(5E,8E,11E)-hexadeca-5,8,11-trienoyl-CoA (BioDeep_00000226271)
human metabolite
代谢物信息卡片
化学式: C37H60N7O17P3S (999.2979100000001)
中文名称:
谱图信息:
最多检出来源 () 0%
分子结构信息
SMILES: CCCCC=CCC=CCC=CCCCC(=O)SCCNC(=O)CCNC(=O)C(O)C(C)(C)COP(O)(=O)OP(O)(=O)OCC1OC(C(O)C1OP(O)(O)=O)N1C=NC2=C1N=CN=C2N
InChI: InChI=1S/C37H60N7O17P3S/c1-4-5-6-7-8-9-10-11-12-13-14-15-16-17-28(46)65-21-20-39-27(45)18-19-40-35(49)32(48)37(2,3)23-58-64(55,56)61-63(53,54)57-22-26-31(60-62(50,51)52)30(47)36(59-26)44-25-43-29-33(38)41-24-42-34(29)44/h7-8,10-11,13-14,24-26,30-32,36,47-48H,4-6,9,12,15-23H2,1-3H3,(H,39,45)(H,40,49)(H,53,54)(H,55,56)(H2,38,41,42)(H2,50,51,52)
描述信息
(5e,8e,11e)-hexadeca-5,8,11-trienoyl-coa is an acyl-CoA or acyl-coenzyme A. More specifically, it is a (5E_8E_11E)-hexadeca-5_8_11-trienoic acid thioester of coenzyme A. (5e,8e,11e)-hexadeca-5,8,11-trienoyl-coa is an acyl-CoA with 10 fatty acid group as the acyl moiety attached to coenzyme A. Coenzyme A was discovered in 1946 by Fritz Lipmann (Journal of Biological Chemistry (1946) 162 (3): 743–744) and its structure was determined in the early 1950s at the Lister Institute in London. Coenzyme A is a complex, thiol-containing molecule that is naturally synthesized from pantothenate (vitamin B5), which is found in various foods such as meat, vegetables, cereal grains, legumes, eggs, and milk. More specifically, coenzyme A (CoASH or CoA) consists of a beta-mercaptoethylamine group linked to the vitamin pantothenic acid (B5) through an amide linkage and 3-phosphorylated ADP. Coenzyme A is synthesized in a five-step process that requires four molecules of ATP, pantothenate and cysteine. It is believed that there are more than 1100 types of acyl-CoA’s in the human body, which also corresponds to the number of acylcarnitines in the human body. Acyl-CoAs exists in all living species, ranging from bacteria to plants to humans. The general role of acyl-CoA’s is to assist in transferring fatty acids from the cytoplasm to mitochondria. This process facilitates the production of fatty acids in cells, which are essential in cell membrane structure. Acyl-CoAs are also susceptible to beta oxidation, forming, ultimately, acetyl-CoA. Acetyl-CoA can enter the citric acid cycle, eventually forming several equivalents of ATP. In this way, fats are converted to ATP -- or biochemical energy. Acyl-CoAs can be classified into 9 different categories depending on the size of their acyl-group: 1) short-chain acyl-CoAs; 2) medium-chain acyl-CoAs; 3) long-chain acyl-CoAs; and 4) very long-chain acyl-CoAs; 5) hydroxy acyl-CoAs; 6) branched chain acyl-CoAs; 7) unsaturated acyl-CoAs; 8) dicarboxylic acyl-CoAs and 9) miscellaneous acyl-CoAs. Short-chain acyl-CoAs have acyl-groups with two to four carbons (C2-C4), medium-chain acyl-CoAs have acyl-groups with five to eleven carbons (C5-C11), long-chain acyl-CoAs have acyl-groups with twelve to twenty carbons (C12-C20) while very long-chain acyl-CoAs have acyl groups with more than 20 carbons. (5e,8e,11e)-hexadeca-5,8,11-trienoyl-coa is therefore classified as a medium chain acyl-CoA. The oxidative degradation of fatty acids is a two-step process, catalyzed by acyl-CoA synthetase/synthase. Fatty acids are first converted to their acyl phosphate, the precursor to acyl-CoA. The latter conversion is mediated by acyl-CoA synthase. Three types of acyl-CoA synthases are employed, depending on the chain length of the fatty acid. (5e,8e,11e)-hexadeca-5,8,11-trienoyl-coa, being a medium chain acyl-CoA is a substrate for medium chain acyl-CoA synthase. The second step of fatty acid degradation is beta oxidation. Beta oxidation occurs in mitochondria and, in the case of very long chain acyl-CoAs, the peroxisome. After its formation in the cytosol, (5E,8E,11E)-hexadeca-5,8,11-trienoyl-CoA is transported into the mitochondria, the locus of beta oxidation. Transport of (5E,8E,11E)-hexadeca-5,8,11-trienoyl-CoA into the mitochondria requires carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1 (CPT1), which converts (5E,8E,11E)-hexadeca-5,8,11-trienoyl-CoA into (5E_8E_11E)-hexadeca-5_8_11-trienoylcarnitine, which gets transported into the mitochondrial matrix. Once in the matrix, (5E_8E_11E)-hexadeca-5_8_11-trienoylcarnitine is converted back to (5E,8E,11E)-hexadeca-5,8,11-trienoyl-CoA by CPT2, whereupon beta-oxidation can begin. Beta oxidation of (5E,8E,11E)-hexadeca-5,8,11-trienoyl-CoA occurs in four steps. First, since (5E,8E,11E)-hexadeca-5,8,11-trienoyl-CoA is a medium chain acyl-CoA it is the substrate for a medium chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase, which catalyzes dehydrogenation of (5E,8E,11E)-hexadeca-5,8,11-trienoyl-CoA, creating a double bon...
同义名列表
6 个代谢物同义名
4-({[({[5-(6-amino-9H-purin-9-yl)-4-hydroxy-3-(phosphonooxy)oxolan-2-yl]methoxy}(hydroxy)phosphoryl)oxy](hydroxy)phosphoryl}oxy)-N-(2-{[2-(hexadeca-5,8,11-trienoylsulphanyl)ethyl]-C-hydroxycarbonimidoyl}ethyl)-2-hydroxy-3,3-dimethylbutanimidic acid; 4-({[({[5-(6-amino-9H-purin-9-yl)-4-hydroxy-3-(phosphonooxy)oxolan-2-yl]methoxy}(hydroxy)phosphoryl)oxy](hydroxy)phosphoryl}oxy)-N-(2-{[2-(hexadeca-5,8,11-trienoylsulphanyl)ethyl]-C-hydroxycarbonimidoyl}ethyl)-2-hydroxy-3,3-dimethylbutanimidate; 4-({[({[5-(6-amino-9H-purin-9-yl)-4-hydroxy-3-(phosphonooxy)oxolan-2-yl]methoxy}(hydroxy)phosphoryl)oxy](hydroxy)phosphoryl}oxy)-N-(2-{[2-(hexadeca-5,8,11-trienoylsulfanyl)ethyl]-C-hydroxycarbonimidoyl}ethyl)-2-hydroxy-3,3-dimethylbutanimidate; {[5-(6-amino-9H-purin-9-yl)-2-[({[({3-[(2-{[2-(hexadeca-5,8,11-trienoylsulfanyl)ethyl]carbamoyl}ethyl)carbamoyl]-3-hydroxy-2,2-dimethylpropoxy}(hydroxy)phosphoryl)oxy](hydroxy)phosphoryl}oxy)methyl]-4-hydroxyoxolan-3-yl]oxy}phosphonic acid; [5-(6-aminopurin-9-yl)-2-{[({3-[(2-{[2-(hexadeca-5,8,11-trienoylsulfanyl)ethyl]carbamoyl}ethyl)carbamoyl]-3-hydroxy-2,2-dimethylpropoxy(hydroxy)phosphoryl}oxy(hydroxy)phosphoryl)oxy]methyl}-4-hydroxyoxolan-3-yl]oxyphosphonic acid; (5E,8E,11E)-hexadeca-5,8,11-trienoyl-CoA
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