Classification Term: 170007
醛糖类 (ontology term: 904353e135e13119b805e740c1dc8ef6)
found 4 associated metabolites at no_class-level_20 metabolite taxonomy ontology rank level.
Ancestor: 单糖
Child Taxonomies: There is no child term of current ontology term.
Glucose
D-Galactose (CAS: 59-23-4) is an aldohexose that occurs naturally in the D-form in lactose, cerebrosides, gangliosides, and mucoproteins. D-Galactose is an energy-providing nutrient and also a necessary basic substrate for the biosynthesis of many macromolecules in the body. Metabolic pathways for D-galactose are important not only for the provision of these pathways but also for the prevention of D-galactose metabolite accumulation. The main source of D-galactose is lactose in the milk of mammals, but it can also be found in some fruits and vegetables. Utilization of D-galactose in all living cells is initiated by the phosphorylation of the hexose by the enzyme galactokinase (E.C. 2.7.1.6) (GALK) to form D-galactose-1-phosphate. In the presence of D-galactose-1-phosphate uridyltransferase (E.C. 2.7.7.12) (GALT) D-galactose-1-phosphate is exchanged with glucose-1-phosphate in UDP-glucose to form UDP-galactose. Glucose-1-phosphate will then enter the glycolytic pathway for energy production. Deficiency of the enzyme GALT in galactosemic patients leads to the accumulation of D-galactose-1-phosphate. Classic galactosemia, a term that denotes the presence of D-galactose in the blood, is the rare inborn error of D-galactose metabolism, diagnosed by the deficiency of the second enzyme of the D-galactose assimilation pathway, GALT, which, in turn, is caused by mutations at the GALT gene (PMID: 15256214, 11020650, 10408771). Galactose in the urine is a biomarker for the consumption of milk. Alpha-D-Pyranose-form of the compound Galactose [CCD]. alpha-D-Galactose is found in many foods, some of which are kelp, fig, spelt, and rape. Galactose. CAS Common Chemistry. CAS, a division of the American Chemical Society, n.d. https://commonchemistry.cas.org/detail?cas_rn=59-23-4 (retrieved 2024-07-16) (CAS RN: 59-23-4). Licensed under the Attribution-Noncommercial 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC 4.0).
Glyceraldehyde
Glyceraldehyde is a triose monosaccharide with chemical formula C3H6O3. It is the simplest of all common aldoses. It is a sweet, colourless crystalline solid that is an intermediate compound in carbohydrate metabolism. The word "glyceraldehyde" comes from combining glycerine and aldehyde, as glyceraldehyde is merely glycerine with one hydroxide changed to an aldehyde. Glyceraldehyde is produced from the action of the enzyme glyceraldehyde dehydrogenase, which converts glycerol to glyceraldehyde using NADP as a cofactor. When present at sufficiently high levels, glyceraldehyde can be a cytotoxin and a mutagen. A cytotoxin is a compound that kills cells. A mutagen is a compound that causes mutations in DNA. Glyceraldehyde is a highly reactive compound that can modify and cross-link proteins. Glyceraldehyde-modified proteins appear to be cytotoxic, depress intracellular glutathione levels, and induce reactive oxygen species (ROS) production (PMID:14981296). Glyceraldehyde has been shown to cause chromosome damage to human cells in culture and is mutagenic in the Ames bacterial test. Glyceraldehyde is a triose monosaccharide with chemical formula C3H6O3. It is the simplest of all common aldoses. It is a sweet colorless crystalline solid that is an intermediate compound in carbohydrate metabolism. The word comes from combining glycerine and aldehyde, as glyceraldehyde is merely glycerine with one hydroxide changed to an aldehyde. [HMDB] DL-Glyceraldehyde is a monosaccharide. DL-Glyceraldehyde is the simplest aldose. DL-Glyceraldehyde can be used for various biochemical studies[1].
L-Lyxose
Aldehydo-L-lyxose is an L-lyxose in open-chain aldehyde form. It is an enantiomer of an aldehydo-D-lyxose. L-Lyxose is a metabolite found in or produced by Escherichia coli (strain K12, MG1655). L-Lyxose is a rare pentose sugar, which means it is a five-carbon sugar. It is classified as an aldopentose due to the presence of an aldehyde group on its first carbon. The “L” in L-Lyxose indicates its stereochemistry, specifically referring to the orientation of hydroxyl groups around the third and fourth carbons in the sugar ring. In L-Lyxose, the hydroxyl group on the third carbon is on the left side, and the one on the fourth carbon is on the right side, when the molecule is drawn in a standard Fischer projection. L-Lyxose is not commonly found in nature and does not play a significant role in biological systems like more common sugars such as glucose or fructose. However, it is of interest in the field of carbohydrate chemistry and biochemistry for its unique properties and potential applications in research and industry. It can be synthesized in the laboratory and is sometimes used in the study of carbohydrate metabolism and in the development of new biotechnological processes. L-Lyxose. CAS Common Chemistry. CAS, a division of the American Chemical Society, n.d. https://commonchemistry.cas.org/detail?cas_rn=1949-78-6 (retrieved 2024-10-08) (CAS RN: 1949-78-6). Licensed under the Attribution-Noncommercial 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC 4.0).
