Classification Term: 368

Benzodiazepines (ontology term: CHEMONTID:0000295)

Organic compounds containing a benzene ring fused to either isomers of diazepine(unsaturated seven-member heterocycle with two nitrogen atoms replacing two carbon atoms)." [PMID:12875231]

found 22 associated metabolites at class metabolite taxonomy ontology rank level.

Ancestor: Organoheterocyclic compounds

Child Taxonomies: Dibenzodiazepines , 1,4-benzodiazepines , Pyrrolo[1,2-c][1,3]benzodiazepines

Olanzapine

5-methyl-8-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-4-thia-2,9-diazatricyclo[8.4.0.0³,⁷]tetradeca-1(14),3(7),5,8,10,12-hexaene

C17H20N4S (312.1409)

Olanzapine was the third atypical antipsychotic to gain approval by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and has become one of the most commonly used atypical antipsychotics. Olanzapine has been approved by the FDA for the treatment of schizophrenia, acute mania in bipolar disorder, agitation associated with schizophrenia and bipolar disorder, and as maintenance treatment in bipolar disorder and psychotic depression. It has also been established in treating depression off-label because of its mood-stabilizing properties and its ability to increase the efficacy of antidepressants. Olanzapine is manufactured and marketed by the pharmaceutical company Eli Lilly and Company. It is available as a pill that comes in the strengths of 2.5 mg, 5 mg, 7.5 mg, 10 mg, 15 mg, and 20 mg and as as Zydis orally disintegrating tablets in the strengths of 5 mg, 10 mg, 15 mg, and 20 mg. It is also available as a rapid-acting intramuscular injection for short term acute use. Olanzapine (oh-LAN-za-peen, sold as Zyprexa, Zydis, or in combination with fluoxetine, as Symbyax) was the third atypical antipsychotic to gain approval by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and has become one of the most commonly used atypical antipsychotics. Olanzapine has been approved by the FDA for the treatment of schizophrenia, acute mania in bipolar disorder, agitation associated with schizophrenia and bipolar disorder, and as maintenance treatment in bipolar disorder and psychotic depression. Olanzapine was the third atypical antipsychotic to gain approval by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and has become one of the most commonly used atypical antipsychotics. Olanzapine has been approved by the FDA for the treatment of schizophrenia, acute mania in bipolar disorder, agitation associated with schizophrenia and bipolar disorder, and as maintenance treatment in bipolar disorder and psychotic depression. N - Nervous system > N05 - Psycholeptics > N05A - Antipsychotics > N05AH - Diazepines, oxazepines, thiazepines and oxepines D018377 - Neurotransmitter Agents > D018490 - Serotonin Agents > D017367 - Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors D002492 - Central Nervous System Depressants > D014149 - Tranquilizing Agents > D014150 - Antipsychotic Agents D002491 - Central Nervous System Agents > D011619 - Psychotropic Drugs > D014149 - Tranquilizing Agents D002491 - Central Nervous System Agents > D002492 - Central Nervous System Depressants D018377 - Neurotransmitter Agents > D014179 - Neurotransmitter Uptake Inhibitors D018373 - Peripheral Nervous System Agents > D001337 - Autonomic Agents C78272 - Agent Affecting Nervous System > C29710 - Antipsychotic Agent D005765 - Gastrointestinal Agents > D000932 - Antiemetics CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 1517 D049990 - Membrane Transport Modulators Olanzapine (LY170053) is a selective, orally active monoaminergic antagonist with high affinity binding to serotonin H1, 5HT2A/2C, 5HT3, 5HT6 (Ki=7, 4, 11, 57, and 5 nM, respectively), dopamine D1-4 (Ki=11 to 31 nM), muscarinic M1-5 (Ki=1.9-25 nM), and adrenergic α1 receptor (Ki=19 nM). Olanzapine is an atypical antipsychotic[1][2].

4-(8-Methyl-9H-1,3-dioxolo(4,5-h)(2,3)benzodiazepin-5-yl)benzenamine

4-{13-methyl-4,6-dioxa-11,12-diazatricyclo[7.5.0.0³,⁷]tetradeca-1,3(7),8,10,12-pentaen-10-yl}aniline

C17H15N3O2 (293.1164)

D018377 - Neurotransmitter Agents > D018683 - Excitatory Amino Acid Agents > D018691 - Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists D018373 - Peripheral Nervous System Agents > D009465 - Neuromuscular Agents D002491 - Central Nervous System Agents > D018696 - Neuroprotective Agents D002491 - Central Nervous System Agents > D000927 - Anticonvulsants D020011 - Protective Agents

Tofisopam

1-(3,4-Dimethoxyphenyl)-5-ethyl-7,8-dimethoxy-4-methyl-5H-2,3-benzodiazepine

C22H26N2O4 (382.1892)

Tofisopam (marketed under brand names Emandaxin and Grandaxin) is a 2,3-benzodiazepine drug which is a benzodiazepine derivative. In contrast to classical 1,4-benzodiazepines, the compound does not bind to the benzodiazepine binding site of the gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor and its psychopharmacological profile differs from such compounds. Although Tofisopam is not approved for sale in North America, it is approved for use in various countries worldwide, including parts of Europe. The D-enantiomer (dextofisopam) is currently in phase II trials in the U.S. for the treatment of irritable bowel syndrome. D002491 - Central Nervous System Agents > D011619 - Psychotropic Drugs > D000928 - Antidepressive Agents N - Nervous system > N05 - Psycholeptics > N05B - Anxiolytics > N05BA - Benzodiazepine derivatives C78272 - Agent Affecting Nervous System > C28197 - Antianxiety Agent

norclobazam

8-chloro-4-hydroxy-1-phenyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-1,5-benzodiazepin-2-one

C15H11ClN2O2 (286.0509)

norclobazam is a metabolite of clobazam. Clobazam (marketed under the brand names Frisium, Urbanol and Onfi), is a drug which is a benzodiazepine derivative. It has been marketed as an anxiolytic since 1975 and an anticonvulsant since 1984. (Wikipedia) D002491 - Central Nervous System Agents > D000927 - Anticonvulsants

Clobazam

1-Phenyl-5-methyl-8-chloro-1,2,4,5- tetrahydro-2,4-diketo-3H-1,5-benzodiazepine

C16H13ClN2O2 (300.0666)

Clobazam is only found in individuals that have used or taken this drug. It is a drug which is a benzodiazepine derivative. It has been marketed as an anxiolytic since 1975 and an anticonvulsant since 1984. [Wikipedia]Clobazam binds at a distinct binding site associated with a Cl^- ionopore at the GABA-A receptor, increasing the duration of time for which the Cl^- ionopore is open. The post-synaptic inhibitory effect of GABA in the thalamus is prolonged as a result. D002492 - Central Nervous System Depressants > D014149 - Tranquilizing Agents > D014151 - Anti-Anxiety Agents D002491 - Central Nervous System Agents > D011619 - Psychotropic Drugs > D014149 - Tranquilizing Agents N - Nervous system > N05 - Psycholeptics > N05B - Anxiolytics > N05BA - Benzodiazepine derivatives D002491 - Central Nervous System Agents > D002492 - Central Nervous System Depressants D018377 - Neurotransmitter Agents > D018682 - GABA Agents > D018755 - GABA Agonists C78272 - Agent Affecting Nervous System > C28197 - Antianxiety Agent D002491 - Central Nervous System Agents > D000927 - Anticonvulsants

4'-Hydroxyclobazam

7-chloro-5-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-1-methyl-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1H-1,5-benzodiazepine-2,4-dione

C16H13ClN2O3 (316.0615)

4-Hydroxyclobazam is a metabolite of clobazam. Clobazam (marketed under the brand names Frisium, Urbanol and Onfi), is a drug which is a benzodiazepine derivative. It has been marketed as an anxiolytic since 1975 and an anticonvulsant since 1984. (Wikipedia)

N-Desmethyl Olanzapine

5-methyl-8-(piperazin-1-yl)-4-thia-2,9-diazatricyclo[8.4.0.0³,⁷]tetradeca-1(14),3(7),5,8,10,12-hexaene

C16H18N4S (298.1252)

4-N-desmethylolanzapine is a metabolite of olanzapine. Olanzapine (trade name Zyprexa or in combination with fluoxetine Symbyax) is an atypical antipsychotic, approved by the FDA for the treatment of schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. Olanzapine is structurally similar to clozapine, but is classified as a thienobenzodiazepine. The olanzapine formulations are manufactured and marketed by the pharmaceutical company Eli Lilly and Company; the drug went generic in 2011. Sales of Zyprexa in 2008 were $2.2B in the US alone, and $4.7B in total. (Wikipedia)