 1970s, the world capacity of the Wacker-Hoechst direct oxidation process exceeded 2 million tonnes annually. In humans, acetaldehyde is involved in disulfiram action pathway. Acetaldehyde is an aldehydic, ethereal, and fruity tasting compound. Outside of the human body, acetaldehyde is found, on average, in the highest concentration in a few different foods, such as sweet oranges, pineapples, and mandarin orange (clementine, tangerine) and in a lower concentration in . acetaldehyde has also been detected, but not quantified in several different foods, such as malabar plums, malus (crab apple), rose hips, natal plums, and medlars. This could make acetaldehyde a potential biomarker for the consumption of these foods. In condensation reactions, acetaldehyde is prochiral. Acetaldehyde is formally rated as a possible carcinogen (by IARC 2B) and is also a potentially toxic compound. Acetaldehyde has been found to be associated with several diseases such as alcoholism, ulcerative colitis, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, and crohns disease; also acetaldehyde has been linked to the inborn metabolic disorders including aldehyde dehydrogenase deficiency (III) sulfate is used to reoxidize the mercury back to the mercury. Acetaldehyde was first observed by the Swedish pharmacist/chemist Carl Wilhelm Scheele (1774); it was then investigated by the French chemists Antoine François, comte de Fourcroy and Louis Nicolas Vauquelin (1800), and the German chemists Johann Wolfgang Döbereiner (1821, 1822, 1832) and Justus von Liebig (1835). At room temperature, acetaldehyde (CH3CHO) is more stable than vinyl alcohol (CH2CHOH) by 42.7 kJ/mol: Overall the keto-enol tautomerization occurs slowly but is catalyzed by acids. The level at which an average consumer could detect acetaldehyde is still considerably lower than any toxicity. Pathways of exposure include air, water, land, or groundwater, as well as drink and smoke. Acetaldehyde is also created by thermal degradation or ultraviolet photo-degradation of some thermoplastic polymers during or after manufacture. The water industry generally recognizes 20–40 ppb as the taste/odor threshold for acetaldehyde. The level at which an average consumer could detect acetaldehyde is still considerably lower than any toxicity. Flavouring agent and adjuvant used to impart orange, apple and butter flavours; component of food flavourings added to milk products, baked goods, fruit juices, candy, desserts and soft drinks [DFC]
1-Propanethiol
1-Propanethiol, also known as N-propylthiol or propyl mercaptan, belongs to the class of organic compounds known as alkylthiols. These are organic compounds containing the thiol functional group linked to an alkyl chain. 1-Propanethiol is a sweet, cabbage, and gassy tasting compound. 1-Propanethiol has been detected, but not quantified, in several different foods, such as garden onions, fruits, cabbages, wild leeks, and onion-family vegetables. Isolated from onion (Allium cepa) and other Allium sspecies Also present in cooked chicken, beef, beer, American potato chips and durian (Durio zibethinus). 1-Propanethiol is found in many foods, some of which are fruits, wild leek, yellow wax bean, and animal foods.
Isopentyl mercaptan
Isopentyl mercaptan is found in alcoholic beverages. Isopentyl mercaptan is found in beer. Isopentyl mercaptan is a flavouring agent. Found in beer. Flavouring agent
1-Hexanethiol
1-Hexanethiol is found in animal foods. 1-Hexanethiol is a food additive listed in the EAFUS food Additive Database (Jan. 2001). 1-Hexanethiol is present in cooked meats. 1-Hexanethiol is a food flavouring agent. 1-Hexanethiol is a food additive listed in the EAFUS Food Additive Database (Jan. 2001). It is found in cooked meats. Used as a food flavouring agent.
Phenylmethanethiol
Phenylmethanethiol is a flavouring agent Flavouring agent
1-Butanethiol
1-Butanethiol, also known as 1-butyl mercaptan or 1-butylthiol, belongs to the class of organic compounds known as alkylthiols. These are organic compounds containing the thiol functional group linked to an alkyl chain. 1-Butanethiol is a coffee, egg, and garlic tasting compound. 1-Butanethiol has been detected, but not quantified, in milk and milk products and potato. Commercially, this is performed using ultraviolet light. It is sometimes placed in the "stink bombs" and "stink perfumes" for pranksters. Butanethiol is a very noxious and caustic chemical compound, and at sufficiently high concentrations, it produces serious health effects in both humans and animals, especially as a result of prolonged exposure. It may cause effects on the thyroid and the nervous system and could cause lowering of consciousness. The scent of butanethiol is so strong that the human nose can easily detect it in the air at concentrations as low as 10 parts per billion. The substance irritates the eyes, the skin, and the respiratory tract. Butanethiol is a thiol of low molecular weight, and it is highly flammable. Butanethiol is used as an industrial solvent, and as an intermediate for cotton defoliants. The threshold level for 1-butanethiol is reported as 1.4 ppb. Butanethiol is chemically classified among the thiols, which are organic compounds with molecular formulas and structural formulas similar to alcohols, except that sulfur-containing sulfhydryl group (-SH) replaces the oxygen-containing hydroxyl group (-OH) in the molecule. Butanethiol is prepared by the free radical catalyzed addition of hydrogen sulfide to 1-butene. Contact with the skin and mucous membranes causes burns, and contact with the eyes can lead to blurred vision or complete blindness. Inhalation may cause weakness, confusion, cough, dizziness, drowsiness, headache, nausea, vomiting, and shortness of breath. 1-Butanethiol is a flavouring agent. It is found in animal foods such as beef and raw chicken. It is also found in cooked potatoes and in milk and milk products (e.g. Cheshire cheese).
2-Methyl-1-propanethiol
2-Methyl-1-propanethiol is found in alcoholic beverages. 2-Methyl-1-propanethiol is a food additive listed in the EAFUS food Additive Database (Jan. 2001). 2-Methyl-1-propanethiol is found in guava, milk, cooked beef, cooked pork and beer. 2-Methyl-1-propanethiol is a flavouring ingredien Food additive listed in the EAFUS Food Additive Database (Jan. 2001). Found in guava, milk, cooked beef, cooked pork and beer. Flavouring ingredient
Quinaldine
Quinaldine or 2-methylquinoline is a simple derivative of a heterocyclic compound quinoline.
ch3cho
The aldehyde formed from acetic acid by reduction of the carboxy group. It is the most abundant carcinogen in tobacco smoke.