NCBI Taxonomy: 69889

Gymnoascus (ncbi_taxid: 69889)

found 36 associated metabolites at genus taxonomy rank level.

Ancestor: Gymnoascaceae

Child Taxonomies: Gymnoascus arxii, Gymnoascus reessii, Gymnoascus uncinatus, Gymnoascus halophilus, Gymnoascus desertorum, Gymnoascus exasperatus, Gymnoascus intermedius, Gymnoascus dugwayensis, Gymnoascus longitrichus, unclassified Gymnoascus, Gymnoascus marginosporus

Patulin

(2,4-Dihydroxy-2H-pyran-3(6H)-ylidene)acetic acid, 3,4-lactone

C7H6O4 (154.0266)


Patulin is found in pomes. Mycotoxin, found as a contaminant of foods, e.g. apple juice. Sometimes detd. in apple juice Patulin is a mycotoxin produced by a variety of molds, particularly Aspergillus and Penicillium. It is commonly found in rotting apples, and the amount of patulin in apple products is generally viewed as a measure of the quality of the apples used in production. It is not a particularly potent toxin, but a number of studies have shown that it is genotoxic, which has led to some theories that it may be a carcinogen, though animal studies have remained inconclusive. Patulin is also an antibiotic. Several countries have instituted patulin restrictions in apple products. The World Health Organization recommends a maximum concentration of 50 µg/L in apple juice Mycotoxin, found as a contaminant of foods, e.g. apple juice. Sometimes detd. in apple juice D009676 - Noxae > D011042 - Poisons > D009183 - Mycotoxins D009676 - Noxae > D009153 - Mutagens Patulin (Terinin) is a mycotoxin produced by fungi including the Aspergillus, Penicillium, and Byssochlamys species, is suspected to be clastogenic, mutagenic, teratogenic and cytotoxic. Patulin induces autophagy-dependent apoptosis through lysosomal-mitochondrial axis, and causes DNA damage[1][2][3][4].

   

Islandicin

Funiculosin

C15H10O5 (270.0528)


   

patulin

4-hydroxy-4,6-dihydrofuro[3,2-c]pyran-2-one

C7H6O4 (154.0266)


D009676 - Noxae > D011042 - Poisons > D009183 - Mycotoxins CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 5971 D009676 - Noxae > D009153 - Mutagens CONFIDENCE Reference Standard (Level 1) Patulin (Terinin) is a mycotoxin produced by fungi including the Aspergillus, Penicillium, and Byssochlamys species, is suspected to be clastogenic, mutagenic, teratogenic and cytotoxic. Patulin induces autophagy-dependent apoptosis through lysosomal-mitochondrial axis, and causes DNA damage[1][2][3][4].

   

(1s,4e,7s,9r)-6-hydroxy-9-(2-methylbut-3-en-2-yl)-4-{[5-(2-methylbut-3-en-2-yl)-1h-imidazol-4-yl]methylidene}-2,5,16-triazatetracyclo[7.7.0.0²,⁷.0¹⁰,¹⁵]hexadeca-5,10,12,14-tetraen-3-one

(1s,4e,7s,9r)-6-hydroxy-9-(2-methylbut-3-en-2-yl)-4-{[5-(2-methylbut-3-en-2-yl)-1h-imidazol-4-yl]methylidene}-2,5,16-triazatetracyclo[7.7.0.0²,⁷.0¹⁰,¹⁵]hexadeca-5,10,12,14-tetraen-3-one

C27H31N5O2 (457.2478)


   

6-[9-(3-chloro-1h-pyrrol-2-yl)nona-2,4,6,8-tetraen-2-yl]-4-methoxy-3-methylpyran-2-one

6-[9-(3-chloro-1h-pyrrol-2-yl)nona-2,4,6,8-tetraen-2-yl]-4-methoxy-3-methylpyran-2-one

C20H20ClNO3 (357.1132)


   

n-[(3r,4r,5s,6r)-2-{[(3r,6s)-2-[(4e,8e)-10-[(2s,3r,6s)-3-{[(2r,3r,4r,5s,6r)-4,5-dihydroxy-3-[(1-hydroxyethylidene)amino]-6-(methoxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy}-6-(2-hydroxypropan-2-yl)-3-methyloxan-2-yl]-4,9-dimethyldeca-4,8-dien-1-yl]-6-(2-hydroxypropan-2-yl)-3-methyloxan-3-yl]oxy}-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(methoxymethyl)oxan-3-yl]ethanimidic acid

n-[(3r,4r,5s,6r)-2-{[(3r,6s)-2-[(4e,8e)-10-[(2s,3r,6s)-3-{[(2r,3r,4r,5s,6r)-4,5-dihydroxy-3-[(1-hydroxyethylidene)amino]-6-(methoxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy}-6-(2-hydroxypropan-2-yl)-3-methyloxan-2-yl]-4,9-dimethyldeca-4,8-dien-1-yl]-6-(2-hydroxypropan-2-yl)-3-methyloxan-3-yl]oxy}-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(methoxymethyl)oxan-3-yl]ethanimidic acid

C48H84N2O16 (944.5821)


   

6-[9-(furan-2-yl)nona-2,4,6,8-tetraen-2-yl]-4-methoxy-3-methylpyran-2-one

6-[9-(furan-2-yl)nona-2,4,6,8-tetraen-2-yl]-4-methoxy-3-methylpyran-2-one

C20H20O4 (324.1362)


   

methyl 4-oxo-2-(1h-pyrrol-2-yl)-1h-quinoline-3-carboxylate

methyl 4-oxo-2-(1h-pyrrol-2-yl)-1h-quinoline-3-carboxylate

C15H12N2O3 (268.0848)


   

(5s)-4-[hydroxy(phenyl)methyl]-5-methoxy-3-phenyl-5h-furan-2-one

(5s)-4-[hydroxy(phenyl)methyl]-5-methoxy-3-phenyl-5h-furan-2-one

C18H16O4 (296.1049)


   

6-hydroxy-4-(1h-imidazol-4-ylmethylidene)-9-(2-methylbut-3-en-2-yl)-2,5,16-triazatetracyclo[7.7.0.0²,⁷.0¹⁰,¹⁵]hexadeca-5,10,12,14-tetraen-3-one

6-hydroxy-4-(1h-imidazol-4-ylmethylidene)-9-(2-methylbut-3-en-2-yl)-2,5,16-triazatetracyclo[7.7.0.0²,⁷.0¹⁰,¹⁵]hexadeca-5,10,12,14-tetraen-3-one

C22H23N5O2 (389.1852)


   

6-[8-(furan-2-yl)octa-1,3,5,7-tetraen-1-yl]-4-methoxy-3-methylpyran-2-one

6-[8-(furan-2-yl)octa-1,3,5,7-tetraen-1-yl]-4-methoxy-3-methylpyran-2-one

C19H18O4 (310.1205)


   

(1s,4z,7s,9r)-6-hydroxy-9-(2-methylbut-3-en-2-yl)-4-{[5-(2-methylbut-3-en-2-yl)-1h-imidazol-4-yl]methylidene}-2,5,16-triazatetracyclo[7.7.0.0²,⁷.0¹⁰,¹⁵]hexadeca-5,10,12,14-tetraen-3-one

(1s,4z,7s,9r)-6-hydroxy-9-(2-methylbut-3-en-2-yl)-4-{[5-(2-methylbut-3-en-2-yl)-1h-imidazol-4-yl]methylidene}-2,5,16-triazatetracyclo[7.7.0.0²,⁷.0¹⁰,¹⁵]hexadeca-5,10,12,14-tetraen-3-one

C27H31N5O2 (457.2478)


   

4-[hydroxy(phenyl)methyl]-5-methoxy-3-phenyl-5h-furan-2-one

4-[hydroxy(phenyl)methyl]-5-methoxy-3-phenyl-5h-furan-2-one

C18H16O4 (296.1049)


   

4-methoxy-3-methyl-6-[9-(1h-pyrrol-2-yl)nona-2,4,6,8-tetraen-2-yl]pyran-2-one

4-methoxy-3-methyl-6-[9-(1h-pyrrol-2-yl)nona-2,4,6,8-tetraen-2-yl]pyran-2-one

C20H21NO3 (323.1521)


   

6-[(2e,4e,6e,8e)-9-(furan-2-yl)nona-2,4,6,8-tetraen-2-yl]-4-methoxy-3-methylpyran-2-one

6-[(2e,4e,6e,8e)-9-(furan-2-yl)nona-2,4,6,8-tetraen-2-yl]-4-methoxy-3-methylpyran-2-one

C20H20O4 (324.1362)


   

(5s)-4-[(s)-hydroxy(phenyl)methyl]-5-methoxy-3-phenyl-5h-furan-2-one

(5s)-4-[(s)-hydroxy(phenyl)methyl]-5-methoxy-3-phenyl-5h-furan-2-one

C18H16O4 (296.1049)


   

(5r)-4-[(s)-hydroxy(phenyl)methyl]-5-methoxy-3-phenyl-5h-furan-2-one

(5r)-4-[(s)-hydroxy(phenyl)methyl]-5-methoxy-3-phenyl-5h-furan-2-one

C18H16O4 (296.1049)


   

6-hydroxy-9-(2-methylbut-3-en-2-yl)-4-{[5-(2-methylbut-3-en-2-yl)-1h-imidazol-4-yl]methylidene}-2,5,16-triazatetracyclo[7.7.0.0²,⁷.0¹⁰,¹⁵]hexadeca-5,10,12,14-tetraen-3-one

6-hydroxy-9-(2-methylbut-3-en-2-yl)-4-{[5-(2-methylbut-3-en-2-yl)-1h-imidazol-4-yl]methylidene}-2,5,16-triazatetracyclo[7.7.0.0²,⁷.0¹⁰,¹⁵]hexadeca-5,10,12,14-tetraen-3-one

C27H31N5O2 (457.2478)


   

n-{2-[(2-{10-[3-({4,5-dihydroxy-3-[(1-hydroxyethylidene)amino]-6-(methoxymethyl)oxan-2-yl}oxy)-6-(2-hydroxypropan-2-yl)-3-methyloxan-2-yl]-4,9-dimethyldeca-4,8-dien-1-yl}-6-(2-hydroxypropan-2-yl)-3-methyloxan-3-yl)oxy]-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(methoxymethyl)oxan-3-yl}ethanimidic acid

n-{2-[(2-{10-[3-({4,5-dihydroxy-3-[(1-hydroxyethylidene)amino]-6-(methoxymethyl)oxan-2-yl}oxy)-6-(2-hydroxypropan-2-yl)-3-methyloxan-2-yl]-4,9-dimethyldeca-4,8-dien-1-yl}-6-(2-hydroxypropan-2-yl)-3-methyloxan-3-yl)oxy]-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(methoxymethyl)oxan-3-yl}ethanimidic acid

C48H84N2O16 (944.5821)


   

(5r)-4-[(r)-hydroxy(phenyl)methyl]-5-methoxy-3-phenyl-5h-furan-2-one

(5r)-4-[(r)-hydroxy(phenyl)methyl]-5-methoxy-3-phenyl-5h-furan-2-one

C18H16O4 (296.1049)


   

(1r,4z,7r,9s)-6-hydroxy-4-(3h-imidazol-4-ylmethylidene)-9-(2-methylbut-3-en-2-yl)-2,5,16-triazatetracyclo[7.7.0.0²,⁷.0¹⁰,¹⁵]hexadeca-5,10,12,14-tetraen-3-one

(1r,4z,7r,9s)-6-hydroxy-4-(3h-imidazol-4-ylmethylidene)-9-(2-methylbut-3-en-2-yl)-2,5,16-triazatetracyclo[7.7.0.0²,⁷.0¹⁰,¹⁵]hexadeca-5,10,12,14-tetraen-3-one

C22H23N5O2 (389.1852)


   

6-[(2e,4e,6e,8e)-9-(3-bromo-1h-pyrrol-2-yl)nona-2,4,6,8-tetraen-2-yl]-4-methoxy-3-methylpyran-2-one

6-[(2e,4e,6e,8e)-9-(3-bromo-1h-pyrrol-2-yl)nona-2,4,6,8-tetraen-2-yl]-4-methoxy-3-methylpyran-2-one

C20H20BrNO3 (401.0626)


   

(5s)-4-[(r)-hydroxy(phenyl)methyl]-5-methoxy-3-phenyl-5h-furan-2-one

(5s)-4-[(r)-hydroxy(phenyl)methyl]-5-methoxy-3-phenyl-5h-furan-2-one

C18H16O4 (296.1049)


   

(1s,4e,7s,9r)-6-hydroxy-4-(3h-imidazol-4-ylmethylidene)-9-(2-methylbut-3-en-2-yl)-2,5,16-triazatetracyclo[7.7.0.0²,⁷.0¹⁰,¹⁵]hexadeca-5,10,12,14-tetraen-3-one

(1s,4e,7s,9r)-6-hydroxy-4-(3h-imidazol-4-ylmethylidene)-9-(2-methylbut-3-en-2-yl)-2,5,16-triazatetracyclo[7.7.0.0²,⁷.0¹⁰,¹⁵]hexadeca-5,10,12,14-tetraen-3-one

C22H23N5O2 (389.1852)


   

4-benzyl-3-phenyl-5h-furan-2-one

4-benzyl-3-phenyl-5h-furan-2-one

C17H14O2 (250.0994)


   

6-[(1e,3e,5e,7e)-8-(furan-2-yl)octa-1,3,5,7-tetraen-1-yl]-4-methoxy-3-methylpyran-2-one

6-[(1e,3e,5e,7e)-8-(furan-2-yl)octa-1,3,5,7-tetraen-1-yl]-4-methoxy-3-methylpyran-2-one

C19H18O4 (310.1205)


   

6-[8-(3-chloro-1h-pyrrol-2-yl)octa-1,3,5,7-tetraen-1-yl]-4-methoxy-3-methylpyran-2-one

6-[8-(3-chloro-1h-pyrrol-2-yl)octa-1,3,5,7-tetraen-1-yl]-4-methoxy-3-methylpyran-2-one

C19H18ClNO3 (343.0975)


   

4-methoxy-3-methyl-6-[(2e,4e,6e,8e)-9-(1h-pyrrol-2-yl)nona-2,4,6,8-tetraen-2-yl]pyran-2-one

4-methoxy-3-methyl-6-[(2e,4e,6e,8e)-9-(1h-pyrrol-2-yl)nona-2,4,6,8-tetraen-2-yl]pyran-2-one

C20H21NO3 (323.1521)


   

6-[(1e,3z,5e,7e)-8-(3-chloro-1h-pyrrol-2-yl)octa-1,3,5,7-tetraen-1-yl]-5-methoxy-4-methylpyran-2-one

6-[(1e,3z,5e,7e)-8-(3-chloro-1h-pyrrol-2-yl)octa-1,3,5,7-tetraen-1-yl]-5-methoxy-4-methylpyran-2-one

C19H18ClNO3 (343.0975)


   

6-[(2z,4e,6e,8e)-9-(3-chloro-1h-pyrrol-2-yl)nona-2,4,6,8-tetraen-2-yl]-4-methoxy-3-methylpyran-2-one

6-[(2z,4e,6e,8e)-9-(3-chloro-1h-pyrrol-2-yl)nona-2,4,6,8-tetraen-2-yl]-4-methoxy-3-methylpyran-2-one

C20H20ClNO3 (357.1132)


   

6-[9-(3-bromo-1h-pyrrol-2-yl)nona-2,4,6,8-tetraen-2-yl]-4-methoxy-3-methylpyran-2-one

6-[9-(3-bromo-1h-pyrrol-2-yl)nona-2,4,6,8-tetraen-2-yl]-4-methoxy-3-methylpyran-2-one

C20H20BrNO3 (401.0626)


   

(2-formyl-3-hydroxy-5-methoxy-4-methylphenyl)methyl 2,4-dihydroxy-3,6-dimethylbenzoate

(2-formyl-3-hydroxy-5-methoxy-4-methylphenyl)methyl 2,4-dihydroxy-3,6-dimethylbenzoate

C19H20O7 (360.1209)


   

6-[(2e,4e,6e,8e)-9-(3-chloro-1h-pyrrol-2-yl)nona-2,4,6,8-tetraen-2-yl]-4-methoxy-3-methylpyran-2-one

6-[(2e,4e,6e,8e)-9-(3-chloro-1h-pyrrol-2-yl)nona-2,4,6,8-tetraen-2-yl]-4-methoxy-3-methylpyran-2-one

C20H20ClNO3 (357.1132)


   

(5r)-4-[hydroxy(phenyl)methyl]-5-methoxy-3-phenyl-5h-furan-2-one

(5r)-4-[hydroxy(phenyl)methyl]-5-methoxy-3-phenyl-5h-furan-2-one

C18H16O4 (296.1049)


   

6-[(4e,6e,8e)-9-(3-chloro-1h-pyrrol-2-yl)nona-2,4,6,8-tetraen-2-yl]-4-methoxy-3-methylpyran-2-one

6-[(4e,6e,8e)-9-(3-chloro-1h-pyrrol-2-yl)nona-2,4,6,8-tetraen-2-yl]-4-methoxy-3-methylpyran-2-one

C20H20ClNO3 (357.1132)


   

6-[(1e,3e,5e,7e)-8-(3-chloro-1h-pyrrol-2-yl)octa-1,3,5,7-tetraen-1-yl]-4-methoxy-3-methylpyran-2-one

6-[(1e,3e,5e,7e)-8-(3-chloro-1h-pyrrol-2-yl)octa-1,3,5,7-tetraen-1-yl]-4-methoxy-3-methylpyran-2-one

C19H18ClNO3 (343.0975)