NCBI Taxonomy: 2984305

Sonchus macrocarpus (ncbi_taxid: 2984305)

found 60 associated metabolites at species taxonomy rank level.

Ancestor: Sonchus

Child Taxonomies: none taxonomy data.

Scopoletin

7-hydroxy-6-methoxy-2H-chromen-2-one

C10H8O4 (192.0422568)


Scopoletin is a hydroxycoumarin that is umbelliferone bearing a methoxy substituent at position 6. It has a role as a plant growth regulator and a plant metabolite. It is functionally related to an umbelliferone. Scopoletin is a natural product found in Ficus auriculata, Haplophyllum cappadocicum, and other organisms with data available. Scopoletin is a coumarin compound found in several plants including those in the genus Scopolia and the genus Brunfelsia, as well as chicory (Cichorium), redstem wormwood (Artemisia scoparia), stinging nettle (Urtica dioica), passion flower (Passiflora), noni (Morinda citrifolia fruit) and European black nightshade (Solanum nigrum) that is comprised of umbelliferone with a methoxy group substituent at position 6. Scopoletin is used to standardize and establish pharmacokinetic properties for products derived from the plants that produce it, such as noni extract. Although the mechanism(s) of action have not yet been established, this agent has potential antineoplastic, antidopaminergic, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anticholinesterase effects. Plant growth factor derived from the root of Scopolia carniolica or Scopolia japonica. See also: Arnica montana Flower (part of); Lycium barbarum fruit (part of); Viburnum opulus root (part of). Isolated from Angelica acutiloba (Dong Dang Gui). Scopoletin is found in many foods, some of which are lambsquarters, lemon, sunflower, and sherry. Scopoletin is found in anise. Scopoletin is isolated from Angelica acutiloba (Dong Dang Gui A hydroxycoumarin that is umbelliferone bearing a methoxy substituent at position 6. Acquisition and generation of the data is financially supported in part by CREST/JST. [Raw Data] CBA72_Scopoletin_pos_20eV.txt [Raw Data] CBA72_Scopoletin_pos_40eV.txt [Raw Data] CBA72_Scopoletin_neg_30eV.txt [Raw Data] CBA72_Scopoletin_neg_50eV.txt [Raw Data] CBA72_Scopoletin_pos_50eV.txt [Raw Data] CBA72_Scopoletin_pos_10eV.txt [Raw Data] CBA72_Scopoletin_neg_40eV.txt [Raw Data] CBA72_Scopoletin_neg_10eV.txt [Raw Data] CBA72_Scopoletin_pos_30eV.txt [Raw Data] CBA72_Scopoletin_neg_20eV.txt Scopoletin. CAS Common Chemistry. CAS, a division of the American Chemical Society, n.d. https://commonchemistry.cas.org/detail?cas_rn=92-61-5 (retrieved 2024-07-12) (CAS RN: 92-61-5). Licensed under the Attribution-Noncommercial 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC 4.0). Scopoletin is an inhibitor of acetylcholinesterase (AChE). Scopoletin is an inhibitor of acetylcholinesterase (AChE).

   

Luteolin 7-glucuronide

(2S,3S,4S,5R,6S)-6-{[2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5-hydroxy-4-oxo-4H-chromen-7-yl]oxy}-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxane-2-carboxylic acid

C21H18O12 (462.0798228)


Luteolin 7-glucuronide, also known as cyanidenon-7-O-B-D-glucuronate or luteolin 7-O-beta-D-glucuronopyranoside, is a member of the class of compounds known as flavonoid-7-o-glucuronides. Flavonoid-7-o-glucuronides are phenolic compounds containing a flavonoid moiety which is O-glycosidically linked to glucuronic acid at the C7-position. Luteolin 7-glucuronide is slightly soluble (in water) and a moderately acidic compound (based on its pKa). Luteolin 7-glucuronide can be found in a number of food items such as globe artichoke, wild carrot, carrot, and lettuce, which makes luteolin 7-glucuronide a potential biomarker for the consumption of these food products. Luteolin 7-O-glucuronide could inhibit Matrix Metalloproteinases (MMP) activities, with IC50s of 17.63, 7.99, 11.42, 12.85, 0.03 μM for MMP-1, MMP-3, MMP-8, MMP-9, MMP-13, respectively. Luteolin 7-O-glucuronide could inhibit Matrix Metalloproteinases (MMP) activities, with IC50s of 17.63, 7.99, 11.42, 12.85, 0.03 μM for MMP-1, MMP-3, MMP-8, MMP-9, MMP-13, respectively.

   

Pinoresinol

PHENOL, 4,4-(TETRAHYDRO-1H,3H-FURO(3,4-C)FURAN-1,4-DIYL)BIS(2-METHOXY-, (1S-(1.ALPHA.,3A.ALPHA.,4.BETA.,6A.ALPHA.))-

C20H22O6 (358.1416312)


Epipinoresinol is an enantiomer of pinoresinol having (+)-(1R,3aR,4S,6aR)-configuration. It has a role as a plant metabolite and a marine metabolite. Epipinoresinol is a natural product found in Pandanus utilis, Abeliophyllum distichum, and other organisms with data available. An enantiomer of pinoresinol having (+)-(1R,3aR,4S,6aR)-configuration. (+)-pinoresinol is an enantiomer of pinoresinol having (+)-1S,3aR,4S,6aR-configuration. It has a role as a hypoglycemic agent, a plant metabolite and a phytoestrogen. Pinoresinol is a natural product found in Pandanus utilis, Zanthoxylum beecheyanum, and other organisms with data available. See also: Acai fruit pulp (part of). An enantiomer of pinoresinol having (+)-1S,3aR,4S,6aR-configuration. relative retention time with respect to 9-anthracene Carboxylic Acid is 0.907 relative retention time with respect to 9-anthracene Carboxylic Acid is 0.905 relative retention time with respect to 9-anthracene Carboxylic Acid is 0.897 relative retention time with respect to 9-anthracene Carboxylic Acid is 0.895 Pinoresinol is a lignol of plant origin serving for defense in a caterpillar. Pinoresinol drastically sensitizes cancer cells against TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) -induced apoptosis[1][2]. Pinoresinol is a lignol of plant origin serving for defense in a caterpillar. Pinoresinol drastically sensitizes cancer cells against TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) -induced apoptosis[1][2].

   

Lupeol

(1R,3aR,5aR,5bR,7aR,9S,11aR,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a,5a,5b,8,8,11a-hexamethyl-1-prop-1-en-2-yl-1,2,3,4,5,6,7,7a,9,10,11,11b,12,13,13a,13b-hexadecahydrocyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-ol

C30H50O (426.386145)


Lupeol is a pentacyclic triterpenoid that is lupane in which the hydrogen at the 3beta position is substituted by a hydroxy group. It occurs in the skin of lupin seeds, as well as in the latex of fig trees and of rubber plants. It is also found in many edible fruits and vegetables. It has a role as an anti-inflammatory drug and a plant metabolite. It is a secondary alcohol and a pentacyclic triterpenoid. It derives from a hydride of a lupane. Lupeol has been investigated for the treatment of Acne. Lupeol is a natural product found in Ficus auriculata, Ficus septica, and other organisms with data available. See also: Calendula Officinalis Flower (part of). A pentacyclic triterpenoid that is lupane in which the hydrogen at the 3beta position is substituted by a hydroxy group. It occurs in the skin of lupin seeds, as well as in the latex of fig trees and of rubber plants. It is also found in many edible fruits and vegetables. D000893 - Anti-Inflammatory Agents Lupeol (Clerodol; Monogynol B; Fagarasterol) is an active pentacyclic?triterpenoid, has anti-oxidant, anti-mutagenic, anti-tumor and anti-inflammatory activity. Lupeol is a potent?androgen receptor (AR)?inhibitor and can be used for cancer research, especially prostate cancer of androgen-dependent phenotype (ADPC) and castration resistant phenotype (CRPC)[1]. Lupeol (Clerodol; Monogynol B; Fagarasterol) is an active pentacyclic?triterpenoid, has anti-oxidant, anti-mutagenic, anti-tumor and anti-inflammatory activity. Lupeol is a potent?androgen receptor (AR)?inhibitor and can be used for cancer research, especially prostate cancer of androgen-dependent phenotype (ADPC) and castration resistant phenotype (CRPC)[1].

   

(-)-Pinoresinol

4-[(3R,3aS,6R,6aS)-6-(3-methoxy-4-oxidanyl-phenyl)-1,3,3a,4,6,6a-hexahydrofuro[3,4-c]furan-3-yl]-2-methoxy-phenol

C20H22O6 (358.1416312)


(-)-pinoresinol is an enantiomer of pinoresinol having (-)-1R,3aS,4R,6aS-configuration. It has a role as a plant metabolite. (-)-Pinoresinol is a natural product found in Dendrobium loddigesii, Forsythia suspensa, and other organisms with data available. An enantiomer of pinoresinol having (-)-1R,3aS,4R,6aS-configuration.

   

Pinoresinol

Phenol,4-(tetrahydro-1H,3H-furo[3,4-c]furan-1,4-diyl)bis[2-methoxy-, [1S-(1.alpha.,3a.alpha.,4.alpha.,6a.alpha.)]-

C20H22O6 (358.1416312)


4-[6-(4-Hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-1,3,3a,4,6,6a-hexahydrofuro[3,4-c]furan-3-yl]-2-methoxyphenol is a natural product found in Zanthoxylum riedelianum, Forsythia suspensa, and other organisms with data available. Pinoresinol is a lignol of plant origin serving for defense in a caterpillar. Pinoresinol drastically sensitizes cancer cells against TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) -induced apoptosis[1][2]. Pinoresinol is a lignol of plant origin serving for defense in a caterpillar. Pinoresinol drastically sensitizes cancer cells against TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) -induced apoptosis[1][2].

   

Apigenin 7-glucuronide

(-)-Apigenin 7-O-beta-D-glucuronide

C21H18O11 (446.0849078)


Apigenin-7-glucuronide could inhibit Matrix Metalloproteinases (MMP) activities, with IC50s of 12.87, 22.39, 17.52, 0.27 μM for MMP-3, MMP-8, MMP-9, MMP-13, respectively. Apigenin-7-glucuronide could inhibit Matrix Metalloproteinases (MMP) activities, with IC50s of 12.87, 22.39, 17.52, 0.27 μM for MMP-3, MMP-8, MMP-9, MMP-13, respectively.

   

Apigenin 7-glucuronide

(2S,3S,4S,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-{[5-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-4-oxo-4H-chromen-7-yl]oxy}oxane-2-carboxylic acid

C21H18O11 (446.0849078)


Apigenin 7-o-glucuronide is a member of the class of compounds known as flavonoid-7-o-glucuronides. Flavonoid-7-o-glucuronides are phenolic compounds containing a flavonoid moiety which is O-glycosidically linked to glucuronic acid at the C7-position. Apigenin 7-o-glucuronide is slightly soluble (in water) and a moderately acidic compound (based on its pKa). Apigenin 7-o-glucuronide can be found in globe artichoke, which makes apigenin 7-o-glucuronide a potential biomarker for the consumption of this food product. Apigenin-7-glucuronide could inhibit Matrix Metalloproteinases (MMP) activities, with IC50s of 12.87, 22.39, 17.52, 0.27 μM for MMP-3, MMP-8, MMP-9, MMP-13, respectively. Apigenin-7-glucuronide could inhibit Matrix Metalloproteinases (MMP) activities, with IC50s of 12.87, 22.39, 17.52, 0.27 μM for MMP-3, MMP-8, MMP-9, MMP-13, respectively.

   

beta-Amyrin

4,4,6a,6b,8a,11,11,14b-octamethyl-1,2,3,4,4a,5,6,6a,6b,7,8,8a,9,10,11,12,12a,14,14a,14b-icosahydropicen-3-ol

C30H50O (426.386145)


Beta-amryin, also known as B-amryin, is a member of the class of compounds known as triterpenoids. Triterpenoids are terpene molecules containing six isoprene units. Beta-amryin is practically insoluble (in water) and an extremely weak acidic compound (based on its pKa). Beta-amryin can be found in pigeon pea, which makes beta-amryin a potential biomarker for the consumption of this food product.

   

beta-Amyrin acetate

4,4,6a,6b,8a,11,11,14b-octamethyl-1,2,3,4,4a,5,6,6a,6b,7,8,8a,9,10,11,12,12a,14,14a,14b-icosahydropicen-3-yl acetate

C32H52O2 (468.3967092)


Beta-amyrin acetate, also known as B-amyrin acetic acid, is a member of the class of compounds known as triterpenoids. Triterpenoids are terpene molecules containing six isoprene units. Beta-amyrin acetate is practically insoluble (in water) and an extremely weak basic (essentially neutral) compound (based on its pKa). Beta-amyrin acetate can be found in burdock and guava, which makes beta-amyrin acetate a potential biomarker for the consumption of these food products. β-Amyrin acetate is a triterpenoid with potent anti-inflammatory, antifungal, anti-diabetic, anti-hyperlipidemic activities. β-Amyrin acetate can inhibit HMG-CoA reductase activity by locating in the hydrophobic binding cleft of HMG CoA reductase[1][2][3][4].

   

Epipinoresinol

4-[4-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-hexahydrofuro[3,4-c]furan-1-yl]-2-methoxyphenol

C20H22O6 (358.1416312)


(+)-pinoresinol is a member of the class of compounds known as furanoid lignans. Furanoid lignans are lignans with a structure that contains either a tetrahydrofuran ring, a furan ring, or a furofuan ring system, that arises from the joining of the two phenylpropanoid units (+)-pinoresinol is practically insoluble (in water) and a very weakly acidic compound (based on its pKa). (+)-pinoresinol can be found in a number of food items such as chanterelle, pecan nut, pine nut, and common hazelnut, which makes (+)-pinoresinol a potential biomarker for the consumption of these food products. Pinoresinol is a lignol of plant origin serving for defense in a caterpillar. Pinoresinol drastically sensitizes cancer cells against TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) -induced apoptosis[1][2]. Pinoresinol is a lignol of plant origin serving for defense in a caterpillar. Pinoresinol drastically sensitizes cancer cells against TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) -induced apoptosis[1][2].

   

Lupeol acetate

1,2,5,14,18,18-hexamethyl-8-(prop-1-en-2-yl)pentacyclo[11.8.0.0²,¹⁰.0⁵,⁹.0¹⁴,¹⁹]henicosan-17-yl acetate

C32H52O2 (468.3967092)


   

Reynosin

6-hydroxy-5a-methyl-3,9-dimethylidene-dodecahydronaphtho[1,2-b]furan-2-one

C15H20O3 (248.14123700000002)


Reynosin belongs to eudesmanolides, secoeudesmanolides, and derivatives class of compounds. Those are terpenoids with a structure based on the eudesmanolide (a 3,5a,9-trimethyl-naphtho[1,2-b]furan-2-one derivative) or secoeudesmanolide (a 3,6-dimethyl-5-(pentan-2-yl)-1-benzofuran-2-one derivative) skeleton. Reynosin is practically insoluble (in water) and a very weakly acidic compound (based on its pKa). Reynosin can be found in sweet bay, which makes reynosin a potential biomarker for the consumption of this food product.

   

β-Amyrin

beta-amyrin-H2O

C30H50O (426.386145)


Beta-amyrin, also known as amyrin or (3beta)-olean-12-en-3-ol, is a member of the class of compounds known as triterpenoids. Triterpenoids are terpene molecules containing six isoprene units. Thus, beta-amyrin is considered to be an isoprenoid lipid molecule. Beta-amyrin is practically insoluble (in water) and an extremely weak acidic compound (based on its pKa). Beta-amyrin can be synthesized from oleanane. Beta-amyrin is also a parent compound for other transformation products, including but not limited to, erythrodiol, glycyrrhetaldehyde, and 24-hydroxy-beta-amyrin. Beta-amyrin can be found in a number of food items such as thistle, pepper (c. baccatum), wakame, and endive, which makes beta-amyrin a potential biomarker for the consumption of these food products. The amyrins are three closely related natural chemical compounds of the triterpene class. They are designated α-amyrin (ursane skeleton), β-amyrin (oleanane skeleton) and δ-amyrin. Each is a pentacyclic triterpenol with the chemical formula C30H50O. They are widely distributed in nature and have been isolated from a variety of plant sources such as epicuticular wax. In plant biosynthesis, α-amyrin is the precursor of ursolic acid and β-amyrin is the precursor of oleanolic acid. All three amyrins occur in the surface wax of tomato fruit. α-Amyrin is found in dandelion coffee . β-Amyrin, an ingredient of Celastrus hindsii, blocks amyloid β (Aβ)-induced long-term potentiation (LTP) impairment. β-amyrin is a promising candidate of treatment for AD[1]. β-Amyrin, an ingredient of Celastrus hindsii, blocks amyloid β (Aβ)-induced long-term potentiation (LTP) impairment. β-amyrin is a promising candidate of treatment for AD[1].

   

Lupeol acetate

Acetic acid (1R,3aR,4S,5aR,5bR,7aR,9S,11aR,11bR,13aR,13bR)-1-isopropenyl-3a,5a,5b,8,8,11a-hexamethyl-eicosahydro-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl ester

C32H52O2 (468.3967092)


Lupeol acetate, a derivative of Lupeol, suppresses the progression of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) by inhibiting the activation of macrophages and osteoclastogenesis through downregulations of TNF-α, IL-1β, MCP-1, COX-2, VEGF and granzyme B[1]. Lupeol acetate, a derivative of Lupeol, suppresses the progression of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) by inhibiting the activation of macrophages and osteoclastogenesis through downregulations of TNF-α, IL-1β, MCP-1, COX-2, VEGF and granzyme B[1].

   

β-Amyrin acetate

(4,4,6a,6b,8a,11,11,14b-Octamethyl-1,2,3,4a,5,6,7,8,9,10,12,12a,14,14a-tetradecahydropicen-3-yl) acetate

C32H52O2 (468.3967092)


β-Amyrin acetate is a triterpenoid with potent anti-inflammatory, antifungal, anti-diabetic, anti-hyperlipidemic activities. β-Amyrin acetate can inhibit HMG-CoA reductase activity by locating in the hydrophobic binding cleft of HMG CoA reductase[1][2][3][4].

   

lupeol

Lup-20(29)-en-3.beta.-ol

C30H50O (426.386145)


D000893 - Anti-Inflammatory Agents Lupeol (Clerodol; Monogynol B; Fagarasterol) is an active pentacyclic?triterpenoid, has anti-oxidant, anti-mutagenic, anti-tumor and anti-inflammatory activity. Lupeol is a potent?androgen receptor (AR)?inhibitor and can be used for cancer research, especially prostate cancer of androgen-dependent phenotype (ADPC) and castration resistant phenotype (CRPC)[1]. Lupeol (Clerodol; Monogynol B; Fagarasterol) is an active pentacyclic?triterpenoid, has anti-oxidant, anti-mutagenic, anti-tumor and anti-inflammatory activity. Lupeol is a potent?androgen receptor (AR)?inhibitor and can be used for cancer research, especially prostate cancer of androgen-dependent phenotype (ADPC) and castration resistant phenotype (CRPC)[1].

   

Luteolin 7-O-glucoside

2-(3,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxy-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one mono-beta-D-glucopyranoside

C21H20O11 (448.100557)


   

Reynosin

NAPHTHO(1,2-B)FURAN-2(3H)-ONE, DECAHYDRO-6-HYDROXY-5A-METHYL-3,9-BIS(METHYLENE)-, (3AS-(3A.ALPHA.,5A.BETA.,6.BETA.,9A.ALPHA.,9B.BETA.))-

C15H20O3 (248.14123700000002)


Reynosin is a sesquiterpene lactone of the eudesmanolide group, found particularly in Magnolia grandiflora and Laurus nobilis. It has a role as a metabolite. It is a sesquiterpene lactone and an organic heterotricyclic compound. Reynosin is a natural product found in Centaurea uniflora, Eupatorium capillifolium, and other organisms with data available. A sesquiterpene lactone of the eudesmanolide group, found particularly in Magnolia grandiflora and Laurus nobilis.

   

β-Amyrin acetate

[(3S,4aR,6aR,6bS,8aR,12aR,14aR,14bR)-4,4,6a,6b,8a,11,11,14b-octamethyl-1,2,3,4a,5,6,7,8,9,10,12,12a,14,14a-tetradecahydropicen-3-yl] acetate

C32H52O2 (468.3967092)


Beta-amyrin acetate is a triterpenoid. beta-Amyrin acetate is a natural product found in Euphorbia decipiens, Euphorbia larica, and other organisms with data available. β-Amyrin acetate is a triterpenoid with potent anti-inflammatory, antifungal, anti-diabetic, anti-hyperlipidemic activities. β-Amyrin acetate can inhibit HMG-CoA reductase activity by locating in the hydrophobic binding cleft of HMG CoA reductase[1][2][3][4].

   

Scopoletin

Scopoletin

C10H8O4 (192.0422568)


relative retention time with respect to 9-anthracene Carboxylic Acid is 0.636 relative retention time with respect to 9-anthracene Carboxylic Acid is 0.637 relative retention time with respect to 9-anthracene Carboxylic Acid is 0.629 relative retention time with respect to 9-anthracene Carboxylic Acid is 0.631 IPB_RECORD: 1582; CONFIDENCE confident structure Scopoletin is an inhibitor of acetylcholinesterase (AChE). Scopoletin is an inhibitor of acetylcholinesterase (AChE).

   

Esculetin

InChI=1\C9H6O4\c10-6-3-5-1-2-9(12)13-8(5)4-7(6)11\h1-4,10-11

C9H6O4 (178.0266076)


D020011 - Protective Agents > D000975 - Antioxidants relative retention time with respect to 9-anthracene Carboxylic Acid is 0.434 relative retention time with respect to 9-anthracene Carboxylic Acid is 0.428 relative retention time with respect to 9-anthracene Carboxylic Acid is 0.430 Esculetin is an active ingredient extracted mainly from the bark of Fraxinus rhynchophylla. Esculetin inhibits platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)-induced airway smooth muscle cells (ASMCs) phenotype switching through inhibition of PI3K/Akt pathway. Esculetin has antioxidant, antiinflammatory, and antitumor activities[1]. Esculetin is an active ingredient extracted mainly from the bark of Fraxinus rhynchophylla. Esculetin inhibits platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)-induced airway smooth muscle cells (ASMCs) phenotype switching through inhibition of PI3K/Akt pathway. Esculetin has antioxidant, antiinflammatory, and antitumor activities[1]. Esculetin is an active ingredient extracted mainly from the bark of Fraxinus rhynchophylla. Esculetin inhibits platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)-induced airway smooth muscle cells (ASMCs) phenotype switching through inhibition of PI3K/Akt pathway. Esculetin has antioxidant, antiinflammatory, and antitumor activities[1].

   

Luteolin 7-O-glucuronide

Luteolin 7-O-glucuronide

C21H18O12 (462.0798228)


Luteolin 7-O-glucuronide could inhibit Matrix Metalloproteinases (MMP) activities, with IC50s of 17.63, 7.99, 11.42, 12.85, 0.03 μM for MMP-1, MMP-3, MMP-8, MMP-9, MMP-13, respectively. Luteolin 7-O-glucuronide could inhibit Matrix Metalloproteinases (MMP) activities, with IC50s of 17.63, 7.99, 11.42, 12.85, 0.03 μM for MMP-1, MMP-3, MMP-8, MMP-9, MMP-13, respectively.

   

Apigenin 7-glucuronide

Apigenin 7-O-glucuronide

C21H18O11 (446.0849078)


Apigenin 7-glucuronide is a member of the class of compounds known as flavonoid-7-o-glucuronides. Flavonoid-7-o-glucuronides are phenolic compounds containing a flavonoid moiety which is O-glycosidically linked to glucuronic acid at the C7-position. Apigenin 7-glucuronide is slightly soluble (in water) and a moderately acidic compound (based on its pKa). Apigenin 7-glucuronide can be found in common sage and dill, which makes apigenin 7-glucuronide a potential biomarker for the consumption of these food products. Apigenin-7-glucuronide could inhibit Matrix Metalloproteinases (MMP) activities, with IC50s of 12.87, 22.39, 17.52, 0.27 μM for MMP-3, MMP-8, MMP-9, MMP-13, respectively. Apigenin-7-glucuronide could inhibit Matrix Metalloproteinases (MMP) activities, with IC50s of 12.87, 22.39, 17.52, 0.27 μM for MMP-3, MMP-8, MMP-9, MMP-13, respectively.

   

Lupeol acetate

1,2,5,14,18,18-hexamethyl-8-(prop-1-en-2-yl)pentacyclo[11.8.0.0²,¹⁰.0⁵,⁹.0¹⁴,¹⁹]henicosan-17-yl acetate

C32H52O2 (468.3967092)


Lupeyl acetate, also known as lupeyl acetic acid, is a member of the class of compounds known as triterpenoids. Triterpenoids are terpene molecules containing six isoprene units. Lupeyl acetate is practically insoluble (in water) and an extremely weak basic (essentially neutral) compound (based on its pKa). Lupeyl acetate can be found in burdock, date, and fig, which makes lupeyl acetate a potential biomarker for the consumption of these food products. Lupeol acetate, a derivative of Lupeol, suppresses the progression of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) by inhibiting the activation of macrophages and osteoclastogenesis through downregulations of TNF-α, IL-1β, MCP-1, COX-2, VEGF and granzyme B[1]. Lupeol acetate, a derivative of Lupeol, suppresses the progression of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) by inhibiting the activation of macrophages and osteoclastogenesis through downregulations of TNF-α, IL-1β, MCP-1, COX-2, VEGF and granzyme B[1].

   

(1s,3ar,5as,5br,7ar,9s,11ar,11br,13bs)-1-isopropyl-3a,5a,5b,8,8,11a-hexamethyl-1h,2h,3h,4h,5h,6h,7h,7ah,9h,10h,11h,11bh,12h,13bh-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-ol

(1s,3ar,5as,5br,7ar,9s,11ar,11br,13bs)-1-isopropyl-3a,5a,5b,8,8,11a-hexamethyl-1h,2h,3h,4h,5h,6h,7h,7ah,9h,10h,11h,11bh,12h,13bh-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-ol

C30H50O (426.386145)


   

6-hydroxy-3,5a-dimethyl-2-oxo-decahydronaphtho[1,2-b]furan-9-carbaldehyde

6-hydroxy-3,5a-dimethyl-2-oxo-decahydronaphtho[1,2-b]furan-9-carbaldehyde

C15H22O4 (266.1518012)


   

6-hydroxy-9-(hydroxymethyl)-5a-methyl-3-methylidene-octahydro-3ah-naphtho[1,2-b]furan-2-one

6-hydroxy-9-(hydroxymethyl)-5a-methyl-3-methylidene-octahydro-3ah-naphtho[1,2-b]furan-2-one

C15H22O4 (266.1518012)


   

(3r,3as,5ar,6r,9s,9as,9bs)-6-hydroxy-9-(hydroxymethyl)-3,5a-dimethyl-decahydronaphtho[1,2-b]furan-2-one

(3r,3as,5ar,6r,9s,9as,9bs)-6-hydroxy-9-(hydroxymethyl)-3,5a-dimethyl-decahydronaphtho[1,2-b]furan-2-one

C15H24O4 (268.1674504)


   

6-hydroxy-5a-methyl-3-methylidene-2-oxo-octahydro-3ah-naphtho[1,2-b]furan-9-carbaldehyde

6-hydroxy-5a-methyl-3-methylidene-2-oxo-octahydro-3ah-naphtho[1,2-b]furan-9-carbaldehyde

C15H20O4 (264.13615200000004)


   

(3as,6s,6as,9bs)-6-hydroxy-6,9-dimethyl-3-methylidene-3ah,4h,5h,6ah,7h,8h,9bh-azuleno[4,5-b]furan-2-one

(3as,6s,6as,9bs)-6-hydroxy-6,9-dimethyl-3-methylidene-3ah,4h,5h,6ah,7h,8h,9bh-azuleno[4,5-b]furan-2-one

C15H20O3 (248.14123700000002)


   

(3s,4ar,6ar,6bs,8ar,12as,14ar,14br)-4,4,6a,6b,8a,11,11,14b-octamethyl-1,2,3,4a,5,6,7,8,9,10,12,12a,14,14a-tetradecahydropicen-3-ol

(3s,4ar,6ar,6bs,8ar,12as,14ar,14br)-4,4,6a,6b,8a,11,11,14b-octamethyl-1,2,3,4a,5,6,7,8,9,10,12,12a,14,14a-tetradecahydropicen-3-ol

C30H50O (426.386145)


   

(3s,3ar,5as,6r,9ar,9br)-6-hydroxy-3,5a-dimethyl-9-methylidene-octahydro-3h-naphtho[1,2-b]furan-2-one

(3s,3ar,5as,6r,9ar,9br)-6-hydroxy-3,5a-dimethyl-9-methylidene-octahydro-3h-naphtho[1,2-b]furan-2-one

C15H22O3 (250.1568862)


   

6-hydroxy-3,6,9-trimethyl-3h,3ah,4h,5h,6ah,7h,8h,9bh-azuleno[4,5-b]furan-2-one

6-hydroxy-3,6,9-trimethyl-3h,3ah,4h,5h,6ah,7h,8h,9bh-azuleno[4,5-b]furan-2-one

C15H22O3 (250.1568862)


   

(3r,3as,5ar,6r,9r,9as,9bs)-6-hydroxy-3,5a-dimethyl-2-oxo-decahydronaphtho[1,2-b]furan-9-carbaldehyde

(3r,3as,5ar,6r,9r,9as,9bs)-6-hydroxy-3,5a-dimethyl-2-oxo-decahydronaphtho[1,2-b]furan-9-carbaldehyde

C15H22O4 (266.1518012)


   

6-hydroxy-6,9-dimethyl-3-methylidene-3ah,4h,5h,6ah,7h,8h,9bh-azuleno[4,5-b]furan-2-one

6-hydroxy-6,9-dimethyl-3-methylidene-3ah,4h,5h,6ah,7h,8h,9bh-azuleno[4,5-b]furan-2-one

C15H20O3 (248.14123700000002)


   

methyl 2-[(1s,2s,4ar,5r,8s,8as)-1,5-dihydroxy-8-(hydroxymethyl)-4a-methyl-octahydro-1h-naphthalen-2-yl]prop-2-enoate

methyl 2-[(1s,2s,4ar,5r,8s,8as)-1,5-dihydroxy-8-(hydroxymethyl)-4a-methyl-octahydro-1h-naphthalen-2-yl]prop-2-enoate

C16H26O5 (298.1780146)


   

(3as,5ar,6r,9s,9as,9bs)-6-hydroxy-9-(hydroxymethyl)-5a-methyl-3-methylidene-octahydro-3ah-naphtho[1,2-b]furan-2-one

(3as,5ar,6r,9s,9as,9bs)-6-hydroxy-9-(hydroxymethyl)-5a-methyl-3-methylidene-octahydro-3ah-naphtho[1,2-b]furan-2-one

C15H22O4 (266.1518012)


   

(3r,4r,6s)-6-{[(2r,3s,4s,5r,6s)-6-{[2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5-hydroxy-4-oxochromen-7-yl]oxy}-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]methoxy}-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxane-2-carboxylic acid

(3r,4r,6s)-6-{[(2r,3s,4s,5r,6s)-6-{[2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5-hydroxy-4-oxochromen-7-yl]oxy}-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]methoxy}-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxane-2-carboxylic acid

C27H28O17 (624.1326438000001)


   

(3r,3as,6s,6as,9bs)-6-hydroxy-3,6,9-trimethyl-3h,3ah,4h,5h,6ah,7h,8h,9bh-azuleno[4,5-b]furan-2-one

(3r,3as,6s,6as,9bs)-6-hydroxy-3,6,9-trimethyl-3h,3ah,4h,5h,6ah,7h,8h,9bh-azuleno[4,5-b]furan-2-one

C15H22O3 (250.1568862)


   

(5ar,6r,9r,9as,9bs)-6-hydroxy-3,5a-dimethyl-2-oxo-decahydronaphtho[1,2-b]furan-9-carbaldehyde

(5ar,6r,9r,9as,9bs)-6-hydroxy-3,5a-dimethyl-2-oxo-decahydronaphtho[1,2-b]furan-9-carbaldehyde

C15H22O4 (266.1518012)


   

(3as,5ar,6r,9r,9as,9bs)-6-hydroxy-5a-methyl-3-methylidene-2-oxo-octahydro-3ah-naphtho[1,2-b]furan-9-carbaldehyde

(3as,5ar,6r,9r,9as,9bs)-6-hydroxy-5a-methyl-3-methylidene-2-oxo-octahydro-3ah-naphtho[1,2-b]furan-9-carbaldehyde

C15H20O4 (264.13615200000004)


   

(3r,3as,5ar,6r,9as,9bs)-6-hydroxy-3,5a-dimethyl-9-methylidene-octahydro-3h-naphtho[1,2-b]furan-2-one

(3r,3as,5ar,6r,9as,9bs)-6-hydroxy-3,5a-dimethyl-9-methylidene-octahydro-3h-naphtho[1,2-b]furan-2-one

C15H22O3 (250.1568862)


   

(3s,3as,5ar,6r,9r,9as,9bs)-6-hydroxy-3,5a-dimethyl-2-oxo-decahydronaphtho[1,2-b]furan-9-carbaldehyde

(3s,3as,5ar,6r,9r,9as,9bs)-6-hydroxy-3,5a-dimethyl-2-oxo-decahydronaphtho[1,2-b]furan-9-carbaldehyde

C15H22O4 (266.1518012)


   

6-hydroxy-9-(hydroxymethyl)-3,5a-dimethyl-decahydronaphtho[1,2-b]furan-2-one

6-hydroxy-9-(hydroxymethyl)-3,5a-dimethyl-decahydronaphtho[1,2-b]furan-2-one

C15H24O4 (268.1674504)


   

methyl 2-[1,5-dihydroxy-8-(hydroxymethyl)-4a-methyl-octahydro-1h-naphthalen-2-yl]prop-2-enoate

methyl 2-[1,5-dihydroxy-8-(hydroxymethyl)-4a-methyl-octahydro-1h-naphthalen-2-yl]prop-2-enoate

C16H26O5 (298.1780146)


   

(3ar,5ar,6r,9r,9as,9bs)-6-hydroxy-5a-methyl-3-methylidene-2-oxo-octahydro-3ah-naphtho[1,2-b]furan-9-carbaldehyde

(3ar,5ar,6r,9r,9as,9bs)-6-hydroxy-5a-methyl-3-methylidene-2-oxo-octahydro-3ah-naphtho[1,2-b]furan-9-carbaldehyde

C15H20O4 (264.13615200000004)


   

3a,5a,5b,8,8,11a-hexamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-hexadecahydrocyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl acetate

3a,5a,5b,8,8,11a-hexamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-hexadecahydrocyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl acetate

C32H52O2 (468.3967092)


   

1-isopropyl-3a,5a,5b,8,8,11a-hexamethyl-1h,2h,3h,4h,5h,6h,7h,7ah,9h,10h,11h,11bh,12h,13bh-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-ol

1-isopropyl-3a,5a,5b,8,8,11a-hexamethyl-1h,2h,3h,4h,5h,6h,7h,7ah,9h,10h,11h,11bh,12h,13bh-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-ol

C30H50O (426.386145)


   

(3s,4ar,6ar,6bs,8ar,12as,14ar,14br)-4,4,6a,6b,8a,11,11,14b-octamethyl-1,2,3,4a,5,6,7,8,9,10,12,12a,14,14a-tetradecahydropicen-3-yl acetate

(3s,4ar,6ar,6bs,8ar,12as,14ar,14br)-4,4,6a,6b,8a,11,11,14b-octamethyl-1,2,3,4a,5,6,7,8,9,10,12,12a,14,14a-tetradecahydropicen-3-yl acetate

C32H52O2 (468.3967092)


   

6-hydroxy-3,5a-dimethyl-9-methylidene-octahydro-3h-naphtho[1,2-b]furan-2-one

6-hydroxy-3,5a-dimethyl-9-methylidene-octahydro-3h-naphtho[1,2-b]furan-2-one

C15H22O3 (250.1568862)


   

(1r,3ar,5as,5br,7ar,9s,11ar,11br,13bs)-3a,5a,5b,8,8,11a-hexamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-1h,2h,3h,4h,5h,6h,7h,7ah,9h,10h,11h,11bh,12h,13bh-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-ol

(1r,3ar,5as,5br,7ar,9s,11ar,11br,13bs)-3a,5a,5b,8,8,11a-hexamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-1h,2h,3h,4h,5h,6h,7h,7ah,9h,10h,11h,11bh,12h,13bh-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-ol

C30H48O (424.37049579999996)


   

(5ar,6r,9r,9as,9bs)-6-hydroxy-9-(hydroxymethyl)-5a-methyl-3-methylidene-octahydro-3ah-naphtho[1,2-b]furan-2-one

(5ar,6r,9r,9as,9bs)-6-hydroxy-9-(hydroxymethyl)-5a-methyl-3-methylidene-octahydro-3ah-naphtho[1,2-b]furan-2-one

C15H22O4 (266.1518012)


   

(5s,5as,8bs)-5-hydroxy-3,5,8-trimethyl-3h,3ah,4h,5ah,6h,7h,8bh-indeno[4,5-b]furan-2-one

(5s,5as,8bs)-5-hydroxy-3,5,8-trimethyl-3h,3ah,4h,5ah,6h,7h,8bh-indeno[4,5-b]furan-2-one

C14H20O3 (236.14123700000002)