NCBI Taxonomy: 27885
Fellodistomidae (ncbi_taxid: 27885)
found 46 associated metabolites at family taxonomy rank level.
Ancestor: Strigeoidea
Child Taxonomies: Coomera, Oceroma, Monascus, Fellodistomum, Olssonium, Lintonium, Tergestia, Steringophorus, Proctoeces, Steringotrema, Complexobursa, Gymnotergestia, Symmetrovesicula, unclassified Fellodistomidae
Lovastatin
Lovastatin is a fatty acid ester that is mevastatin carrying an additional methyl group on the carbobicyclic skeleton. It is used in as an anticholesteremic drug and has been found in fungal species such as Aspergillus terreus and Pleurotus ostreatus (oyster mushroom). It has a role as an Aspergillus metabolite, a prodrug, an anticholesteremic drug and an antineoplastic agent. It is a polyketide, a statin (naturally occurring), a member of hexahydronaphthalenes, a delta-lactone and a fatty acid ester. It is functionally related to a (S)-2-methylbutyric acid and a mevastatin. Lovastatin, also known as the brand name product Mevacor, is a lipid-lowering drug and fungal metabolite derived synthetically from a fermentation product of Aspergillus terreus. Originally named Mevinolin, lovastatin belongs to the statin class of medications, which are used to lower the risk of cardiovascular disease and manage abnormal lipid levels by inhibiting the endogenous production of cholesterol in the liver. More specifically, statin medications competitively inhibit the enzyme hydroxymethylglutaryl-coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) Reductase, which catalyzes the conversion of HMG-CoA to mevalonic acid and is the third step in a sequence of metabolic reactions involved in the production of several compounds involved in lipid metabolism and transport including cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein (LDL) (sometimes referred to as "bad cholesterol"), and very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL). Prescribing of statin medications is considered standard practice following any cardiovascular events and for people with a moderate to high risk of development of CVD, such as those with Type 2 Diabetes. The clear evidence of the benefit of statin use coupled with very minimal side effects or long term effects has resulted in this class becoming one of the most widely prescribed medications in North America. Lovastatin and other drugs from the statin class of medications including [atorvastatin], [pravastatin], [rosuvastatin], [fluvastatin], and [simvastatin] are considered first-line options for the treatment of dyslipidemia. Increasing use of the statin class of drugs is largely due to the fact that cardiovascular disease (CVD), which includes heart attack, atherosclerosis, angina, peripheral artery disease, and stroke, has become a leading cause of death in high-income countries and a major cause of morbidity around the world. Elevated cholesterol levels, and in particular, elevated low-density lipoprotein (LDL) levels, are an important risk factor for the development of CVD. Use of statins to target and reduce LDL levels has been shown in a number of landmark studies to significantly reduce the risk of development of CVD and all-cause mortality. Statins are considered a cost-effective treatment option for CVD due to their evidence of reducing all-cause mortality including fatal and non-fatal CVD as well as the need for surgical revascularization or angioplasty following a heart attack. Evidence has shown that even for low-risk individuals (with <10\\\\% risk of a major vascular event occurring within 5 years) statins cause a 20\\\\%-22\\\\% relative reduction in major cardiovascular events (heart attack, stroke, coronary revascularization, and coronary death) for every 1 mmol/L reduction in LDL without any significant side effects or risks. While all statin medications are considered equally effective from a clinical standpoint, [rosuvastatin] is considered the most potent; doses of 10 to 40mg [rosuvastatin] per day were found in clinical studies to result in a 45.8\\\\% to 54.6\\\\% decrease in LDL cholesterol levels, while lovastatin has been found to have an average decrease in LDL-C of 25-40\\\\%. Potency is thought to correlate to tissue permeability as the more lipophilic statins such as lovastatin are thought to enter endothelial cells by passive diffusion, as opposed to hydrophilic statins such as [pravastatin] and [rosuvastatin] which are taken up into hepatocytes through OATP1B1 (org... Lovastatin is a cholesterol-lowering agent that belongs to the class of medications called statins. It was the second agent of this class discovered. It was discovered by Alfred Alberts and his team at Merck in 1978 after screening only 18 compounds over 2 weeks. The agent, also known as mevinolin, was isolated from the fungi Aspergillus terreus. Research on this compound was suddenly shut down in 1980 and the drug was not approved until 1987. Interesting, Akira Endo at Sankyo Co. (Japan) patented lovastatin isolated from Monascus ruber four months before Merck. Lovastatin was found to be 2 times more potent than its predecessor, mevastatin, the first discovered statin. Like mevastatin, lovastatin is structurally similar to hydroxymethylglutarate (HMG), a substituent of HMG-Coenzyme A (HMG-CoA), a substrate of the cholesterol biosynthesis pathway via the mevalonic acid pathway. Lovastatin is a competitive inhibitor of HMG-CoA reductase with a binding affinity 20,000 times greater than HMG-CoA. Lovastatin differs structurally from mevastatin by a single methyl group at the 6 position. Lovastatin is a prodrug that is activated by in vivo hydrolysis of the lactone ring. It, along with mevastatin, has served as one of the lead compounds for the development of the synthetic compounds used today. A fatty acid ester that is mevastatin carrying an additional methyl group on the carbobicyclic skeleton. It is used in as an anticholesteremic drug and has been found in fungal species such as Aspergillus terreus and Pleurotus ostreatus (oyster mushroom). C - Cardiovascular system > C10 - Lipid modifying agents > C10A - Lipid modifying agents, plain > C10AA - Hmg coa reductase inhibitors D057847 - Lipid Regulating Agents > D000960 - Hypolipidemic Agents > D000924 - Anticholesteremic Agents D004791 - Enzyme Inhibitors > D019161 - Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors C78276 - Agent Affecting Digestive System or Metabolism > C29703 - Antilipidemic Agent C471 - Enzyme Inhibitor > C1655 - HMG-CoA Reductase Inhibitor D009676 - Noxae > D000963 - Antimetabolites CONFIDENCE standard compound; EAWAG_UCHEM_ID 3139 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 2212 Lovastatin is a cell-permeable HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor used to lower cholesterol. Lovastatin is a cell-permeable HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor used to lower cholesterol.
Monascin
Monascin
Monascin is an organic heterotricyclic compound that is 3a,4,8,9a-tetrahydro-2H-furo[3,2-g][2]benzopyran-2,9(3H)-dione that is substituted at positions 3, 6, and 9a by hexanoyl, (1E)-prop-1-en-1-yl and methyl groups, respectively (the 3S,3aR,9aR diastereoisomer). One of the azaphilonoid pigments in extracts of Monascus pilosus-fermented rice (red-mould rice), it is a potent inhibitor of carcinogenesis measured against chemical- or UV-initiated, phorbol-promoted mouse skin tumours. It has a role as an antineoplastic agent, a PPARgamma agonist, an antilipemic drug and a fungal metabolite. It is an organic heterotricyclic compound, a gamma-lactone, an alpha,beta-unsaturated ketone and a polyketide. Monascin is a natural product found in Monascus kaoliang, Monascus purpureus, and Monascus pilosus with data available. An organic heterotricyclic compound that is 3a,4,8,9a-tetrahydro-2H-furo[3,2-g][2]benzopyran-2,9(3H)-dione that is substituted at positions 3, 6, and 9a by hexanoyl, (1E)-prop-1-en-1-yl and methyl groups, respectively (the 3S,3aR,9aR diastereoisomer). One of the azaphilonoid pigments in extracts of Monascus pilosus-fermented rice (red-mould rice), it is a potent inhibitor of carcinogenesis measured against chemical- or UV-initiated, phorbol-promoted mouse skin tumours.
Lovastatin
C - Cardiovascular system > C10 - Lipid modifying agents > C10A - Lipid modifying agents, plain > C10AA - Hmg coa reductase inhibitors D057847 - Lipid Regulating Agents > D000960 - Hypolipidemic Agents > D000924 - Anticholesteremic Agents D004791 - Enzyme Inhibitors > D019161 - Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors C78276 - Agent Affecting Digestive System or Metabolism > C29703 - Antilipidemic Agent C471 - Enzyme Inhibitor > C1655 - HMG-CoA Reductase Inhibitor CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 2212 D009676 - Noxae > D000963 - Antimetabolites relative retention time with respect to 9-anthracene Carboxylic Acid is 1.415 relative retention time with respect to 9-anthracene Carboxylic Acid is 1.416 relative retention time with respect to 9-anthracene Carboxylic Acid is 1.421 relative retention time with respect to 9-anthracene Carboxylic Acid is 1.419 Lovastatin is a cell-permeable HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor used to lower cholesterol. Lovastatin is a cell-permeable HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor used to lower cholesterol.
eudesmic acid
3,4,5-Trimethoxybenzoic acid (Eudesmic acid;Trimethylgallic Acid) is a benzoic acid derivative. A building block in medicine and organic synthesis. 3,4,5-Trimethoxybenzoic acid (Eudesmic acid;Trimethylgallic Acid) is a benzoic acid derivative. A building block in medicine and organic synthesis.
(2r)-2-[(9ar)-9a-methyl-3-octanoyl-2,9-dioxo-6-[(1e)-prop-1-en-1-yl]furo[3,2-g]isoquinolin-7-yl]propanoic acid
4-(2-hydroxypropan-2-yl)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzopyran-4-carboximidic acid
9-hexanoyl-6a-methyl-3-[(1e)-prop-1-en-1-yl]-9h,9ah-furo[2,3-h]isochromene-6,8-dione
(2s)-2-[(9ar)-3-hexanoyl-9a-methyl-2,9-dioxo-6-[(1e)-prop-1-en-1-yl]furo[3,2-g]isoquinolin-7-yl]propanoic acid
C24H27NO6 (425.18382820000005)
(2s)-2-[(9ar)-9a-methyl-3-octanoyl-2,9-dioxo-6-[(1e)-prop-1-en-1-yl]furo[3,2-g]isoquinolin-7-yl]butanedioic acid
2-[3-hexanoyl-9a-methyl-2,9-dioxo-6-(prop-1-en-1-yl)furo[3,2-g]isoquinolin-7-yl]butanedioic acid
C25H27NO8 (469.17365820000003)
(2r)-2-[(9ar)-9a-methyl-3-octanoyl-2,9-dioxo-6-[(1e)-prop-1-en-1-yl]furo[3,2-g]isoquinolin-7-yl]butanedioic acid
2-[3-hexanoyl-9a-methyl-2,9-dioxo-6-(prop-1-en-1-yl)furo[3,2-g]isoquinolin-7-yl]propanoic acid
C24H27NO6 (425.18382820000005)
6a-methyl-9-octanoyl-3-(prop-1-en-1-yl)-9h,9ah-furo[2,3-h]isochromene-6,8-dione
9-hexanoyl-6a-methyl-3-(prop-1-en-1-yl)-9h,9ah-furo[2,3-h]isochromene-6,8-dione
(2s)-2-[(9ar)-9a-methyl-3-octanoyl-2,9-dioxo-6-[(1e)-prop-1-en-1-yl]furo[3,2-g]isoquinolin-7-yl]propanoic acid
6a-methyl-9-octanoyl-3-[(1e)-prop-1-en-1-yl]-9h,9ah-furo[2,3-h]isochromene-6,8-dione
2-[9a-methyl-3-octanoyl-2,9-dioxo-6-(prop-1-en-1-yl)furo[3,2-g]isoquinolin-7-yl]propanoic acid
(2r)-2-[(9ar)-3-hexanoyl-9a-methyl-2,9-dioxo-6-[(1e)-prop-1-en-1-yl]furo[3,2-g]isoquinolin-7-yl]propanoic acid
C24H27NO6 (425.18382820000005)
(2r)-2-[(9ar)-3-hexanoyl-9a-methyl-2,9-dioxo-6-[(1e)-prop-1-en-1-yl]furo[3,2-g]isoquinolin-7-yl]butanedioic acid
C25H27NO8 (469.17365820000003)
(2s)-2-[(9ar)-3-hexanoyl-9a-methyl-2,9-dioxo-6-[(1e)-prop-1-en-1-yl]furo[3,2-g]isoquinolin-7-yl]butanedioic acid
C25H27NO8 (469.17365820000003)