guggulsterone (BioDeep_00000860321)

Main id: BioDeep_00000229929

 

PANOMIX_OTCML-2023 natural product


代谢物信息卡片


(8R,9S,10R,13S,14S,17E)-17-ethylidene-10,13-dimethyl-1,2,6,7,8,9,11,12,14,15-decahydrocyclopenta[a]phenanthrene-3,16-quinone

化学式: C21H28O2 (312.2089)
中文名称: 孕二烯二酮E, 香胶甾酮
谱图信息: 最多检出来源 () 0%

分子结构信息

SMILES: C/C=C1/C(=O)C[C@H]2[C@@H]3CCC4=CC(=O)CC[C@]4(C)[C@H]3CC[C@]12C
InChI: InChI=1S/C21H28O2/c1-4-16-19(23)12-18-15-6-5-13-11-14(22)7-9-20(13,2)17(15)8-10-21(16,18)3/h4,11,15,17-18H,5-10,12H2,1-3H3/b16-4-/t15-,17+,18+,20+,21-/m1/s1

描述信息

(-)-(E)-Guggulsterone is the metabolite of Z-guggulsterone. Guggulsterone is an active constituent of guggulipid, an ayurvedic agent derived from Commiphora mukul. Guggulsterone has hypolipidaemic activity[1].
(-)-(E)-Guggulsterone is the metabolite of Z-guggulsterone. Guggulsterone is an active constituent of guggulipid, an ayurvedic agent derived from Commiphora mukul. Guggulsterone has hypolipidaemic activity[1].
Guggulsterone is a plant sterol derived from the gum resin of the tree Commiphora wightii. Guggulsterone inhibits the growth of a wide variety of tumor cells and induces apoptosis through down regulation of antiapoptotic gene products (IAP1, xIAP, Bfl-1/A1, Bcl-2, cFLIP and survivin), modulation of cell cycle proteins (cyclin D1 and c-Myc), activation of caspases and JNK, inhibition of Akt[1]. Guggulsterone, a farnesoid X receptor (FXR) antagonist, decreases CDCA-induced FXR activation with IC50s of 17 and 15 μM for Z- and E-Guggulsterone, respectively[2].
Guggulsterone is a plant sterol derived from the gum resin of the tree Commiphora wightii. Guggulsterone inhibits the growth of a wide variety of tumor cells and induces apoptosis through down regulation of antiapoptotic gene products (IAP1, xIAP, Bfl-1/A1, Bcl-2, cFLIP and survivin), modulation of cell cycle proteins (cyclin D1 and c-Myc), activation of caspases and JNK, inhibition of Akt[1]. Guggulsterone, a farnesoid X receptor (FXR) antagonist, decreases CDCA-induced FXR activation with IC50s of 17 and 15 μM for Z- and E-Guggulsterone, respectively[2].
Guggulsterone is a plant sterol derived from the gum resin of the tree Commiphora wightii. Guggulsterone inhibits the growth of a wide variety of tumor cells and induces apoptosis through down regulation of antiapoptotic gene products (IAP1, xIAP, Bfl-1/A1, Bcl-2, cFLIP and survivin), modulation of cell cycle proteins (cyclin D1 and c-Myc), activation of caspases and JNK, inhibition of Akt[1]. Guggulsterone, a farnesoid X receptor (FXR) antagonist, decreases CDCA-induced FXR activation with IC50s of 17 and 15 μM for Z- and E-Guggulsterone, respectively[2].

同义名列表

17 个代谢物同义名

(8R,9S,10R,13S,14S,17E)-17-ethylidene-10,13-dimethyl-1,2,6,7,8,9,11,12,14,15-decahydrocyclopenta[a]phenanthrene-3,16-quinone; (8R,9S,10R,13S,14S,17E)-17-ethylidene-10,13-dimethyl-1,2,6,7,8,9,11,12,14,15-decahydrocyclopenta[a]phenanthrene-3,16-dione; Guggulsterone(pregna-4,17-diene-3,16-dione); (17E)-Pregna-4,17(20)-diene-3,16-dione; (17E)-pregna-4,17-diene-3,16-dione; pregna-4,17-diene-3,16-dione; trans-Guggulsterone; (Z)-Guggulsterone; (E)-guggulsterone; Guggulsterones E; Spectrum5_002033; NCGC00091913-01; E-Guggulsterone; guggulsterone; 95975-55-6; (-)-(E)-Guggulsterone; Z/E-Guggulsterone



数据库引用编号

10 个数据库交叉引用编号

分类词条

相关代谢途径

Reactome(0)

BioCyc(0)

PlantCyc(0)

代谢反应

0 个相关的代谢反应过程信息。

Reactome(0)

BioCyc(0)

WikiPathways(0)

Plant Reactome(0)

INOH(0)

PlantCyc(0)

COVID-19 Disease Map(0)

PathBank(0)

PharmGKB(0)

26 个相关的物种来源信息

在这里通过桑基图来展示出与当前的这个代谢物在我们的BioDeep知识库中具有相关联信息的其他代谢物。在这里进行关联的信息来源主要有：

  • PubMed: 来源于PubMed文献库中的文献信息，我们通过自然语言数据挖掘得到的在同一篇文献中被同时提及的相关代谢物列表，这个列表按照代谢物同时出现的文献数量降序排序，取前10个代谢物作为相关研究中关联性很高的代谢物集合展示在桑基图中。
  • NCBI Taxonomy: 通过文献数据挖掘，得到的代谢物物种来源信息关联。这个关联信息同样按照出现的次数降序排序，取前10个代谢物作为高关联度的代谢物集合展示在桑吉图上。
  • Chemical Taxonomy: 在物质分类上处于同一个分类集合中的其他代谢物
  • Chemical Reaction: 在化学反应过程中，存在为当前代谢物相关联的生化反应过程中的反应底物或者反应产物的关联代谢物信息。

点击图上的相关代谢物的名称，可以跳转到相关代谢物的信息页面。

亚细胞结构定位 关联基因列表


文献列表

  • Shumaila Ijaz, Javed Iqbal, Banzeer Ahsan Abbasi, Aasma Tufail, Tabassum Yaseen, Siraj Uddin, Kiran Usman, Rafi Ullah, Haseena Bibi, Palwasha Inam, Elvira Sagindykova, Eda Sönmez Gürer, Solomon Habtemariam, Daniela Calina, Javad Sharifi-Rad. Current stage of preclinical and clinical development of guggulsterone in cancers: Challenges and promises. Cell biology international. 2024 Feb; 48(2):128-142. doi: 10.1002/cbin.12112. [PMID: 38148708]
  • Ting Zhou, Shunli Zhao, Sanyuan Tang, Yongli Wang, Ruoxia Wu, Xiaoyan Zeng, Ping Yang, Xi Zhang, Xuefei Tian. Guggulsterone Promotes Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Cells Exosomal Circfip1L1 to Mediate miR-125a-5p/VEGFA Affecting Tumor Angiogenesis. Current molecular pharmacology. 2023; 16(8):870-880. doi: 10.2174/1874467216666230111112116. [PMID: 36635928]
  • Yu Fu, Han Feng, Xue Ding, Qing-Hai Meng, Shu-Rui Zhang, Jun Li, Ying Chao, Ting-Ting Ji, Yun-Hui Bi, Wei-Wei Zhang, Qi Chen, Yu-Han Zhang, You-Long Feng, Hui-Min Bian. Alisol B 23-acetate adjusts bile acid metabolisim via hepatic FXR-BSEP signaling activation to alleviate atherosclerosis. Phytomedicine : international journal of phytotherapy and phytopharmacology. 2022 Jul; 101(?):154120. doi: 10.1016/j.phymed.2022.154120. [PMID: 35523117]
  • Minna Liu, Wenjun Wang, Jinhan Wang, Chuntian Fang, Tianlong Liu. Z-Guggulsterone alleviates renal fibrosis by mitigating G2/M cycle arrest through Klotho/p53 signaling. Chemico-biological interactions. 2022 Feb; 354(?):109846. doi: 10.1016/j.cbi.2022.109846. [PMID: 35123992]
  • Rishabh Khera, Sidharth Mehan, Sonalika Bhalla, Sumit Kumar, Abdulrahman Alshammari, Metab Alharbi, Satya Sai Sadhu. Guggulsterone Mediated JAK/STAT and PPAR-Gamma Modulation Prevents Neurobehavioral and Neurochemical Abnormalities in Propionic Acid-Induced Experimental Model of Autism. Molecules (Basel, Switzerland). 2022 Jan; 27(3):. doi: 10.3390/molecules27030889. [PMID: 35164154]
  • Petar D Petrov, Polina Soluyanova, Sonia Sánchez-Campos, José V Castell, Ramiro Jover. Molecular mechanisms of hepatotoxic cholestasis by clavulanic acid: Role of NRF2 and FXR pathways. Food and chemical toxicology : an international journal published for the British Industrial Biological Research Association. 2021 Dec; 158(?):112664. doi: 10.1016/j.fct.2021.112664. [PMID: 34767876]
  • Han Tian, Yanni Gui, Yuanhui Wei, Bin Shang, Jian Sun, Shan Ma, Wenjie You, Shujuan Jiang. Z-guggulsterone induces PD-L1 upregulation partly mediated by FXR, Akt and Erk1/2 signaling pathways in non-small cell lung cancer. International immunopharmacology. 2021 Apr; 93(?):107395. doi: 10.1016/j.intimp.2021.107395. [PMID: 33529916]
  • Sarvesh Sabarathinam, Satish Kumar Rajappan Chandra, Vijayakumar Thangavel Mahalingam. CYP3A4 mediated pharmacokinetics drug interaction potential of Maha-Yogaraj Gugglu and E, Z guggulsterone. Scientific reports. 2021 01; 11(1):715. doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-80595-5. [PMID: 33436877]
  • Ankit Balhara, Mayur Ladumor, Dilip Kumar Singh, Pammi Praneetha, Jalvadi Preethi, Sunil Pokharkar, Abhijeet Yashwantrao Deshpande, Sanjeev Giri, Saranjit Singh. In vitro evaluation of reactive nature of E- and Z-guggulsterones and their metabolites in human liver microsomes using UHPLC-Orbitrap mass spectrometer. Journal of pharmaceutical and biomedical analysis. 2020 Jul; 186(?):113275. doi: 10.1016/j.jpba.2020.113275. [PMID: 32247160]
  • Md Afroz Ahmad, Mohd Mujeeb, Mohd Akhtar, Mohd Khushtar, Mohd Arif, Md Rafiul Haque. Guggulipid: A Promising Multi-Purpose Herbal Medicinal Agent. Drug research. 2020 Apr; 70(4):123-130. doi: 10.1055/a-1115-4669. [PMID: 32110820]
  • Bo Ram Kim, Jinjoo Kim, Jong Eun Lee, Eun Jig Lee, Jin Sook Yoon. Therapeutic Effect of Guggulsterone in Primary Cultured Orbital Fibroblasts Obtained From Patients with Graves' Orbitopathy. Investigative ophthalmology & visual science. 2020 03; 61(3):39. doi: 10.1167/iovs.61.3.39. [PMID: 32196098]
  • Jun Yeon Park, Jae Wook Lee, Chang-Ho Lee, Hae-Jeung Lee, Ki Sung Kang. Synthesis and inhibitory effect of cis-guggulsterone on lipopolysaccharide-induced production of nitric oxide in macrophages. Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters. 2020 03; 30(5):126962. doi: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2020.126962. [PMID: 31980338]
  • Lamjed Bouslama, Bochra Kouidhi, Yasir Mohammed Alqurashi, Kamel Chaieb, Adele Papetti. Virucidal Effect of Guggulsterone Isolated from Commiphora gileadensis. Planta medica. 2019 Nov; 85(16):1225-1232. doi: 10.1055/a-1014-3303. [PMID: 31590195]
  • Xiaohui Wang, Ting Fu, Junqiao Wang, Changyuan Wang, Kexin Liu, Jingjing Wu, Huijun Sun, Xiaodong Ma, Pengyuan Sun, Qiang Meng. Hepatoprotection of yangonin against hepatic fibrosis in mice via farnesoid X receptor activation. International immunopharmacology. 2019 Oct; 75(?):105833. doi: 10.1016/j.intimp.2019.105833. [PMID: 31450152]
  • Xin Han, Zhen-Yu Cui, Jian Song, Hui-Qing Piao, Li-Hua Lian, Li-Shuang Hou, Ge Wang, Shuang Zheng, Xiu-Xiu Dong, Ji-Xing Nan, Yan-Ling Wu. Acanthoic acid modulates lipogenesis in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease via FXR/LXRs-dependent manner. Chemico-biological interactions. 2019 Sep; 311(?):108794. doi: 10.1016/j.cbi.2019.108794. [PMID: 31421115]
  • Daniela Passeri, Andrea Carotti, Jose M Ramos Pittol, Gianmario Ciaccioli, Roberto Pellicciari, Saskia W C van Mil, Antimo Gioiello. Dissecting the allosteric FXR modulation: a chemical biology approach using guggulsterone as a chemical tool. MedChemComm. 2019 Aug; 10(8):1412-1419. doi: 10.1039/c9md00264b. [PMID: 31673308]
  • Dario Cattaneo, Annalisa Ridolfo, Sara Baldelli, Cristina Gervasoni. Effects of guggulsterones-containing thermogenic complex on elvitegravir plasma concentrations: a case report. European journal of clinical pharmacology. 2019 Aug; 75(8):1177-1178. doi: 10.1007/s00228-019-02677-2. [PMID: 30982083]
  • A Gautam, Y N Paudel, Saz Abidin, U Bhandari. Guggulsterone, a farnesoid X receptor antagonist lowers plasma trimethylamine-N-oxide levels: An evidence from in vitro and in vivo studies. Human & experimental toxicology. 2019 Mar; 38(3):356-370. doi: 10.1177/0960327118817862. [PMID: 30526076]
  • Mohamed A Morsy, Snehal S Patel, Azza A K El-Sheikh, Jignasa K Savjani, Anroop B Nair, Jigar N Shah, Katharigatta N Venugopala. Computational and Biological Comparisons of Plant Steroids as Modulators of Inflammation through Interacting with Glucocorticoid Receptor. Mediators of inflammation. 2019; 2019(?):3041438. doi: 10.1155/2019/3041438. [PMID: 31263381]
  • Yashpal S Chhonker, Hardik Chandasana, Veenu Bala, Rao Mukkavilli, Deepak Kumar, Subrahmanyam Vangala, Rabi S Bhatta. In-vitro metabolism, CYP profiling and metabolite identification of E- and Z- guggulsterone, a potent hypolipidmic agent. Journal of pharmaceutical and biomedical analysis. 2018 Oct; 160(?):202-211. doi: 10.1016/j.jpba.2018.06.047. [PMID: 30099292]
  • Xiumei Che, Ki Cheong Park, Soo Jung Park, You Hyun Kang, Hyun A Jin, Joo Wan Kim, Dong Hyuk Seo, Dae Kyu Kim, Tae Il Kim, Won Ho Kim, Seung Won Kim, Jae Hee Cheon. Protective effects of guggulsterone against colitis are associated with the suppression of TREM-1 and modulation of macrophages. American journal of physiology. Gastrointestinal and liver physiology. 2018 07; 315(1):G128-G139. doi: 10.1152/ajpgi.00027.2018. [PMID: 29543509]
  • Fan Yang, Yao Wang, Gang Li, Juan Xue, Zhi-Lin Chen, Feng Jin, Lei Luo, Xuan Zhou, Qian Ma, Xin Cai, Hua-Rong Li, Lei Zhao. Effects of corilagin on alleviating cholestasis via farnesoid X receptor-associated pathways in vitro and in vivo. British journal of pharmacology. 2018 03; 175(5):810-829. doi: 10.1111/bph.14126. [PMID: 29235094]
  • Dahae Lee, Taejung Kim, Ki Hyun Kim, Jungyeob Ham, Tae Su Jang, Ki Sung Kang, Jae Wook Lee. Evaluation of guggulsterone derivatives as novel kidney cell protective agents against cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity. Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters. 2017 07; 27(14):3156-3161. doi: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2017.05.033. [PMID: 28552338]
  • Nayoung Kim, Jin Myung Park, Sang Hyub Lee, Bo Hye Kim, Jun Hyuk Son, Ji Kon Ryu, Yong-Tae Kim, Woochang Lee. Effect of Combinatory Treatment With Resveratrol and Guggulsterone on Mild Acute Pancreatitis in Mice. Pancreas. 2017 03; 46(3):366-371. doi: 10.1097/mpa.0000000000000763. [PMID: 28099255]
  • Qiang Meng, Xing-Ping Duan, Chang-Yuan Wang, Zhi-Hao Liu, Peng-Yuan Sun, Xiao-Kui Huo, Hui-Jun Sun, Jin-Yong Peng, Ke-Xin Liu. Alisol B 23-acetate protects against non-alcoholic steatohepatitis in mice via farnesoid X receptor activation. Acta pharmacologica Sinica. 2017 Jan; 38(1):69-79. doi: 10.1038/aps.2016.119. [PMID: 27773935]
  • Wenxuan Xu, Chunfeng Lu, Feng Zhang, Jiangjuan Shao, Shunyu Yao, Shizhong Zheng. Dihydroartemisinin counteracts fibrotic portal hypertension via farnesoid X receptor-dependent inhibition of hepatic stellate cell contraction. The FEBS journal. 2017 01; 284(1):114-133. doi: 10.1111/febs.13956. [PMID: 27896916]
  • Zhuo Chen, Chao Huang, Wenbin Ding. Z-Guggulsterone Improves the Scopolamine-Induced Memory Impairments Through Enhancement of the BDNF Signal in C57BL/6J Mice. Neurochemical research. 2016 Dec; 41(12):3322-3332. doi: 10.1007/s11064-016-2064-0. [PMID: 27677871]
  • Yashpal S Chhonker, Hardik Chandasana, Rao Mukkavilli, Yarra Durga Prasad, Tulsankar Sachin Laxman, Subrahmanyam Vangala, Rabi S Bhatta. Assessment of in vitro metabolic stability, plasma protein binding, and pharmacokinetics of E- and Z-guggulsterone in rat. Drug testing and analysis. 2016 Sep; 8(9):966-75. doi: 10.1002/dta.1885. [PMID: 26608935]
  • Rida Ahmed, Yan-Hong Wang, Zulfiqar Ali, Troy J Smillie, Ikhlas A Khan. HPLC Method for Chemical Fingerprinting of Guggul (Commiphora wightii)--Quantification of E- and Z-Guggulsterones and Detection of Possible Adulterants. Planta medica. 2016 Mar; 82(4):356-61. doi: 10.1055/s-0035-1558211. [PMID: 26669677]
  • Dong-Goo Kim, Gi-Sang Bae, Il-Joo Jo, Sun-Bok Choi, Myoung-Jin Kim, Jun-Hyeok Jeong, Dae-Gil Kang, Ho-Sub Lee, Ho-Joon Song, Sung-Joo Park. Guggulsterone Attenuated Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Inflammatory Responses in Mouse Inner Medullary Collecting Duct-3 Cells. Inflammation. 2016 Feb; 39(1):87-95. doi: 10.1007/s10753-015-0226-x. [PMID: 26260258]
  • Takanori Yamada, Ken Sugimoto. Guggulsterone and Its Role in Chronic Diseases. Advances in experimental medicine and biology. 2016; 929(?):329-361. doi: 10.1007/978-3-319-41342-6_15. [PMID: 27771932]
  • Shishir Shishodia, Nkem Azu, Jason A Rosenzweig, Desiree A Jackson. Guggulsterone for Chemoprevention of Cancer. Current pharmaceutical design. 2016; 22(3):294-306. doi: 10.2174/1381612822666151112153117. [PMID: 26561056]
  • Poonam Agrawal, Rashmi Vegda, Kirti Laddha. Simultaneous Estimation of Withaferin A and Z-Guggulsterone in Marketed Formulation by RP-HPLC. Journal of chromatographic science. 2015 Jul; 53(6):940-4. doi: 10.1093/chromsci/bmu153. [PMID: 25572656]
  • Dong-Goo Kim, Gi-Sang Bae, Sun-Bok Choi, Il-Joo Jo, Joon-Yeon Shin, Sung-Kon Lee, Myoung-Jin Kim, Min-Jun Kim, Hyun-Woo Jeong, Chang-Min Choi, Seung-Hee Seo, Gab-Chul Choo, Sang-Wan Seo, Ho-Joon Song, Sung-Joo Park. Guggulsterone attenuates cerulein-induced acute pancreatitis via inhibition of ERK and JNK activation. International immunopharmacology. 2015 May; 26(1):194-202. doi: 10.1016/j.intimp.2015.03.030. [PMID: 25843255]
  • Chia-Wen Hsu, Jinghua Zhao, Ruili Huang, Jui-Hua Hsieh, Jon Hamm, Xiaoqing Chang, Keith Houck, Menghang Xia. Quantitative high-throughput profiling of environmental chemicals and drugs that modulate farnesoid X receptor. Scientific reports. 2014 Sep; 4(?):6437. doi: 10.1038/srep06437. [PMID: 25257666]
  • M V Mithila, Farhath Khanum. The appetite regulatory effect of guggulsterones in rats: a repertoire of plasma hormones and neurotransmitters. Journal of dietary supplements. 2014 Sep; 11(3):262-71. doi: 10.3109/19390211.2014.937045. [PMID: 25025986]
  • Liping Yang, David Broderick, Yuan Jiang, Victor Hsu, Claudia S Maier. Conformational dynamics of human FXR-LBD ligand interactions studied by hydrogen/deuterium exchange mass spectrometry: insights into the antagonism of the hypolipidemic agent Z-guggulsterone. Biochimica et biophysica acta. 2014 Sep; 1844(9):1684-93. doi: 10.1016/j.bbapap.2014.06.007. [PMID: 24953769]
  • Takanori Yamada, Satoshi Osawa, Mutsuhiro Ikuma, Masayoshi Kajimura, Mitsushige Sugimoto, Takahisa Furuta, Moriya Iwaizumi, Ken Sugimoto. Guggulsterone, a plant-derived inhibitor of NF-TB, suppresses CDX2 and COX-2 expression and reduces the viability of esophageal adenocarcinoma cells. Digestion. 2014; 90(3):208-17. doi: 10.1159/000365750. [PMID: 25427631]
  • Guoqin Jiang, Xiao Xiao, Yan Zeng, Kalyanam Nagabhushanam, Muhammed Majeed, Dong Xiao. Targeting beta-catenin signaling to induce apoptosis in human breast cancer cells by z-guggulsterone and Gugulipid extract of Ayurvedic medicine plant Commiphora mukul. BMC complementary and alternative medicine. 2013 Aug; 13(?):203. doi: 10.1186/1472-6882-13-203. [PMID: 23914993]
  • Pooja Pal, Jitendra K Kanaujiya, Savita Lochab, Shashi B Tripathi, Sabyasachi Sanyal, Gerhard Behre, Arun K Trivedi. Proteomic analysis of rosiglitazone and guggulsterone treated 3T3-L1 preadipocytes. Molecular and cellular biochemistry. 2013 Apr; 376(1-2):81-93. doi: 10.1007/s11010-012-1551-0. [PMID: 23275126]
  • Dong-Won Ahn, Jeong Kyun Seo, Sang Hyub Lee, Jin-Hyeok Hwang, Jun Kyu Lee, Ji Kon Ryu, Yong-Tae Kim, Yong Bum Yoon. Enhanced antitumor effect of combination therapy with gemcitabine and guggulsterone in pancreatic cancer. Pancreas. 2012 Oct; 41(7):1048-57. doi: 10.1097/mpa.0b013e318249d62e. [PMID: 22513291]
  • Y T Kamal, S Mohammed Musthaba, Mhaveer Singh, Rabea Parveen, Sayeed Ahmad, Sanjula Baboota, Imran Ali, Khalid M Siddiqui, S M Arif Zaidi. Development and validation of HPLC method for simultaneous estimation of piperine and guggulsterones in compound Unani formulation (tablets) and a nanoreservoir system. Biomedical chromatography : BMC. 2012 Oct; 26(10):1183-90. doi: 10.1002/bmc.2676. [PMID: 22213335]
  • Wen-Ching Wang, Yih-Huei Uen, Ming-Long Chang, Khoot-Peng Cheah, Joe-Sharg Li, Wen-Yu Yu, Kock-Chee Lee, Cheuk-Sing Choy, Chien-Ming Hu. Protective effect of guggulsterone against cardiomyocyte injury induced by doxorubicin in vitro. BMC complementary and alternative medicine. 2012 Aug; 12(?):138. doi: 10.1186/1472-6882-12-138. [PMID: 22920231]
  • Ramona Steri, Janosch Achenbach, Dieter Steinhilber, Manfred Schubert-Zsilavecz, Ewgenij Proschak. Investigation of imatinib and other approved drugs as starting points for antidiabetic drug discovery with FXR modulating activity. Biochemical pharmacology. 2012 Jun; 83(12):1674-81. doi: 10.1016/j.bcp.2012.02.027. [PMID: 22414727]
  • Dongfang Yang, Jian Yang, Deshi Shi, Da Xiao, Yi-Tzai Chen, Chris Black, Ruitang Deng, Bingfang Yan. Hypolipidemic agent Z-guggulsterone: metabolism interplays with induction of carboxylesterase and bile salt export pump. Journal of lipid research. 2012 Mar; 53(3):529-539. doi: 10.1194/jlr.m014688. [PMID: 22246918]
  • Zhongsheng Peng, Jean-Pierre Raufman, Guofeng Xie. Src-mediated cross-talk between farnesoid X and epidermal growth factor receptors inhibits human intestinal cell proliferation and tumorigenesis. PloS one. 2012; 7(10):e48461. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0048461. [PMID: 23119029]
  • Hichame Id Boufker, Laurence Lagneaux, Hussein Fayyad-Kazan, Bassam Badran, Mehdi Najar, Murielle Wiedig, Ghanem Ghanem, Guy Laurent, Jean-Jacques Body, Fabrice Journé. Role of farnesoid X receptor (FXR) in the process of differentiation of bone marrow stromal cells into osteoblasts. Bone. 2011 Dec; 49(6):1219-31. doi: 10.1016/j.bone.2011.08.013. [PMID: 21893226]
  • Syed Ghulam Musharraf, Naveed Iqbal, Umair Gulzar, Azhar Ali, Muhammad Iqbal Choudhary, Atta-Ur-Rahman. Effective separation and analysis of E- and Z-guggulsterones in Commiphora mukul resin, guggulipid and their pharmaceutical product by high performance thin-layer chromatography-densitometric method. Journal of pharmaceutical and biomedical analysis. 2011 Sep; 56(2):240-5. doi: 10.1016/j.jpba.2011.05.021. [PMID: 21676570]
  • R S Bhatta, D Kumar, Y S Chhonker, G K Jain. Simultaneous estimation of E- and Z-isomers of guggulsterone in rabbit plasma using liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry and its application to pharmacokinetic study. Biomedical chromatography : BMC. 2011 Sep; 25(9):1054-60. doi: 10.1002/bmc.1574. [PMID: 21268049]
  • Valentina Sepe, Giuseppe Bifulco, Barbara Renga, Claudio D'Amore, Stefano Fiorucci, Angela Zampella. Discovery of sulfated sterols from marine invertebrates as a new class of marine natural antagonists of farnesoid-X-receptor. Journal of medicinal chemistry. 2011 Mar; 54(5):1314-20. doi: 10.1021/jm101336m. [PMID: 21309576]
  • Nilesh M Kalariya, Mohammad Shoeb, Aramati B M Reddy, Min Zhang, Frederik J G M van Kuijk, Kota V Ramana. Prevention of endotoxin-induced uveitis in rats by plant sterol guggulsterone. Investigative ophthalmology & visual science. 2010 Oct; 51(10):5105-13. doi: 10.1167/iovs.09-4873. [PMID: 20435582]
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