Chemical Formula: C41H74N7O18P3S
Chemical Formula C41H74N7O18P3S
Found 17 metabolite its formula value is C41H74N7O18P3S
2-Hydroxyphytanoyl-CoA
C41H74N7O18P3S (1077.4023694000002)
2-Hydroxyphytanoyl-CoA is a substrate for Phytanoyl-CoA dioxygenase (peroxisomal). [HMDB] 2-Hydroxyphytanoyl-CoA is a substrate for Phytanoyl-CoA dioxygenase (peroxisomal).
3-Hydroxyeicosanoyl-CoA
C41H74N7O18P3S (1077.4023694000002)
This compound belongs to the family of Acyl CoAs. These are organic compounds contaning a coenzyme A substructure linked to another moeity through an ester bond.
2-hydroxyicosanoyl-CoA
C41H74N7O18P3S (1077.4023694000002)
2-hydroxyicosanoyl-coa is an acyl-CoA or acyl-coenzyme A. More specifically, it is a 2-hydroxyicosanoic acid thioester of coenzyme A. 2-hydroxyicosanoyl-coa is an acyl-CoA with 20 fatty acid group as the acyl moiety attached to coenzyme A. Coenzyme A was discovered in 1946 by Fritz Lipmann (Journal of Biological Chemistry (1946) 162 (3): 743–744) and its structure was determined in the early 1950s at the Lister Institute in London. Coenzyme A is a complex, thiol-containing molecule that is naturally synthesized from pantothenate (vitamin B5), which is found in various foods such as meat, vegetables, cereal grains, legumes, eggs, and milk. More specifically, coenzyme A (CoASH or CoA) consists of a beta-mercaptoethylamine group linked to the vitamin pantothenic acid (B5) through an amide linkage and 3-phosphorylated ADP. Coenzyme A is synthesized in a five-step process that requires four molecules of ATP, pantothenate and cysteine. It is believed that there are more than 1100 types of acyl-CoA’s in the human body, which also corresponds to the number of acylcarnitines in the human body. Acyl-CoAs exists in all living species, ranging from bacteria to plants to humans. The general role of acyl-CoA’s is to assist in transferring fatty acids from the cytoplasm to mitochondria. This process facilitates the production of fatty acids in cells, which are essential in cell membrane structure. Acyl-CoAs are also susceptible to beta oxidation, forming, ultimately, acetyl-CoA. Acetyl-CoA can enter the citric acid cycle, eventually forming several equivalents of ATP. In this way, fats are converted to ATP -- or biochemical energy. Acyl-CoAs can be classified into 9 different categories depending on the size of their acyl-group: 1) short-chain acyl-CoAs; 2) medium-chain acyl-CoAs; 3) long-chain acyl-CoAs; and 4) very long-chain acyl-CoAs; 5) hydroxy acyl-CoAs; 6) branched chain acyl-CoAs; 7) unsaturated acyl-CoAs; 8) dicarboxylic acyl-CoAs and 9) miscellaneous acyl-CoAs. Short-chain acyl-CoAs have acyl-groups with two to four carbons (C2-C4), medium-chain acyl-CoAs have acyl-groups with five to eleven carbons (C5-C11), long-chain acyl-CoAs have acyl-groups with twelve to twenty carbons (C12-C20) while very long-chain acyl-CoAs have acyl groups with more than 20 carbons. 2-hydroxyicosanoyl-coa is therefore classified as a long chain acyl-CoA. The oxidative degradation of fatty acids is a two-step process, catalyzed by acyl-CoA synthetase/synthase. Fatty acids are first converted to their acyl phosphate, the precursor to acyl-CoA. The latter conversion is mediated by acyl-CoA synthase. Three types of acyl-CoA synthases are employed, depending on the chain length of the fatty acid. 2-hydroxyicosanoyl-coa, being a long chain acyl-CoA is a substrate for long chain acyl-CoA synthase. The second step of fatty acid degradation is beta oxidation. Beta oxidation occurs in mitochondria and, in the case of very long chain acyl-CoAs, the peroxisome. After its formation in the cytosol, 2-hydroxyicosanoyl-CoA is transported into the mitochondria, the locus of beta oxidation. Transport of 2-hydroxyicosanoyl-CoA into the mitochondria requires carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1 (CPT1), which converts 2-hydroxyicosanoyl-CoA into 2-hydroxyicosanoylcarnitine, which gets transported into the mitochondrial matrix. Once in the matrix, 2-hydroxyicosanoylcarnitine is converted back to 2-hydroxyicosanoyl-CoA by CPT2, whereupon beta-oxidation can begin. Beta oxidation of 2-hydroxyicosanoyl-CoA occurs in four steps. First, since 2-hydroxyicosanoyl-CoA is a long chain acyl-CoA it is the substrate for a long chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase, which catalyzes dehydrogenation of 2-hydroxyicosanoyl-CoA, creating a double bond between the alpha and beta carbons. FAD is the hydrogen acceptor, yielding FADH2. Second, Enoyl-CoA hydrase catalyzes the addition of water across the newly formed double bond to make an alcohol. Third, 3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase oxidizes the alcohol grou...
12-hydroxyicosanoyl-CoA
C41H74N7O18P3S (1077.4023694000002)
12-hydroxyicosanoyl-coa is an acyl-CoA or acyl-coenzyme A. More specifically, it is a 12-hydroxyicosanoic acid thioester of coenzyme A. 12-hydroxyicosanoyl-coa is an acyl-CoA with 20 fatty acid group as the acyl moiety attached to coenzyme A. Coenzyme A was discovered in 1946 by Fritz Lipmann (Journal of Biological Chemistry (1946) 162 (3): 743–744) and its structure was determined in the early 1950s at the Lister Institute in London. Coenzyme A is a complex, thiol-containing molecule that is naturally synthesized from pantothenate (vitamin B5), which is found in various foods such as meat, vegetables, cereal grains, legumes, eggs, and milk. More specifically, coenzyme A (CoASH or CoA) consists of a beta-mercaptoethylamine group linked to the vitamin pantothenic acid (B5) through an amide linkage and 3-phosphorylated ADP. Coenzyme A is synthesized in a five-step process that requires four molecules of ATP, pantothenate and cysteine. It is believed that there are more than 1100 types of acyl-CoA’s in the human body, which also corresponds to the number of acylcarnitines in the human body. Acyl-CoAs exists in all living species, ranging from bacteria to plants to humans. The general role of acyl-CoA’s is to assist in transferring fatty acids from the cytoplasm to mitochondria. This process facilitates the production of fatty acids in cells, which are essential in cell membrane structure. Acyl-CoAs are also susceptible to beta oxidation, forming, ultimately, acetyl-CoA. Acetyl-CoA can enter the citric acid cycle, eventually forming several equivalents of ATP. In this way, fats are converted to ATP -- or biochemical energy. Acyl-CoAs can be classified into 9 different categories depending on the size of their acyl-group: 1) short-chain acyl-CoAs; 2) medium-chain acyl-CoAs; 3) long-chain acyl-CoAs; and 4) very long-chain acyl-CoAs; 5) hydroxy acyl-CoAs; 6) branched chain acyl-CoAs; 7) unsaturated acyl-CoAs; 8) dicarboxylic acyl-CoAs and 9) miscellaneous acyl-CoAs. Short-chain acyl-CoAs have acyl-groups with two to four carbons (C2-C4), medium-chain acyl-CoAs have acyl-groups with five to eleven carbons (C5-C11), long-chain acyl-CoAs have acyl-groups with twelve to twenty carbons (C12-C20) while very long-chain acyl-CoAs have acyl groups with more than 20 carbons. 12-hydroxyicosanoyl-coa is therefore classified as a long chain acyl-CoA. The oxidative degradation of fatty acids is a two-step process, catalyzed by acyl-CoA synthetase/synthase. Fatty acids are first converted to their acyl phosphate, the precursor to acyl-CoA. The latter conversion is mediated by acyl-CoA synthase. Three types of acyl-CoA synthases are employed, depending on the chain length of the fatty acid. 12-hydroxyicosanoyl-coa, being a long chain acyl-CoA is a substrate for long chain acyl-CoA synthase. The second step of fatty acid degradation is beta oxidation. Beta oxidation occurs in mitochondria and, in the case of very long chain acyl-CoAs, the peroxisome. After its formation in the cytosol, 12-hydroxyicosanoyl-CoA is transported into the mitochondria, the locus of beta oxidation. Transport of 12-hydroxyicosanoyl-CoA into the mitochondria requires carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1 (CPT1), which converts 12-hydroxyicosanoyl-CoA into 12-hydroxyicosanoylcarnitine, which gets transported into the mitochondrial matrix. Once in the matrix, 12-hydroxyicosanoylcarnitine is converted back to 12-hydroxyicosanoyl-CoA by CPT2, whereupon beta-oxidation can begin. Beta oxidation of 12-hydroxyicosanoyl-CoA occurs in four steps. First, since 12-hydroxyicosanoyl-CoA is a long chain acyl-CoA it is the substrate for a long chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase, which catalyzes dehydrogenation of 12-hydroxyicosanoyl-CoA, creating a double bond between the alpha and beta carbons. FAD is the hydrogen acceptor, yielding FADH2. Second, Enoyl-CoA hydrase catalyzes the addition of water across the newly formed double bond to make an alcohol. Third, 3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase oxidizes th...
15-hydroxyicosanoyl-CoA
C41H74N7O18P3S (1077.4023694000002)
15-hydroxyicosanoyl-coa is an acyl-CoA or acyl-coenzyme A. More specifically, it is a 15-hydroxyicosanoic acid thioester of coenzyme A. 15-hydroxyicosanoyl-coa is an acyl-CoA with 20 fatty acid group as the acyl moiety attached to coenzyme A. Coenzyme A was discovered in 1946 by Fritz Lipmann (Journal of Biological Chemistry (1946) 162 (3): 743–744) and its structure was determined in the early 1950s at the Lister Institute in London. Coenzyme A is a complex, thiol-containing molecule that is naturally synthesized from pantothenate (vitamin B5), which is found in various foods such as meat, vegetables, cereal grains, legumes, eggs, and milk. More specifically, coenzyme A (CoASH or CoA) consists of a beta-mercaptoethylamine group linked to the vitamin pantothenic acid (B5) through an amide linkage and 3-phosphorylated ADP. Coenzyme A is synthesized in a five-step process that requires four molecules of ATP, pantothenate and cysteine. It is believed that there are more than 1100 types of acyl-CoA’s in the human body, which also corresponds to the number of acylcarnitines in the human body. Acyl-CoAs exists in all living species, ranging from bacteria to plants to humans. The general role of acyl-CoA’s is to assist in transferring fatty acids from the cytoplasm to mitochondria. This process facilitates the production of fatty acids in cells, which are essential in cell membrane structure. Acyl-CoAs are also susceptible to beta oxidation, forming, ultimately, acetyl-CoA. Acetyl-CoA can enter the citric acid cycle, eventually forming several equivalents of ATP. In this way, fats are converted to ATP -- or biochemical energy. Acyl-CoAs can be classified into 9 different categories depending on the size of their acyl-group: 1) short-chain acyl-CoAs; 2) medium-chain acyl-CoAs; 3) long-chain acyl-CoAs; and 4) very long-chain acyl-CoAs; 5) hydroxy acyl-CoAs; 6) branched chain acyl-CoAs; 7) unsaturated acyl-CoAs; 8) dicarboxylic acyl-CoAs and 9) miscellaneous acyl-CoAs. Short-chain acyl-CoAs have acyl-groups with two to four carbons (C2-C4), medium-chain acyl-CoAs have acyl-groups with five to eleven carbons (C5-C11), long-chain acyl-CoAs have acyl-groups with twelve to twenty carbons (C12-C20) while very long-chain acyl-CoAs have acyl groups with more than 20 carbons. 15-hydroxyicosanoyl-coa is therefore classified as a long chain acyl-CoA. The oxidative degradation of fatty acids is a two-step process, catalyzed by acyl-CoA synthetase/synthase. Fatty acids are first converted to their acyl phosphate, the precursor to acyl-CoA. The latter conversion is mediated by acyl-CoA synthase. Three types of acyl-CoA synthases are employed, depending on the chain length of the fatty acid. 15-hydroxyicosanoyl-coa, being a long chain acyl-CoA is a substrate for long chain acyl-CoA synthase. The second step of fatty acid degradation is beta oxidation. Beta oxidation occurs in mitochondria and, in the case of very long chain acyl-CoAs, the peroxisome. After its formation in the cytosol, 15-hydroxyicosanoyl-CoA is transported into the mitochondria, the locus of beta oxidation. Transport of 15-hydroxyicosanoyl-CoA into the mitochondria requires carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1 (CPT1), which converts 15-hydroxyicosanoyl-CoA into 15-hydroxyicosanoylcarnitine, which gets transported into the mitochondrial matrix. Once in the matrix, 15-hydroxyicosanoylcarnitine is converted back to 15-hydroxyicosanoyl-CoA by CPT2, whereupon beta-oxidation can begin. Beta oxidation of 15-hydroxyicosanoyl-CoA occurs in four steps. First, since 15-hydroxyicosanoyl-CoA is a long chain acyl-CoA it is the substrate for a long chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase, which catalyzes dehydrogenation of 15-hydroxyicosanoyl-CoA, creating a double bond between the alpha and beta carbons. FAD is the hydrogen acceptor, yielding FADH2. Second, Enoyl-CoA hydrase catalyzes the addition of water across the newly formed double bond to make an alcohol. Third, 3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase oxidizes th...
CoA 20:0;O
C41H74N7O18P3S (1077.4023694000002)
2-Hydroxyphytanoyl-CoA
C41H74N7O18P3S (1077.4023694000002)
A multi-methyl-branched fatty acyl-CoA having 2-hydroxyphytanoyl as the S-acyl group.
(3S)-3-hydroxyicosanoyl-CoA
C41H74N7O18P3S (1077.4023694000002)
A 3-hydroxyicosanoyl-CoA that results from the formal condensation of the thiol group of coenzyme A with the carboxy group of (3S)-hydroxyicosanoic acid.
(R)-3-hydroxyicosanoyl-CoA
C41H74N7O18P3S (1077.4023694000002)
A 3-hydroxy fatty acyl-CoA that results from the formal condensation of the thiol group of coenzyme A with the carboxy group of (R)-3-hydroxyicosananoic acid.
3-hydroxyicosanoyl-CoA
C41H74N7O18P3S (1077.4023694000002)
A 3-hydroxy fatty acyl-CoA in which the 3-hydroxy fatty acyl group is specified as 3-hydroxyicosanoyl.