Exact Mass: 425.3405948

Exact Mass Matches: 425.3405948

Found 153 metabolites which its exact mass value is equals to given mass value 425.3405948, within given mass tolerance error 0.05 dalton. Try search metabolite list with more accurate mass tolerance error 0.01 dalton.

Iervin

Jervine

C27H39NO3 (425.29297840000004)

D002317 - Cardiovascular Agents > D000959 - Antihypertensive Agents > D014704 - Veratrum Alkaloids CONFIDENCE Reference Standard (Level 1); INTERNAL_ID 2330 Jervine (11-Ketocyclopamine) is a potent Hedgehog (Hh) inhibitor with an IC50 of 500-700 nM[1]. Jervine is a natural teratogenic sterodial alkaloid from rhizomes of Veratrum nigrum. Jervine has anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties[2]. Jervine (11-Ketocyclopamine) is a potent Hedgehog (Hh) inhibitor with an IC50 of 500-700 nM[1]. Jervine is a natural teratogenic sterodial alkaloid from rhizomes of Veratrum nigrum. Jervine has anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties[2].

Oleoylcarnitine (C18:1)

(Z)-(+-)-3-Carboxy-N,N,N-trimethyl-2-((1-oxo-9-octadecenyl)oxy)-1-propanaminium

C25H47NO4 (425.3504902)

Oleoylcarnitine is an acylcarnitine. More specifically, it is an oleic acid ester of carnitine. Acylcarnitines were first discovered more than 70 year ago (PMID: 13825279). It is believed that there are more than 1000 types of acylcarnitines in the human body. The general role of acylcarnitines is to transport acyl-groups (organic acids and fatty acids) from the cytoplasm into the mitochondria so that they can be broken down to produce energy. This process is known as beta-oxidation. According to a recent review [Dambrova et al. 2021, Physiological Reviews], acylcarnitines (ACs) can be classified into 9 different categories depending on the type and size of their acyl-group: 1) short-chain ACs; 2) medium-chain ACs; 3) long-chain ACs; 4) very long-chain ACs; 5) hydroxy ACs; 6) branched chain ACs; 7) unsaturated ACs; 8) dicarboxylic ACs and 9) miscellaneous ACs. Short-chain ACs have acyl-groups with two to five carbons (C2-C5), medium-chain ACs have acyl-groups with six to thirteen carbons (C6-C13), long-chain ACs have acyl-groups with fourteen to twenty once carbons (C14-C21) and very long-chain ACs have acyl groups with more than 22 carbons. Oleoylcarnitine is therefore classified as a long chain AC. As a long-chain acylcarnitine oleoylcarnitine is generally formed through esterification with long-chain fatty acids obtained from the diet. The main function of most long-chain acylcarnitines is to ensure long chain fatty acid transport into the mitochondria (PMID: 22804748). Altered levels of long-chain acylcarnitines can serve as useful markers for inherited disorders of long-chain fatty acid metabolism. In particular oleoylcarnitine is elevated in the blood or plasma of individuals with carnitine palmitoyl transferase 2 deficiency (PMID: 15653102, PMID: 11999976), cardiovascular mortality in incident dialysis patients (PMID: 24308938), schizophrenia (PMID: 31161852), succinic semialdehyde dehydrogenase deficiency (PMID: 32967698), neonatal macrosomia (PMID: 32126138), liver cirrhosis (PMID: 32075591), CPT II deficiency (PMID: 28801073, PMID: 18987586, PMID: 18925671, PMID: 11585077), carnitine/acylcarnitine translocase (CACT) deficiency (PMID: 15057979 ), and ischaemia/reperfusion (PMID: 26936967, PMID: 22607863, PMID: 24468136). Carnitine palmitoyltransferase I (CPT I, EC:2.3.1.21) is involved in the synthesis of long-chain acylcarnitines (more than C12) on the mitochondrial outer membrane. Elevated serum/plasma levels of long-chain acylcarnitines are not only markers for incomplete FA oxidation but also are indicators of altered carbohydrate and lipid metabolism. High serum concentrations of long-chain acylcarnitines in the postprandial or fed state are markers of insulin resistance and arise from insulins inability to inhibit CPT-1-dependent fatty acid metabolism in muscles and the heart (PMID: 19073774). Increased intracellular content of long-chain acylcarnitines is thought to serve as a feedback inhibition mechanism of insulin action (PMID: 23258903). In healthy subjects, increased concentrations of insulin effectively inhibits long-chain acylcarnitine production. Several studies have also found increased levels of circulating long-chain acylcarnitines in chronic heart failure patients (PMID: 26796394). The study of acylcarnitines is an active area of research and it is likely that many novel acylcarnitines will be discovered in the coming years. It is also likely that many novel roles in health and disease will be uncovered. An excellent review of the current state of knowledge for acylcarnitines is available at [Dambrova et al. 2021, Physiological Reviews]. A long-chain acylcarnitine that accumulates during certain metabolic conditions, such as fasting (PMID: 15653102) [HMDB] Oleoylcarnitine. CAS Common Chemistry. CAS, a division of the American Chemical Society, n.d. https://commonchemistry.cas.org/detail?cas_rn=38677-66-6 (retrieved 2024-06-29) (CAS RN: 38677-66-6). Licensed under the Attribution-Noncommercial 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC 4.0). Oleoylcarnitine, the metabolite which accumulates through suppression of fatty acid β-oxidation, can enhance hepatocarcinogenesis via STAT3 activation[1].

Vaccenyl carnitine

(4S)-4-[(11E)-octadec-11-enoyloxy]-4-(trimethylazaniumyl)butanoate

C25H47NO4 (425.3504902)

Vaccenyl carnitine is a long-chain acyl fatty acid derivative ester of carnitine. Long-chain acyl fatty acid derivatives accumulate in the cytosol and serum of patients suffering of mitochondrial carnitine palmitoyltransferase II (CPT II, EC 2.3.1.12) deficiency, the most common inherited disorder of lipid metabolism in adults. carnitine palmitoyltransferase II deficiency is an autosomal recessive disorder of fatty acid metabolism presenting as two clinical phenotypes: (i) a severe infantile hepatocardiomuscular form and (ii) a milder adult muscular form. Energy production from long-chain fatty acids (LCFAs) requires the transport of LCFAs into the mitochondrial matrix. This transport is carnitine-dependent and involves translocation machinery. mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation disorders cause hypoglycaemia, hepatic dysfunction, myopathy, cardiomyopathy and encephalopathy. Patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) undergoing long-term haemodialysis exhibit elevated acylcarnitine concentrations. (PMID: 11999976, 10682306, 15025677, 16168195) [HMDB] Vaccenyl carnitine is a long-chain acyl fatty acid derivative ester of carnitine. Long-chain acyl fatty acid derivatives accumulate in the cytosol and serum of patients suffering of mitochondrial carnitine palmitoyltransferase II (CPT II, EC 2.3.1.12) deficiency, the most common inherited disorder of lipid metabolism in adults. carnitine palmitoyltransferase II deficiency is an autosomal recessive disorder of fatty acid metabolism presenting as two clinical phenotypes: (i) a severe infantile hepatocardiomuscular form and (ii) a milder adult muscular form. Energy production from long-chain fatty acids (LCFAs) requires the transport of LCFAs into the mitochondrial matrix. This transport is carnitine-dependent and involves translocation machinery. mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation disorders cause hypoglycaemia, hepatic dysfunction, myopathy, cardiomyopathy and encephalopathy. Patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) undergoing long-term haemodialysis exhibit elevated acylcarnitine concentrations. (PMID: 11999976, 10682306, 15025677, 16168195).

Elaidic carnitine

3-[(9E)-octadec-9-enoyloxy]-4-(trimethylazaniumyl)butanoate

C25H47NO4 (425.3504902)

Elaidic carnitine is an acylcarnitine. Numerous disorders have been described that lead to disturbances in energy production and in intermediary metabolism in the organism which are characterized by the production and excretion of unusual acylcarnitines. A mutation in the gene coding for carnitine-acylcarnitine translocase or the OCTN2 transporter aetiologically causes a carnitine deficiency that results in poor intestinal absorption of dietary L-carnitine, its impaired reabsorption by the kidney and, consequently, in increased urinary loss of L-carnitine. Determination of the qualitative pattern of acylcarnitines can be of diagnostic and therapeutic importance. The betaine structure of carnitine requires special analytical procedures for recording. The ionic nature of L-carnitine causes a high water solubility which decreases with increasing chain length of the ester group in the acylcarnitines. Therefore, the distribution of L-carnitine and acylcarnitines in various organs is defined by their function and their physico-chemical properties as well. High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) permits screening for free and total carnitine, as well as complete quantitative acylcarnitine determination, including the long-chain acylcarnitine profile. (PMID: 17508264, Monatshefte fuer Chemie (2005), 136(8), 1279-1291., Int J Mass Spectrom. 1999;188:39-52.) [HMDB] Elaidic carnitine is an acylcarnitine. Numerous disorders have been described that lead to disturbances in energy production and in intermediary metabolism in the organism which are characterized by the production and excretion of unusual acylcarnitines. A mutation in the gene coding for carnitine-acylcarnitine translocase or the OCTN2 transporter aetiologically causes a carnitine deficiency that results in poor intestinal absorption of dietary L-carnitine, its impaired reabsorption by the kidney and, consequently, in increased urinary loss of L-carnitine. Determination of the qualitative pattern of acylcarnitines can be of diagnostic and therapeutic importance. The betaine structure of carnitine requires special analytical procedures for recording. The ionic nature of L-carnitine causes a high water solubility which decreases with increasing chain length of the ester group in the acylcarnitines. Therefore, the distribution of L-carnitine and acylcarnitines in various organs is defined by their function and their physico-chemical properties as well. High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) permits screening for free and total carnitine, as well as complete quantitative acylcarnitine determination, including the long-chain acylcarnitine profile. (PMID: 17508264, Monatshefte fuer Chemie (2005), 136(8), 1279-1291., Int J Mass Spectrom. 1999;188:39-52.).

Tetracosanoylglycine

2-Tetracosanamidoacetic acid