Exact Mass: 372.2854

Finasteride

(1S,2R,7R,10S,11S,14S,15S)-N-tert-butyl-2,15-dimethyl-5-oxo-6-azatetracyclo[8.7.0.0^{2,7}.0^{11,15}]heptadec-3-ene-14-carboxamide

C23H36N2O2 (372.2777)

Finasteride is only found in individuals that have used or taken this drug. Finasteride is an androgen antagonist. It is an orally active testosterone 5-alpha-reductase inhibitor. Finasteride is one of the currently available pharmacologic treatment modalities with proven efficacy for treatment of androgenetic alopecia. The mechanism of action has not been fully determined, but finasteride has shown to decrease scalp DHT concentration to the levels found in hairy scalp, reduce serum DHT, increase hair regrowth, and slow hair loss. Androgenetic alopecia (AGA), or male pattern hair loss, affects approximately 50\\% of the male population. AGA is an androgen-related condition in genetically predisposed individuals. There is no treatment to completely reverse AGA in advanced stages, but with medical treatment (e.g. finasteride), the progression can be arrested and partly reversed in the majority of patients who have mild to moderate AGA. Finasteride is also used as a surgical alternative for treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia (PubChem). The mechanism of action of finasteride is based on its preferential inhibition of type II 5alpha-reductase through the formation of a stable complex with the enzyme. Inhibition of type II 5alpha-reductase blocks the peripheral conversion of testosterone to DHT (resulting in significant decreases in serum and tissue DHT concentrations), minimal to moderate increase in serum testosterone concentrations, and substantial increases in prostatic testosterone concentrations. As DHT appears to be the principal androgen responsible for stimulation of prostatic growth, a decrease in DHT concentrations will result in a decrease in prostatic volume (approximately 20-30\\% after 6-24 months of continued therapy). Finasteride may increase the sensitivity of prostate specific antigen to detect prostate cancer. At present, finasteride remains the only intervention shown in long-term prospective phase III clinical trials to reduce the incidence of prostate cancer (PMID: 18044109, 17543725, 17414641, 17415094, 17394699). Finasteride is an androgen antagonist. Finasteride is one of the currently available pharmacologic treatment modalities with proven efficacy for treatment of androgenetic alopecia. Androgenetic alopecia (AGA), or male pattern hair loss, affects approximately 50\\% of the male population. AGA is an androgen-related condition in genetically predisposed individuals. There is no treatment to completely reverse AGA in advanced stages, but with medical treatment (e.g., finasteride), the progression can be arrested and partly reversed in the majority of patients who have mild to moderate AGA. Finasteride may increase the sensitivity of prostate specific antigen to detect prostate cancer. At present, finasteride remains the only intervention shown in long-term prospective phase III clinical trials to reduce the incidence of prostate cancer. (PMID: 18044109, 17543725, 17414641, 17415094, 17394699) [HMDB] G - Genito urinary system and sex hormones > G04 - Urologicals > G04C - Drugs used in benign prostatic hypertrophy > G04CB - Testosterone-5-alpha reductase inhibitors D006730 - Hormones, Hormone Substitutes, and Hormone Antagonists > D006727 - Hormone Antagonists > D065088 - Steroid Synthesis Inhibitors D004791 - Enzyme Inhibitors > D065088 - Steroid Synthesis Inhibitors > D058891 - 5-alpha Reductase Inhibitors C147908 - Hormone Therapy Agent > C547 - Hormone Antagonist > C242 - Anti-Androgen D000089162 - Genitourinary Agents > D064804 - Urological Agents C471 - Enzyme Inhibitor > C2319 - 5 Alpha-Reductase Inhibitor C1892 - Chemopreventive Agent D - Dermatologicals

Gentian Violet

4-{bis[4-(dimethylamino)phenyl]methylidene}-N,N-dimethylcyclohexa-2,5-dien-1-iminium

C25H30N3+ (372.244)

Gentian Violet is only found in individuals that have used or taken this drug. It is a dye that is a mixture of violet rosanilinis with antibacterial, antifungal, and anthelmintic properties. [PubChem]In aqueous solutions Gentian violet (GV) dissociates into positive (GV+)and negative ions (Cl-) that penetrate through the wall and membrane of both gram-positive and gram-negative bacterial cells. The GV+ interacts with negatively charged components of bacterial cells including the lipopolysaccharide (on the cell wall), the peptidoglycan and DNA. A similar cell penetration and DNA binding process is thought to take place for fungal cells as well. Because Gentian violet is a mutagen and mitotic poison, cell growth is consequently inhibited. A photodynamic action of gentian violet, apparently mediated by a free-radical mechanism, has recently been described in bacteria and in the protozoan T. cruzi. Evidence also suggests that gentian violet dissipates the bacterial (and mitochondrial) membrane potential by inducing permeability. This is followed by respiratory inhibition. This anti-mitochondrial activity might explain gentian violets efficacy towards both bacteria and yeast with relatively mild effects on mammalian cells.

MG(i-19:0/0:0/0:0)

(2R)-2,3-dihydroxypropyl 17-methyloctadecanoate

MG(i-19:0/0:0/0:0) belongs to the family of monoradyglycerols, which are glycerolipids lipids containing a common glycerol backbone to which at one fatty acyl group is attached. Their general formula is [R1]OCC(CO[R2])O[R3]. MG(i-19:0/0:0/0:0) is made up of one 17-methyloctadecanoyl(R1).

(3R, 6'Z)-3,4-Dihydro-8-hydroxy-3-(6-pentadecenyl)-1H-2-benzopyran-1-one

8-hydroxy-3-[(6E)-pentadec-6-en-1-yl]-3,4-dihydro-1H-2-benzopyran-1-one

(3R, 6Z)-3,4-Dihydro-8-hydroxy-3-(6-pentadecenyl)-1H-2-benzopyran-1-one is found in fats and oils. (3R, 6Z)-3,4-Dihydro-8-hydroxy-3-(6-pentadecenyl)-1H-2-benzopyran-1-one is a constituent of the fruit of Ginkgo biloba (ginkgo). Constituent of the fruit of Ginkgo biloba (ginkgo). (3R, 6Z)-3,4-Dihydro-8-hydroxy-3-(6-pentadecenyl)-1H-2-benzopyran-1-one is found in fats and oils and herbs and spices.

5-(10,13-Nonadecadienyl)-1,3-benzenediol

5-[(10E,13E)-nonadeca-10,13-dien-1-yl]benzene-1,3-diol

C25H40O2 (372.3028)

5-(10,13-Nonadecadienyl)-1,3-benzenediol is found in cereals and cereal products. 5-(10,13-Nonadecadienyl)-1,3-benzenediol is a constituent of wheat and rye flour. Constituent of wheat and rye flour. 5-(10,13-Nonadecadienyl)-1,3-benzenediol is found in cereals and cereal products.

Nabilone

(6aR,10aR)-1-hydroxy-6,6-dimethyl-3-(2-methyloctan-2-yl)-6H,6aH,7H,8H,9H,10H,10aH-benzo[c]isochromen-9-one

Nabilone is a synthetic cannabinoid with therapeutic use as an antiemetic and as an adjunct analgesic for neuropathic pain. It is a synthetic cannabinoid, which mimics the main ingredient of marijuana (THC) but it has more predictable side effects and causes no or minimal euphoria. Nabilone is not derived from the cannabis plant as is dronabinol. In Canada, the United States, the United Kingdom and Mexico, nabilone is marketed as Cesamet. It was approved in 1985 by the United States FDA for treatment of chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting that has not responded to conventional antiemetics. Though it was approved by the FDA in 1985, the drug only began marketing in the United States in 2006. It is also approved for use in treatment of anorexia and weight loss in patients with AIDS. Although it doesnt have the official indication (except in Mexico), nabilone is widely used as an adjunct therapy for chronic pain management. Numerous trials and case studies have demonstrate various benefits for condition such as fibromyalgia and multiple scerosis. Nabilone is a racemate consisting of the (S,S) and the (R,R) isomers (trans). A - Alimentary tract and metabolism > A04 - Antiemetics and antinauseants > A04A - Antiemetics and antinauseants D002492 - Central Nervous System Depressants > D014149 - Tranquilizing Agents > D014151 - Anti-Anxiety Agents D002491 - Central Nervous System Agents > D011619 - Psychotropic Drugs > D014149 - Tranquilizing Agents D002491 - Central Nervous System Agents > D002492 - Central Nervous System Depressants D018373 - Peripheral Nervous System Agents > D001337 - Autonomic Agents C78272 - Agent Affecting Nervous System > C267 - Antiemetic Agent D005765 - Gastrointestinal Agents > D000932 - Antiemetics

Cervonoyl ethanolamide

2-Hydroxyethyl (7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z)-docosa-4,7,10,13,16,19-hexaenoic acid

Cervonoyl ethanolamide is a N-acylethanolamine. N-acylethanolamines (NAEs) constitute a class of lipid compounds naturally present in both animal and plant membranes as constituents of the membrane-bound phospholipid, N-acylphosphatidylethanolamine (NAPE). NAPE is composed of a third fatty acid moiety linked to the amino head group of the commonly occurring membrane phospholipid, phosphatidylethanolamine. NAEs are released from NAPE by phospholipase D-type hydrolases in response to a variety of stimuli. Transient NAE release and accumulation has been attributed a variety of biological activities, including neurotransmission, membrane protection, and immunomodulation in animals. N-oleoylethanolamine is an inhibitor of the sphingolipid signaling pathway, via specific ceramidase inhibition (ceramidase converts ceramide to sphingosine). N-oleoylethanolamine blocks the effects of TNF- and arachidonic acid on intracellular Ca concentration. (PMID: 12692337, 12056855, 12560208, 11997249) [HMDB] Cervonoyl ethanolamide is a N-acylethanolamine. N-acylethanolamines (NAEs) constitute a class of lipid compounds naturally present in both animal and plant membranes as constituents of the membrane-bound phospholipid, N-acylphosphatidylethanolamine (NAPE). NAPE is composed of a third fatty acid moiety linked to the amino head group of the commonly occurring membrane phospholipid, phosphatidylethanolamine. NAEs are released from NAPE by phospholipase D-type hydrolases in response to a variety of stimuli. Transient NAE release and accumulation has been attributed a variety of biological activities, including neurotransmission, membrane protection, and immunomodulation in animals. N-oleoylethanolamine is an inhibitor of the sphingolipid signaling pathway, via specific ceramidase inhibition (ceramidase converts ceramide to sphingosine). N-oleoylethanolamine blocks the effects of TNF- and arachidonic acid on intracellular Ca concentration. (PMID: 12692337, 12056855, 12560208, 11997249).

1-Phenyl-1,3-nonadecanedione

1-phenylnonadecane-1,3-dione

C25H40O2 (372.3028)

1-Phenyl-1,3-nonadecanedione is found in fats and oils. 1-Phenyl-1,3-nonadecanedione is a constituent of the pollen of Helianthus annuus (sunflower) Constituent of the pollen of Helianthus annuus (sunflower). 1-Phenyl-1,3-nonadecanedione is found in fats and oils.

MG(19:0/0:0/0:0)

(2R)-2,3-dihydroxypropyl nonadecanoate

MG(19:0/0:0/0:0) belongs to the family of monoradyglycerols, which are glycerolipids lipids containing a common glycerol backbone to which at one fatty acyl group is attached. Their general formula is [R1]OCC(CO[R2])O[R3]. MG(19:0/0:0/0:0) is made up of one nonadecanoyl(R1).

MG(0:0/19:0/0:0)

1,3-dihydroxypropan-2-yl nonadecanoate

MG(0:0/19:0/0:0) belongs to the family of monoradyglycerols, which are glycerolipids lipids containing a common glycerol backbone to which at one fatty acyl group is attached. Their general formula is [R1]OCC(CO[R2])O[R3]. MG(0:0/19:0/0:0) is made up of one nonadecanoyl(R2).

MG(0:0/i-19:0/0:0)

1,3-dihydroxypropan-2-yl 17-methyloctadecanoate

MG(0:0/i-19:0/0:0) belongs to the family of monoradyglycerols, which are glycerolipids lipids containing a common glycerol backbone to which at one fatty acyl group is attached. Their general formula is [R1]OCC(CO[R2])O[R3]. MG(0:0/i-19:0/0:0) is made up of one 17-methyloctadecanoyl(R2).

DG(8:0/10:0/0:0)

[(2S)-1-hydroxy-3-octanoyloxypropan-2-yl] decanoate

DG(8:0/10:0/0:0) belongs to the family of Diacylglycerols. These are glycerolipids lipids containing a common glycerol backbone to which at least one fatty acyl group is esterified. DG(8:0/10:0/0:0) is also a substrate of diacylglycerol kinase. It is involved in the phospholipid metabolic pathway.

DG(8:0/0:0/10:0)

[(2R)-2-hydroxy-3-octanoyloxypropyl] decanoate

DG(8:0/0:0/10:0) belongs to the family of Diacylglycerols. These are glycerolipids lipids containing a common glycerol backbone to which at least one fatty acyl group is esterified. It is involved in the phospholipid metabolic pathway.

DG(10:0/8:0/0:0)

(2S)-3-hydroxy-2-(octanoyloxy)propyl decanoate

DG(10:0/8:0/0:0) belongs to the family of Diacylglycerols. These are glycerolipids lipids containing a common glycerol backbone to which at least one fatty acyl group is esterified. DG(10:0/8:0/0:0) is also a substrate of diacylglycerol kinase. It is involved in the phospholipid metabolic pathway.

DG(10:0/0:0/8:0)

(2S)-2-hydroxy-3-(octanoyloxy)propyl decanoate

DG(10:0/0:0/8:0) belongs to the family of Diacylglycerols. These are glycerolipids lipids containing a common glycerol backbone to which at least one fatty acyl group is esterified. It is involved in the phospholipid metabolic pathway.

Cesamet

1-hydroxy-6,6-dimethyl-3-(2-methyloctan-2-yl)-6H,6aH,7H,8H,9H,10H,10aH-benzo[c]isochromen-9-one

Anemarsaponin BIII