Epitestosterone (BioDeep_00000027618)

Main id: BioDeep_00000398239

 

human metabolite PANOMIX_OTCML-2023 Endogenous blood metabolite natural product BioNovoGene_Lab2019


代谢物信息卡片


(1S,2R,10R,11S,14R,15S)-14-hydroxy-2,15-dimethyltetracyclo[8.7.0.0^{2,7}.0^{11,15}]heptadec-6-en-5-one

化学式: C19H28O2 (288.2089)
中文名称: 表睾酮, 睾酮
谱图信息: 最多检出来源 () 0%

分子结构信息

SMILES: CC12CCC3C(C1CCC2O)CCC4=CC(=O)CCC34C
InChI: InChI=1S/C19H28O2/c1-18-9-7-13(20)11-12(18)3-4-14-15-5-6-17(21)19(15,2)10-8-16(14)18/h11,14-17,21H,3-10H2,1-2H3

描述信息

Epitestosterone, or isotestosterone, also known as 17alpha-testosterone or as androst-4-en-17alpha-ol-3-one belongs to the class of organic compounds known as androgens and derivatives. These are 3-hydroxylated C19 steroid hormones. Epitestosterone is an endogenous steroid and a C-17 epimer of the androgen sex hormone testosterone. It is a weak competitive antagonist of the androgen receptor (AR) and a potent 5alpha-reductase inhibitor. Structurally, epitestosterone differs from testosterone only in the configuration at the hydroxy-bearing carbon, C17. Epitestosterone is believed to form in a similar way to testosterone with 50\\% of epitestosterone production in human males taking place in the testis. Epitestosterone levels are typically highest in young males; however, by adulthood, most healthy males exhibit a testosterone to epitestosterone ratio (T/E ratio) of about 1:1 (PMID: 11901061). A study of Australian athletes found that the mean T/E ratio in the study was 1.15:1. Another study found that the max T/E ratio for the 95th percentile of athletes was 3.71:1, and the max T/E ratio for the 99th percentile was 5.25:1. Epitestosterone has not been shown to enhance athletic performance, although administration of epistestosterone can be used to mask a high level of testosterone if the standard T/E ratio test is used. As such, epitestosterone is banned by many sporting authorities as a masking agent for testosterone. Interestingly, small amounts of ethanol can elevate T/E values, with women being more susceptible (PMID: 28671321).
Testosterone is a steroid hormone from the androgen group and is found in mammals, reptiles, birds, and other vertebrates. In mammals, testosterone is primarily secreted in the testicles of males and the ovaries of females, although small amounts are also secreted by the adrenal glands. It is the principal male sex hormone and an anabolic steroid. [Wikipedia].
D006730 - Hormones, Hormone Substitutes, and Hormone Antagonists > D006728 - Hormones

同义名列表

13 个代谢物同义名

(1S,2R,10R,11S,14R,15S)-14-hydroxy-2,15-dimethyltetracyclo[8.7.0.0^{2,7}.0^{11,15}]heptadec-6-en-5-one; 17-alpha-Testosterone; 17 alpha Testosterone; 17a-cis-Testosterone; 17-Epitestosterone; Epi-testosterone; cis-Testosterone; Isotestosterone; Epitestosterone; Testosterone; Testosterone; Testosterone; Epitestosterone



数据库引用编号

17 个数据库交叉引用编号

分类词条

相关代谢途径

Reactome(0)

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PlantCyc(0)

代谢反应

0 个相关的代谢反应过程信息。

Reactome(0)

BioCyc(0)

WikiPathways(0)

Plant Reactome(0)

INOH(0)

PlantCyc(0)

COVID-19 Disease Map(0)

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PharmGKB(0)

11 个相关的物种来源信息

在这里通过桑基图来展示出与当前的这个代谢物在我们的BioDeep知识库中具有相关联信息的其他代谢物。在这里进行关联的信息来源主要有：

  • PubMed: 来源于PubMed文献库中的文献信息，我们通过自然语言数据挖掘得到的在同一篇文献中被同时提及的相关代谢物列表，这个列表按照代谢物同时出现的文献数量降序排序，取前10个代谢物作为相关研究中关联性很高的代谢物集合展示在桑基图中。
  • NCBI Taxonomy: 通过文献数据挖掘，得到的代谢物物种来源信息关联。这个关联信息同样按照出现的次数降序排序，取前10个代谢物作为高关联度的代谢物集合展示在桑吉图上。
  • Chemical Taxonomy: 在物质分类上处于同一个分类集合中的其他代谢物
  • Chemical Reaction: 在化学反应过程中，存在为当前代谢物相关联的生化反应过程中的反应底物或者反应产物的关联代谢物信息。

点击图上的相关代谢物的名称，可以跳转到相关代谢物的信息页面。

亚细胞结构定位 关联基因列表


文献列表

  • Xitong Liu, Chen Zhang, Jianlei Huang, Haiou Liu, Bo Li, Feifei Zhang, Congjian Xu. Biomarkers identification in follicular fluid in relation to live birth in in vitro fertilization of women with polycystic ovary syndrome in different subtypes by using UPLC-MS method. Clinica chimica acta; international journal of clinical chemistry. 2024 Apr; 557(?):117860. doi: 10.1016/j.cca.2024.117860. [PMID: 38508572]
  • Olivier Salamin, Raul Nicoli, Tobias Langer, Julien Boccard, Carine Schweizer Grundisch, Cheng Xu, Serge Rudaz, Tiia Kuuranne, Nelly Pitteloud, Martial Saugy. Longitudinal evaluation of multiple biomarkers for the detection of testosterone gel administration in women with normal menstrual cycle. Drug testing and analysis. 2022 May; 14(5):833-850. doi: 10.1002/dta.3040. [PMID: 33817997]
  • Sasha Savkovic, Lam P Ly, Reena Desai, John Howa, Vinod Nair, Daniel Eichner, David J Handelsman. Detection of testosterone microdosing in healthy females. Drug testing and analysis. 2022 Apr; 14(4):653-666. doi: 10.1002/dta.3202. [PMID: 34811948]
  • Yvonne Lood, Elisabeth Aardal, Sara Gustavsson, Ilya Prasolov, Martin Josefsson, Johan Ahlner. False negative results in testosterone doping in forensic cases: Sensitivity of the urinary detection criteria T/E and T/LH. Drug testing and analysis. 2021 Oct; 13(10):1735-1742. doi: 10.1002/dta.3125. [PMID: 34228890]
  • Jenny Schulze, Kim Pettersson-Bohlin, John-Olof Thörngren, Lena Ekström. Re-evaluation of combined ((ES/EG)/(TS/TG)) ratio as a marker of testosterone intake in men. Drug testing and analysis. 2021 Aug; 13(8):1576-1579. doi: 10.1002/dta.3045. [PMID: 33864421]
  • Jenny Schulze, Tina Suominen, Helena Bergström, Magnus Ericsson, Linda Björkhem Bergman, Lena Ekström. Urinary steroid profile in relation to the menstrual cycle. Drug testing and analysis. 2021 Mar; 13(3):550-557. doi: 10.1002/dta.2960. [PMID: 33142032]
  • Bairen Du, Jingjing Zhang, Yanjie Dong, Junwei Wang, Longwen Lei, Rengfei Shi. Determination of testosterone/epitestosterone concentration ratio in human urine by capillary electrophoresis. Steroids. 2020 09; 161(?):108691. doi: 10.1016/j.steroids.2020.108691. [PMID: 32603755]
  • Sara Amalie Solheim, Jakob Mørkeberg, Yvette Dehnes, Ingunn Hullstein, Anders Juul, Emmie N Upners, Nikolai Baastrup Nordsborg. Changes in blood parameters after intramuscular testosterone ester injections - Implications for anti-doping. Drug testing and analysis. 2020 Aug; 12(8):1019-1030. doi: 10.1002/dta.2803. [PMID: 32307878]
  • Juhyun Sim, Byungsuk Cho, Meejung Park, Jongsook Rhee, Sangwhan In, Sanggil Choe. Monitoring urinary testosterone and epitestosterone levels, and their ratio, in Korean chemical castration subjects using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Journal of analytical toxicology. 2020 Mar; 44(2):192-199. doi: 10.1093/jat/bkz002. [PMID: 31322674]
  • Erkka Järvinen, Heidi Kidron, Moshe Finel. Human efflux transport of testosterone, epitestosterone and other androgen glucuronides. The Journal of steroid biochemistry and molecular biology. 2020 03; 197(?):105518. doi: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2019.105518. [PMID: 31704245]
  • Tobie D Lee, Olivia W Lee, Kyle R Brimacombe, Lu Chen, Rajarshi Guha, Sabrina Lusvarghi, Bethilehem G Tebase, Carleen Klumpp-Thomas, Robert W Robey, Suresh V Ambudkar, Min Shen, Michael M Gottesman, Matthew D Hall. A High-Throughput Screen of a Library of Therapeutics Identifies Cytotoxic Substrates of P-glycoprotein. Molecular pharmacology. 2019 11; 96(5):629-640. doi: 10.1124/mol.119.115964. [PMID: 31515284]
  • David J Handelsman, Stéphane Bermon. Detection of testosterone doping in female athletes. Drug testing and analysis. 2019 Oct; 11(10):1566-1571. doi: 10.1002/dta.2689. [PMID: 31454165]
  • Argitxu Esquivel, Élida Alechaga, Nuria Monfort, Sheng Yang, Yanyi Xing, Wu Moutian, Rosa Ventura. Evaluation of sulfate metabolites as markers of intramuscular testosterone administration in Caucasian and Asian populations. Drug testing and analysis. 2019 Aug; 11(8):1218-1230. doi: 10.1002/dta.2598. [PMID: 30932347]
  • Corinne Buisson, Claire Frelat, Kévin Privat, Nicolas Martinat, Michel Audran, Katia Collomp. Metabolic and isotopic signature of short-term DHEA administration in women: Comparison with findings in men. Drug testing and analysis. 2018 Nov; 10(11-12):1744-1754. doi: 10.1002/dta.2519. [PMID: 30315670]
  • Marjaana Viljanto, Pamela Hincks, Lynn Hillyer, Adam Cawley, Craig Suann, Glenys Noble, Christopher J Walker, Mark C Parkin, Andrew T Kicman, James Scarth. Monitoring dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) in the urine of Thoroughbred geldings for doping control purposes. Drug testing and analysis. 2018 Oct; 10(10):1518-1527. doi: 10.1002/dta.2411. [PMID: 29797687]
  • Sami Albeiroti, Brian D Ahrens, Timofei Sobolevskii, Anthony W Butch. The influence of small doses of ethanol on the urinary testosterone to epitestosterone ratio in men and women. Drug testing and analysis. 2018 Mar; 10(3):575-583. doi: 10.1002/dta.2241. [PMID: 28671321]
  • Wadha Abushareeda, Emmanouil Lyris, Suhail Kraiem, Aisha Al Wahaibi, Sameera Alyazidi, Najib Dbes, Arjen Lommen, Michel Nielen, Peter L Horvatovich, Mohammed Alsayrafi, Costas Georgakopoulos. Gas chromatographic quadrupole time-of-flight full scan high resolution mass spectrometric screening of human urine in antidoping analysis. Journal of chromatography. B, Analytical technologies in the biomedical and life sciences. 2017 Sep; 1063(?):74-83. doi: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2017.08.019. [PMID: 28850889]
  • Marjaana Viljanto, James Scarth, Pamela Hincks, Lynn Hillyer, Adam Cawley, Craig Suann, Glenys Noble, Christopher J Walker, Andrew T Kicman, Mark C Parkin. Application of testosterone to epitestosterone ratio to horse urine - a complementary approach to detect the administrations of testosterone and its pro-drugs in Thoroughbred geldings. Drug testing and analysis. 2017 Sep; 9(9):1328-1336. doi: 10.1002/dta.2109. [PMID: 27717154]
  • Jenny E Mullen, John-Olof Thörngren, Jenny J Schulze, Magnus Ericsson, Nina Gårevik, Mikael Lehtihet, Lena Ekström. Urinary steroid profile in females - the impact of menstrual cycle and emergency contraceptives. Drug testing and analysis. 2017 Jul; 9(7):1034-1042. doi: 10.1002/dta.2121. [PMID: 27758048]
  • Eva Choong, Jenny J Schulze, Magnus Ericsson, Anders Rane, Lena Ekström. Discordant genotyping results using DNA isolated from anti-doping control urine samples. Drug testing and analysis. 2017 Jul; 9(7):994-1000. doi: 10.1002/dta.2103. [PMID: 27706926]
  • Aristotelis Kotronoulas, Alex Gomez-Gomez, Jordi Segura, Rosa Ventura, Jesús Joglar, Oscar J Pozo. Evaluation of two glucuronides resistant to enzymatic hydrolysis as markers of testosterone oral administration. The Journal of steroid biochemistry and molecular biology. 2017 01; 165(Pt B):212-218. doi: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2016.06.006. [PMID: 27328448]
  • Geoffrey D Miller, Vinod Nair, M Scott Morrison, Maggie Summers, Stuart E Willick, Daniel Eichner. Intranasal delivery of Natesto® testosterone gel and its effects on doping markers. Drug testing and analysis. 2016 Nov; 8(11-12):1197-1203. doi: 10.1002/dta.2106. [PMID: 27714988]
  • K Alsaadi, S C Voss, S Kraiem, A Alwahaibi, S Alyazedi, N Dbes, R Goebel, V Mohamed-Ali, S Alsowaidi, A M Seyam, A S Bashraheel, M Alsayrafi, C Georgakopoulos. The effect of fasting during Ramadan on parameters of the haematological and steroidal modules of the athletes biological passport - a pilot study. Drug testing and analysis. 2015 Nov; 7(11-12):1017-24. doi: 10.1002/dta.1917. [PMID: 26695489]
  • S M Ahmad, C Almeida, N R Neng, J M F Nogueira. Application of bar adsorptive microextraction (BAμE) for anti-doping control screening of anabolic steroids in urine matrices. Journal of chromatography. B, Analytical technologies in the biomedical and life sciences. 2014 Oct; 969(?):35-41. doi: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2014.07.040. [PMID: 25156963]
  • Shane Darke, Michelle Torok, Johan Duflou. Sudden or unnatural deaths involving anabolic-androgenic steroids. Journal of forensic sciences. 2014 Jul; 59(4):1025-8. doi: 10.1111/1556-4029.12424. [PMID: 24611438]
  • Weidong Dai, Peiyuan Yin, Ping Chen, Hongwei Kong, Ping Luo, Zhiliang Xu, Xin Lu, Guowang Xu. Study of urinary steroid hormone disorders: difference between hepatocellular carcinoma in early stage and cirrhosis. Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry. 2014 Jul; 406(18):4325-35. doi: 10.1007/s00216-014-7843-3. [PMID: 24817358]
  • Ju-Yeon Moon, Woonyong Kwon, Sungill Suh, Jae Chul Cheong, Moon Kyo In, Bong Chul Chung, Jin Young Kim, Man Ho Choi. Reference ranges for urinary levels of testosterone and epitestosterone, which may reveal gonadal function, in a Korean male population. The Journal of steroid biochemistry and molecular biology. 2014 Mar; 140(?):100-5. doi: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2013.12.001. [PMID: 24333796]
  • Qisheng Zhong, Yufei Hu, Gongke Li. A novel protocol for molecularly imprinted polymer filaments online coupled to GC-MS for the determination of androgenic steroids in urine. Journal of separation science. 2013 Dec; 36(24):3903-10. doi: 10.1002/jssc.201300874. [PMID: 24151099]
  • Alina Plenis, Natalia Miękus, Ilona Olędzka, Tomasz Bączek, Anna Lewczuk, Zofia Woźniak, Patrycja Koszałka, Barbara Seroczyńska, Jarosław Skokowski. Chemometric evaluation of urinary steroid hormone levels as potential biomarkers of neuroendocrine tumors. Molecules (Basel, Switzerland). 2013 Oct; 18(10):12857-76. doi: 10.3390/molecules181012857. [PMID: 24135941]
  • Masato Okano, Toshihiko Ueda, Yasunori Nishitani, Hiroko Kano, Ayako Ikekita, Shinji Kageyama. UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 2B17 genotyping in Japanese athletes and evaluation of the current sports drug testing for detecting testosterone misuse. Drug testing and analysis. 2013 Mar; 5(3):166-81. doi: 10.1002/dta.1394. [PMID: 22887913]
  • Chun-Chi Wang, Shu-Fang Cheng, Hui-Ling Cheng, Yen-Ling Chen. Analysis of anabolic androgenic steroids in urine by full-capillary sample injection combined with a sweeping CE stacking method. Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry. 2013 Feb; 405(6):1969-76. doi: 10.1007/s00216-012-6640-0. [PMID: 23263519]
  • Chunting Zhang, Ping Su, Siming Wang, Fangyu Ding, Yang Yang, Yi Yang. Immunoextraction of testosterone and epitestosterone from human urine sample based on polyamidoamine modified silica. Journal of immunoassay & immunochemistry. 2013; 34(3):246-54. doi: 10.1080/15321819.2012.704473. [PMID: 23656245]
  • Chun-Chi Wang, Jia-Ling Chen, Yen-Ling Chen, Hui-Ling Cheng, Shou-Mei Wu. A novel stacking method of repetitive large volume sample injection and sweeping MEKC for determination of androgenic steroids in urine. Analytica chimica acta. 2012 Sep; 744(?):99-104. doi: 10.1016/j.aca.2012.07.021. [PMID: 22935380]
  • Thomas Piper, Andreas Thomas, Mario Thevis, Martial Saugy. Investigations on hydrogen isotope ratios of endogenous urinary steroids: reference-population-based thresholds and proof-of-concept. Drug testing and analysis. 2012 Sep; 4(9):717-27. doi: 10.1002/dta.1416. [PMID: 22991188]
  • Anders Rane, Lena Ekström. [Introduction of genetic analysis can provide us with safer doping tests. Large variation in androgen turnover creates problems in current tests]. Lakartidningen. 2012 Jul; 109(29-31):1347-9. doi: NULL. [PMID: 22913116]
  • Anders Rane, Lena Ekström. Androgens and doping tests: genetic variation and pit-falls. British journal of clinical pharmacology. 2012 Jul; 74(1):3-15. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2125.2012.04294.x. [PMID: 22506612]
  • Simona Pichini, Roberto De Luca, Manuela Pellegrini, Emilia Marchei, Maria Concetta Rotolo, Roberta Spoletini, Paola D'Aloja, Roberta Pacifici, Claudia Mortali, Giulia Scaravelli. Hair and urine testing to assess drugs of abuse consumption in couples undergoing assisted reproductive technology (ART). Forensic science international. 2012 May; 218(1-3):57-61. doi: 10.1016/j.forsciint.2011.10.011. [PMID: 22018744]
  • Mario Thevis, Hans Geyer, Gerd Sigmund, Wilhelm Schänzer. Sports drug testing: Analytical aspects of selected cases of suspected, purported, and proven urine manipulation. Journal of pharmaceutical and biomedical analysis. 2012 Jan; 57(?):26-32. doi: 10.1016/j.jpba.2011.09.002. [PMID: 21955645]
  • Tomasz Bączek, Ilona Olędzka, Lucyna Konieczna, Piotr Kowalski, Alina Plenis. Biomedical evaluation of cortisol, cortisone, and corticosterone along with testosterone and epitestosterone applying micellar electrokinetic chromatography. TheScientificWorldJournal. 2012; 2012(?):268120. doi: 10.1100/2012/268120. [PMID: 22536129]
  • Monica Mazzarino, Maria Cristina Braganò, Xavier de la Torre, Francesco Molaioni, Francesco Botrè. Relevance of the selective oestrogen receptor modulators tamoxifen, toremifene and clomiphene in doping field: endogenous steroids urinary profile after multiple oral doses. Steroids. 2011 Nov; 76(12):1400-6. doi: 10.1016/j.steroids.2011.06.005. [PMID: 21745489]
  • Andreu Fabregat, Oscar J Pozo, Josep Marcos, Jordi Segura, Rosa Ventura. Alternative markers for the long-term detection of oral testosterone misuse. Steroids. 2011 Nov; 76(12):1367-76. doi: 10.1016/j.steroids.2011.07.005. [PMID: 21782838]
  • Tim J McDonald, Mandy H Perry, Angus G Jones, Mollie Donohoe, Maurice B Salzmann, John O'Connor. A novel case of a raised testosterone and LH in a young man. Clinica chimica acta; international journal of clinical chemistry. 2011 Oct; 412(21-22):1999-2001. doi: 10.1016/j.cca.2011.06.028. [PMID: 21756889]
  • Gushinder Kaur-Atwal, James C Reynolds, Christopher Mussell, Elodie Champarnaud, Tom W Knapman, Alison E Ashcroft, Gavin O'Connor, Steven D R Christie, Colin S Creaser. Determination of testosterone and epitestosterone glucuronides in urine by ultra performance liquid chromatography-ion mobility-mass spectrometry. The Analyst. 2011 Oct; 136(19):3911-6. doi: 10.1039/c1an15450h. [PMID: 21842047]
  • Patricia Anielski, Juliane Simmchen, Lars Wassill, Dirk Ganghofner, Detlef Thieme. Epidemiological investigation of the UGT2B17 polymorphism in doping control urine samples and its correlation to T/E ratios. Drug testing and analysis. 2011 Oct; 3(10):645-51. doi: 10.1002/dta.332. [PMID: 21928278]
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  • Monica Mazzarino, Maria Gabriella Abate, Roberto Alocci, Francesca Rossi, Raffaella Stinchelli, Francesco Molaioni, Xavier de la Torre, Francesco Botrè. Urine stability and steroid profile: towards a screening index of urine sample degradation for anti-doping purpose. Analytica chimica acta. 2011 Jan; 683(2):221-6. doi: 10.1016/j.aca.2010.10.003. [PMID: 21167974]
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