Chemical Formula: C18H22N2
Chemical Formula C18H22N2
Found 33 metabolite its formula value is C18H22N2
Desipramine
Desipramine hydrochloride is a dibenzazepine-derivative tricyclic antidepressant (TCA). TCAs are structurally similar to phenothiazines. They contain a tricyclic ring system with an alkyl amine substituent on the central ring. In non-depressed individuals, desipramine does not affect mood or arousal, but may cause sedation. In depressed individuals, desipramine exerts a positive effect on mood. TCAs are potent inhibitors of serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake. Secondary amine TCAs, such as desipramine and nortriptyline, are more potent inhibitors of norepinephrine reuptake than tertiary amine TCAs, such as amitriptyline and doxepine. TCAs also down-regulate cerebral cortical β-adrenergic receptors and sensitize post-synaptic serotonergic receptors with chronic use. The antidepressant effects of TCAs are thought to be due to an overall increase in serotonergic neurotransmission. TCAs also block histamine-H1 receptors, α1-adrenergic receptors and muscarinic receptors, which accounts for their sedative, hypotensive and anticholinergic effects (e.g. blurred vision, dry mouth, constipation, urinary retention), respectively. See toxicity section below for a complete listing of side effects. Desipramine exerts less anticholinergic and sedative side effects compared to tertiary amine TCAs, such as amitriptyline and clomipramine. Desipramine may be used to treat depression, neuropathic pain (unlabeled use), agitation and insomnia (unlabeled use) and attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (unlabeled use). N - Nervous system > N06 - Psychoanaleptics > N06A - Antidepressants > N06AA - Non-selective monoamine reuptake inhibitors D018377 - Neurotransmitter Agents > D014179 - Neurotransmitter Uptake Inhibitors > D018759 - Adrenergic Uptake Inhibitors C78272 - Agent Affecting Nervous System > C265 - Antidepressant Agent > C94727 - Tricyclic Antidepressant D002491 - Central Nervous System Agents > D011619 - Psychotropic Drugs > D000928 - Antidepressive Agents D018377 - Neurotransmitter Agents > D018663 - Adrenergic Agents D049990 - Membrane Transport Modulators D004791 - Enzyme Inhibitors
Cyclizine
Cyclizine is only found in individuals that have used or taken this drug. It is a histamine H1 antagonist given by mouth or parenterally for the control of postoperative and drug-induced vomiting and in motion sickness. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p935)Vomiting (emesis) is essentially a protective mechanism for removing irritant or otherwise harmful substances from the upper GI tract. Emesis or vomiting is controlled by the vomiting centre in the medulla region of the brain, an important part of which is the chemotrigger zone (CTZ). The vomiting centre possesses neurons which are rich in muscarinic cholinergic and histamine containing synapses. These types of neurons are especially involved in transmission from the vestibular apparatus to the vomiting centre. Motion sickness principally involves overstimulation of these pathways due to various sensory stimuli. Hence the action of cyclizine which acts to block the histamine receptors in the vomiting centre and thus reduce activity along these pathways. Furthermore since cyclizine possesses anti-cholinergic properties as well, the muscarinic receptors are similarly blocked. R - Respiratory system > R06 - Antihistamines for systemic use > R06A - Antihistamines for systemic use > R06AE - Piperazine derivatives CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 1; HBM4EU - science and policy for a healthy future (https://www.hbm4eu.eu) CONFIDENCE Reference Standard (Level 1); HBM4EU - science and policy for a healthy future (https://www.hbm4eu.eu) D018377 - Neurotransmitter Agents > D018494 - Histamine Agents > D006633 - Histamine Antagonists D018373 - Peripheral Nervous System Agents > D001337 - Autonomic Agents C78272 - Agent Affecting Nervous System > C267 - Antiemetic Agent D005765 - Gastrointestinal Agents > D000932 - Antiemetics D002491 - Central Nervous System Agents
14,19-Didehydrocondyfolan
14,19-Didehydrocondyfolan is an alkaloid from Aspidosperma quebracho-blanco (quebracho
14,19-Didehydrocondyfolan
(-)-tubifoline|17-nor-cur-1-ene|Tubifolin|Tubifoline
desipramine
N - Nervous system > N06 - Psychoanaleptics > N06A - Antidepressants > N06AA - Non-selective monoamine reuptake inhibitors D018377 - Neurotransmitter Agents > D014179 - Neurotransmitter Uptake Inhibitors > D018759 - Adrenergic Uptake Inhibitors C78272 - Agent Affecting Nervous System > C265 - Antidepressant Agent > C94727 - Tricyclic Antidepressant D002491 - Central Nervous System Agents > D011619 - Psychotropic Drugs > D000928 - Antidepressive Agents D018377 - Neurotransmitter Agents > D018663 - Adrenergic Agents D049990 - Membrane Transport Modulators D004791 - Enzyme Inhibitors CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 2; HBM4EU - science and policy for a healthy future (https://www.hbm4eu.eu) CONFIDENCE Reference Standard (Level 1); HBM4EU - science and policy for a healthy future (https://www.hbm4eu.eu); Flow Injection CONFIDENCE Reference Standard (Level 1); HBM4EU - science and policy for a healthy future (https://www.hbm4eu.eu)
CYCLIZINE
R - Respiratory system > R06 - Antihistamines for systemic use > R06A - Antihistamines for systemic use > R06AE - Piperazine derivatives D018377 - Neurotransmitter Agents > D018494 - Histamine Agents > D006633 - Histamine Antagonists D018373 - Peripheral Nervous System Agents > D001337 - Autonomic Agents C78272 - Agent Affecting Nervous System > C267 - Antiemetic Agent D005765 - Gastrointestinal Agents > D000932 - Antiemetics D002491 - Central Nervous System Agents CONFIDENCE Reference Standard (Level 1); HBM4EU - science and policy for a healthy future (https://www.hbm4eu.eu); Flow Injection Flow Injection; CONFIDENCE Reference Standard (Level 1); HBM4EU - science and policy for a healthy future (https://www.hbm4eu.eu) CONFIDENCE Reference Standard (Level 1); HBM4EU - science and policy for a healthy future (https://www.hbm4eu.eu)