Chemical Formula: C4H8O4
Chemical Formula C4H8O4
Found 53 metabolite its formula value is C4H8O4
Erythrose
Erythrose is a tetrose saccharide with the chemical formula C4H8O4. It has one aldehyde group, and is thus part of the aldose family. The natural isomer is D-erythrose. It is a member of the class of compounds known as pentoses. Pentoses are monosaccharides in which the carbohydrate moiety contains five carbon atoms. Erythrose is very soluble (in water). Erythrose can be found in blood, as well as in human cartilage tissue. Within the cell, erythrose is primarily located in the cytoplasm (predicted from logP). Erythrose exists in all living organisms, ranging from bacteria to humans. Erythrose is found to be associated with schizophrenia. Erythrose was first isolated in 1849 from rhubarb by the French pharmacist Louis Feux Joseph Garot (1798-1869) and was named as such because of its red hue in the presence of alkali metals. D-erythrose is a tetrose carbohydrate with chemical formula C4H8O4. It has one aldehyde group and so is part of the aldose family. It is a syrupy liquid at room temperature. [HMDB] Acquisition and generation of the data is financially supported in part by CREST/JST.
L-Erythrulose
L-Erythrulose is an extremely reactive ketose, which rapidly glycates and crosslinks proteins, and therefore may mediate the(L-ascorbate) AsA-dependent modification of protein (ascorbylation) seen in vitro, and also proposed to occur in vivo in human lens during diabetic and age-onset cataract formation.(PMID: 10727845) [HMDB] L-Erythrulose is an extremely reactive ketose, which rapidly glycates and crosslinks proteins, and therefore may mediate the(L-ascorbate) AsA-dependent modification of protein (ascorbylation) seen in vitro, and also proposed to occur in vivo in human lens during diabetic and age-onset cataract formation.(PMID: 10727845).
D-Threose
Acquisition and generation of the data is financially supported in part by CREST/JST.
3,4-dihydroxybutyrate
3,4-Dihydroxybutyric acid (also known as 3,4-Dihydroxybutanoic acid or 3,4-DB, or 2-deoxytetronic acid, or 2-DTA) is a normal human urinary metabolite that is excreted in increased concentration in patients with succinic semialdehyde dehydrogenase (SSADH) deficiency (PMID 12127325), which is a genetic disorder. SSADH deficiency is caused by an enzyme deficiency in GABA degradation. The most constant features with this disease are developmental delay, hypotonia and intellectual disability. Nearly half of SSADH patients exhibit ataxia, behavioral problems, seizures, and hyporeflexia. Normal adults excrete 0.37 +/- 0.15 (SD) mmoles of 3,4-dihydroxybutyrate per 24 hr. 3,4-dihydroxybutyrate is also detectable in blood. The renal clearance of 3,4-dihydroxybutyrate is roughly equal that of creatinine. 3,4-dihydroxybutyric acid has also been found in foods and is believed to be formed via the degradation (cooking) of di- and poly-saccharides (PMID: 1167165). 3,4-Dihydroxybutyric acid is believed to play a role in satiety or the feeling of fullness and suppresses food intake (PMID: 3191387; PMID: 6720928). 3,4-dihydroxybutyric acid is also elevated in the serum of individuals with dementia and may even serve as a predictive biomarker for dementia (PMID: 25177334). 3,4-Dihydroxybutyric acid is also a metabolite produced in Escherichia (PMID: 28342964). 3,4-Dihydroxybutyric acid is a normal human urinary metabolite that is excreted in increased concentration in patients with succinic semialdehyde dehydrogenase (SSADH) deficiency. (PMID 12127325) Normal adults excrete 0.37 +/- 0.15 (SD) mmoles of 3,4-dihydroxybutyrate per 24 hr. The compound is also detectable in blood. The renal clearance of this compound is roughly equal that of creatinine. [HMDB]
2,4-Dihydroxybutanoic acid
2,4-Dihydroxybutanoic acid or 3-Deoxytetronic acid is usually absent in normal human urine extracts or in only trace constituents in neonates. (PMID 1192581) However, various cases of succinic semialdehyde dehydrogenase deficiency have shown consistently increased amounts of this metabolite. (PMID 3126356) [HMDB] 2,4-Dihydroxybutanoic acid or 3-Deoxytetronic acid is usually absent in normal human urine extracts or in only trace constituents in neonates. (PMID 1192581) However, various cases of succinic semialdehyde dehydrogenase deficiency have shown consistently increased amounts of this metabolite. (PMID 3126356).
4-Deoxyerythronic acid
4-Deoxyerythronic acid is a normal organic acid present in human biofluids (PMIDs 2338430, 3829393, 3525594, 14708889, 1560100, 6725493), derived presumably from L-threonine. (PMID 2947647) It has been associated with uremia (PMID 1149237) and diabetes mellitus type 1. (PMID 2947647) [HMDB] 4-Deoxyerythronic acid is a normal organic acid present in human biofluids (PMIDs 2338430, 3829393, 3525594, 14708889, 1560100, 6725493), derived presumably from L-threonine. (PMID 2947647) It has been associated with uremia (PMID 1149237) and diabetes mellitus type 1. (PMID 2947647).
4-Deoxythreonic acid
4-Deoxythreonic acid is a normally occurring carboxylic acid in human. (PMID: 3829393, 6725493). Metabolic profiling of urinary organic acids from patients with juvenile-onset (Type 1) diabetes mellitus have revealed significantly elevated levels of 4-deoxythreonic acid. (PMID: 2947647). The normal urinary constituent 4-deoxythreonic acid was found to diminish in urine incubated with E. coli. (PMID: 3910670). 4-Deoxythreonic acid is a normally occurring carboxylic acid in human. (PMID: 3829393, 6725493)
A,b-Dihydroxyisobutyric acid
2-methylglyceric acid or a,b-Dihydroxyisobutyric acid has been found not to be a normal metabolite but is a degradation product of thymine glycol in vivo. (PMID:3707888) [HMDB] 2-methylglyceric acid or a,b-Dihydroxyisobutyric acid has been found not to be a normal metabolite but is a degradation product of thymine glycol in vivo. (PMID:3707888).
1,4-Dioxane-2,5-diol
1,4-Dioxane-2,5-diol is an endogenous metabolite.
2,4-Dihydroxybutanoic acid
A omega-hydroxy fatty acid that is butyric acid substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 2 and 4 respectively.
3,4-Dihydroxybutyric acid
A omega-hydroxy fatty acid that is butyric acid substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 3 and 4 respectively.
Glycolaldehyde dimer
1,4-Dioxane-2,5-diol is an endogenous metabolite.
Erythrulose
Erythrulose. CAS Common Chemistry. CAS, a division of the American Chemical Society, n.d. https://commonchemistry.cas.org/detail?cas_rn=40031-31-0 (retrieved 2024-08-19) (CAS RN: 40031-31-0). Licensed under the Attribution-Noncommercial 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC 4.0).
2,3-Dihydroxybutanoic acid
A hydroxybutyric acid substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 2 and 3 respectively.