Leonurine (BioDeep_00000000212)

 

Secondary id: BioDeep_00000796885

human metabolite PANOMIX_OTCML-2023 blood metabolite natural product


代谢物信息卡片


Benzoic acid, 4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxy-, 4-((aminoiminomethyl)amino)butyl ester

化学式: C14H21N3O5 (311.1481136)
中文名称: 盐酸益母草碱, 益母草碱
谱图信息: 最多检出来源 Chinese Herbal Medicine(otcml) 69.28%

分子结构信息

SMILES: COC1=CC(=CC(=C1O)OC)C(=O)OCCCCN=C(N)N
InChI: InChI=1S/C14H21N3O5/c1-20-10-7-9(8-11(21-2)12(10)18)13(19)22-6-4-3-5-17-14(15)16/h7-8,18H,3-6H2,1-2H3,(H4,15,16,17)

描述信息

Leonurine is a trihydroxybenzoic acid.
Leonurine is a natural product found in Leonotis leonurus and Leonurus sibiricus with data available.
Leonurine is an alkaloid isolated from Leonurus artemisia, with anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory.
Leonurine is an alkaloid isolated from Leonurus artemisia, with anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory.

同义名列表

24 个代谢物同义名

Benzoic acid, 4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxy-, 4-((aminoiminomethyl)amino)butyl ester; Benzoic acid, 4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxy-, 4-[(aminoiminomethyl)amino]butyl ester; Benzoic acid, 4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxy-, ester with (4-hydroxybutyl)guanidine; 4-[(diaminomethylidene)amino]butyl 4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxybenzoate; 4-HYDROXY-3,5-DIMETHOXYBENZOIC ACID .DELTA.-GUANIDINOBUTYL ESTER; 4-(diaminomethylideneamino)butyl 4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxybenzoate; 4-Guanidinobutyl 4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxybenzoate xhydrochloride; 4-Carbamimidamidobutyl 4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxybenzoic acid; 4-carbamimidamidobutyl 4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxybenzoate; (4-(4-HYDROXY-3,5-DIMETHOXYBENZOYLOXY)BUTYL)GUANIDINE; 4-GUANIDINOBUTYL 4-HYDROXY-3,5-DIMETHOXYBENZOATE; SYRINGIC ACID .DELTA.-GUANIDINOBUTYL ESTER; 4-guanidino-1-butanol syringate; 4-guanidino-n-butyl syringate; 4-Guanidinobutyl syringate; Leonurine-hydrochloride; Leonurine hydrochloride; UNII-09Q5W34QDA; LEONURINE [MI]; 09Q5W34QDA; Norboldine; Leonurine; SCM-198; Leonurine



数据库引用编号

18 个数据库交叉引用编号

分类词条

相关代谢途径

Reactome(0)

BioCyc(0)

PlantCyc(0)

代谢反应

0 个相关的代谢反应过程信息。

Reactome(0)

BioCyc(0)

WikiPathways(0)

Plant Reactome(0)

INOH(0)

PlantCyc(0)

COVID-19 Disease Map(0)

PathBank(0)

PharmGKB(0)

15 个相关的物种来源信息

在这里通过桑基图来展示出与当前的这个代谢物在我们的BioDeep知识库中具有相关联信息的其他代谢物。在这里进行关联的信息来源主要有：

  • PubMed: 来源于PubMed文献库中的文献信息，我们通过自然语言数据挖掘得到的在同一篇文献中被同时提及的相关代谢物列表，这个列表按照代谢物同时出现的文献数量降序排序，取前10个代谢物作为相关研究中关联性很高的代谢物集合展示在桑基图中。
  • NCBI Taxonomy: 通过文献数据挖掘，得到的代谢物物种来源信息关联。这个关联信息同样按照出现的次数降序排序，取前10个代谢物作为高关联度的代谢物集合展示在桑吉图上。
  • Chemical Taxonomy: 在物质分类上处于同一个分类集合中的其他代谢物
  • Chemical Reaction: 在化学反应过程中，存在为当前代谢物相关联的生化反应过程中的反应底物或者反应产物的关联代谢物信息。

点击图上的相关代谢物的名称，可以跳转到相关代谢物的信息页面。



文献列表

  • Ran Cheng, Xiaowan Wang, Lihua Huang, Zhisheng Lu, Aijun Wu, Shan Guo, Chuang Li, Wei Mao, Ying Xie, Peng Xu, Ruimin Tian. Novel insights into the protective effects of leonurine against acute kidney injury: Inhibition of ER stress-associated ferroptosis via regulating ATF4/CHOP/ACSL4 pathway. Chemico-biological interactions. 2024 May; 395(?):111016. doi: 10.1016/j.cbi.2024.111016. [PMID: 38670420]
  • Priyanka Gupta, Anuj Sharma, Dinesh A Nagegowda. Multi-omics: Powerful accelerator for uncovering plant specialized metabolic pathways: The case of leonurine. Molecular plant. 2024 01; 17(1):13-15. doi: 10.1016/j.molp.2023.12.007. [PMID: 38102830]
  • Xiao-Na Ma, Wei Feng, Nan Li, Shu-Lin Chen, Xiao-Qin Zhong, Jia-Xu Chen, Chang-Song Lin, Qiang Xu. Leonurine alleviates rheumatoid arthritis by regulating the Hippo signaling pathway. Phytomedicine : international journal of phytotherapy and phytopharmacology. 2024 Jan; 123(?):155243. doi: 10.1016/j.phymed.2023.155243. [PMID: 38056147]
  • Peng Li, Meng-Xiao Yan, Pan Liu, Dan-Jie Yang, Ze-Kun He, Yun Gao, Yan Jiang, Yu Kong, Xin Zhong, Sheng Wu, Jun Yang, Hong-Xia Wang, Yan-Bo Huang, Le Wang, Xiao-Ya Chen, Yong-Hong Hu, Qing Zhao, Ping Xu. Multi-Omics Analyses of Two Leonurus Species Illuminate Leonurine Biosynthesis and Its Evolution. Molecular plant. 2023 Nov; ?(?):. doi: 10.1016/j.molp.2023.11.003. [PMID: 37950440]
  • Zhiling Song, Shiyu Meng, Zhuang Tang, Xiaoxue Yang, Yuan He, Ying Zheng, Hui Guo, Meirong Du, Yizhun Zhu, Xiaolin Wang. Injectable leonurine nanocrystal-loaded microspheres for long-term hyperlipidemia management. Biomaterials science. 2023 May; ?(?):. doi: 10.1039/d3bm00211j. [PMID: 37248852]
  • Lv Zheng, Yuwen Luo, Dan Zhou, Hongyu Liu, Guizhen Zhou, Lin Meng, Yunpeng Hou, Changbin Liu, Jun Li, Xiangwei Fu. Leonurine improves bovine oocyte maturation and subsequent embryonic development by reducing oxidative stress and improving mitochondrial function. Theriogenology. 2023 Mar; 199(?):11-18. doi: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2023.01.010. [PMID: 36680865]
  • Siyuan Shen, Gaojun Wu, Wu Luo, Weixin Li, Xiaobo Li, Chengyi Dai, Weijian Huang, Guang Liang. Leonurine attenuates angiotensin II-induced cardiac injury and dysfunction via inhibiting MAPK and NF-κB pathway. Phytomedicine : international journal of phytotherapy and phytopharmacology. 2023 Jan; 108(?):154519. doi: 10.1016/j.phymed.2022.154519. [PMID: 36332391]
  • Pan Meng, Xi Zhang, Dandan Li, Hui Yang, Xiaoyuan Lin, Hongqing Zhao, Ping Li, Yuhong Wang, Xiaoye Wang, Jinwen Ge. Leonurine Regulates Hippocampal Nerve Regeneration in Rats with Chronic and Unpredictable Mild Stress by Activating SHH/GLI Signaling Pathway and Restoring Gut Microbiota and Microbial Metabolic Homeostasis. Neural plasticity. 2023; 2023(?):1455634. doi: 10.1155/2023/1455634. [PMID: 36647544]
  • Jianqiang Hu, Wenjing Gu, Ning Ma, Xiaoye Fan, Xinxin Ci. Leonurine alleviates ferroptosis in cisplatin-induced acute kidney injury by activating the Nrf2 signalling pathway. British journal of pharmacology. 2022 08; 179(15):3991-4009. doi: 10.1111/bph.15834. [PMID: 35303762]
  • Samir A Salama, Mohamed S Abdel-Bakky, Alaa A Mohamed. Upregulation of Nrf2 signaling and suppression of ferroptosis and NF-κB pathway by leonurine attenuate iron overload-induced hepatotoxicity. Chemico-biological interactions. 2022 Apr; 356(?):109875. doi: 10.1016/j.cbi.2022.109875. [PMID: 35247364]
  • Li Han, Aimei Chen, Ling Liu, Fang Wang. Leonurine Preconditioning Attenuates Ischemic Acute Kidney Injury in Rats by Promoting Nrf2 Nuclear Translocation and Suppressing TLR4/NF-κB Pathway. Chemical & pharmaceutical bulletin. 2022; 70(1):66-73. doi: 10.1248/cpb.c21-00740. [PMID: 34980736]
  • Xiao-Li Ding, Qing-Qing Yuan, Ding-Jia Xue, Fu-Ming Yang, Yi-Zhun Zhu, Hai-Bing Qian. [Effect and mechanism of leonurine on pressure overload-induced cardiac hypertrophy in rats]. Zhongguo Zhong yao za zhi = Zhongguo zhongyao zazhi = China journal of Chinese materia medica. 2022 Jan; 47(2):461-468. doi: 10.19540/j.cnki.cjcmm.20210805.401. [PMID: 35178990]
  • Fang Zong, Yingzi Zhao. Alkaloid leonurine exerts anti-inflammatory effects via modulating MST1 expression in trophoblast cells. Immunity, inflammation and disease. 2021 12; 9(4):1439-1446. doi: 10.1002/iid3.493. [PMID: 34318610]
  • Li-Nan Qiu, Ya-Rong Tan, Yu-Ju Luo, Xiao-Juan Chen. Leonurine protects against influenza A virus infection-induced pneumonia in mice. Pathogens and disease. 2021 09; 79(7):. doi: 10.1093/femspd/ftab045. [PMID: 34543397]
  • Feng Li, Sifeng Zhu, Qihui Jiang, Chenhui Hou, Tao Pang, Liang Zhang, Wenbao Li. Novel Stachydrine-Leonurine Conjugate SL06 as a Potent Neuroprotective Agent for Cerebral Ischemic Stroke. ACS chemical neuroscience. 2021 07; 12(13):2478-2490. doi: 10.1021/acschemneuro.1c00200. [PMID: 34180238]
  • Ruiyu Wang, Linqian Peng, Dingyi Lv, Feifei Shang, Jianghong Yan, Guoxing Li, Dan Li, Jing Ouyang, Jiadan Yang. Leonurine Attenuates Myocardial Fibrosis Through Upregulation of miR-29a-3p in Mice Post-myocardial Infarction. Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology. 2021 02; 77(2):189-199. doi: 10.1097/fjc.0000000000000957. [PMID: 33235025]
  • Lu Huang, Ding-Qiao Xu, Yan-Yan Chen, Shi-Jun Yue, Yu-Ping Tang. Leonurine, a potential drug for the treatment of cardiovascular system and central nervous system diseases. Brain and behavior. 2021 02; 11(2):e01995. doi: 10.1002/brb3.1995. [PMID: 33300684]
  • Li Liao, Lihong Gong, Mengting Zhou, Xinyan Xue, Yunxia Li, Cheng Peng. Leonurine Ameliorates Oxidative Stress and Insufficient Angiogenesis by Regulating the PI3K/Akt-eNOS Signaling Pathway in H2O2-Induced HUVECs. Oxidative medicine and cellular longevity. 2021; 2021(?):9919466. doi: 10.1155/2021/9919466. [PMID: 34394836]
  • Jiyeon Lee, Changhee Kim, Hyerin Lee, Jae-Kwan Hwang. Inhibitory Effects of Standardized Leonurus japonicus Extract and Its Bioactive Leonurine on TNF-α-Induced Muscle Atrophy in L6 Myotubes. Journal of microbiology and biotechnology. 2020 Dec; 30(12):1896-1904. doi: 10.4014/jmb.2005.05023. [PMID: 32627754]
  • Ting Xu, Xuxu Li, Tian Leng, Tianchi Zhuang, Yan Sun, Yajun Tang, Li Wang, Muyi Yang, Minghui Ji. CYP2A13 Acts as the Main Metabolic CYP450s Enzyme for Activating Leonurine in Human Bronchial Epithelial Cells. Medical science monitor : international medical journal of experimental and clinical research. 2020 Apr; 26(?):e922149. doi: 10.12659/msm.922149. [PMID: 32284524]
  • Yun-Yun Li, Yi-Kong Lin, Xin-Hua Liu, Li Wang, Min Yu, Da-Jin Li, Yi-Zhun Zhu, Mei-Rong Du. Leonurine: From Gynecologic Medicine to Pleiotropic Agent. Chinese journal of integrative medicine. 2020 Feb; 26(2):152-160. doi: 10.1007/s11655-019-3453-0. [PMID: 31069695]
  • Damu Lin, Hongqiang Wu, Zongwei Zhou, Zhenyu Tao, Weiyang Gao, Tanghong Jia. The Effect of Leonurine on Multiterritory Perforator Flap Survival in Rats. The Journal of surgical research. 2020 01; 245(?):453-460. doi: 10.1016/j.jss.2019.07.085. [PMID: 31445497]
  • Ruiyu Wang, Dan Li, Jing Ouyang, Xiaocui Tian, Yongpeng Zhao, Xin Peng, Siyu Li, Guiquan Yu, Jiadan Yang. Leonurine alleviates LPS-induced myocarditis through suppressing the NF-кB signaling pathway. Toxicology. 2019 06; 422(?):1-13. doi: 10.1016/j.tox.2019.04.011. [PMID: 31005592]
  • Yan-Qing Wen, Li-Ying Gong, Lin Wang, Nan Zhao, Qi Sun, Mohamed Olounfeh Kamara, Hai-Ying Ma, Fan-Hao Meng. Comparative pharmacokinetics study of leonurine and stachydrine in normal rats and rats with cold-stagnation and blood-stasis primary dysmenorrhoea after the administration of Leonurus japonicus houtt electuary. Journal of separation science. 2019 May; 42(9):1725-1732. doi: 10.1002/jssc.201801257. [PMID: 30839168]
  • Zhi-Chao Hu, Lan-Fang Gong, Xiao-Bin Li, Xin Fu, Jiang-Wei Xuan, Zhen-Hua Feng, Wen-Fei Ni. Inhibition of PI3K/Akt/NF-κB signaling with leonurine for ameliorating the progression of osteoarthritis: In vitro and in vivo studies. Journal of cellular physiology. 2019 05; 234(5):6940-6950. doi: 10.1002/jcp.27437. [PMID: 30417459]
  • Li Yang, Gang Liu, Kexun Lian, Yanjie Qiao, Baojun Zhang, Xiaoqing Zhu, Yan Luo, Yunxia Shang, Xin-Li Gu. Dietary leonurine hydrochloride supplementation attenuates lipopolysaccharide challenge-induced intestinal inflammation and barrier dysfunction by inhibiting the NF-κB/MAPK signaling pathway in broilers. Journal of animal science. 2019 Apr; 97(4):1679-1692. doi: 10.1093/jas/skz078. [PMID: 30789669]
  • Li Yang, Gang Liu, Xiaoqing Zhu, Yan Luo, Yunxia Shang, Xin-Li Gu. The anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects of leonurine hydrochloride after lipopolysaccharide challenge in broiler chicks. Poultry science. 2019 Apr; 98(4):1648-1657. doi: 10.3382/ps/pey532. [PMID: 30476291]
  • Pan Meng, Qing Zhu, Hui Yang, Dan Liu, Xiaoyuan Lin, Jian Liu, Jingying Fan, Xiaodan Liu, Wei Su, Lin Liu, Yuhong Wang, Xiong Cai. Leonurine promotes neurite outgrowth and neurotrophic activity by modulating the GR/SGK1 signaling pathway in cultured PC12 cells. Neuroreport. 2019 03; 30(4):247-254. doi: 10.1097/wnr.0000000000001180. [PMID: 30694908]
  • Li Zhang, Hui-Xia Li, Wu-Si Pan, Farhan Ullah Khan, Cheng Qian, Feng-Rong Qi-Li, Xiaojun Xu. Novel hepatoprotective role of Leonurine hydrochloride against experimental non-alcoholic steatohepatitis mediated via AMPK/SREBP1 signaling pathway. Biomedicine & pharmacotherapy = Biomedecine & pharmacotherapie. 2019 Feb; 110(?):571-581. doi: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.12.003. [PMID: 30537674]
  • Xi Liu, Wei Cao, Jia Qi, Qing Li, Min Zhao, Zhuyun Chen, Jingfeng Zhu, Zhimin Huang, Lin Wu, Bo Zhang, Yanggang Yuan, Changying Xing. Leonurine ameliorates adriamycin-induced podocyte injury via suppression of oxidative stress. Free radical research. 2018 Sep; 52(9):952-960. doi: 10.1080/10715762.2018.1500021. [PMID: 30334481]
  • Yi Zhun Zhu, Weijun Wu, Qing Zhu, Xinhua Liu. Discovery of Leonuri and therapeutical applications: From bench to bedside. Pharmacology & therapeutics. 2018 08; 188(?):26-35. doi: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2018.01.006. [PMID: 29360539]
  • Chenggui Wang, Zengjie Zhang, Tianzhen Xu, Yiting Lou, Qingqing Wang, Haiming Jin, Lilian Zhang, Yongzeng Feng, Huazi Xu, Cong Mao. Upregulating mTOR/ERK signaling with leonurine for promoting angiogenesis and tissue regeneration in a full-thickness cutaneous wound model. Food & function. 2018 Apr; 9(4):2374-2385. doi: 10.1039/c7fo01289f. [PMID: 29589609]
  • Miaomiao Jia, Chenxin Li, Ying Zheng, Xiaojing Ding, Meng Chen, Jianhua Ding, Renhong Du, Ming Lu, Gang Hu. Leonurine Exerts Antidepressant-Like Effects in the Chronic Mild Stress-Induced Depression Model in Mice by Inhibiting Neuroinflammation. The international journal of neuropsychopharmacology. 2017 11; 20(11):886-895. doi: 10.1093/ijnp/pyx062. [PMID: 29016795]
  • Nan Li, Qiang Xu, Qingping Liu, Dongmei Pan, Yubao Jiang, Minying Liu, Mingling Liu, Hanshi Xu, Changsong Lin. Leonurine attenuates fibroblast-like synoviocyte-mediated synovial inflammation and joint destruction in rheumatoid arthritis. Rheumatology (Oxford, England). 2017 08; 56(8):1417-1427. doi: 10.1093/rheumatology/kex142. [PMID: 28431044]
  • Lucimara L Zachow, Janaína M Ávila, Geovane A Saldanha, Marco A Mostardeiro, Ubiratan F da Silva, Ademir F Morel, Ionara I Dalcol. Chemical composition and evaluation of prolyl oligopeptidase and acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activities of Leonurus Sibiricus L. from Brazil. Natural product research. 2017 Jun; 31(12):1459-1463. doi: 10.1080/14786419.2016.1255890. [PMID: 27834099]
  • Ting Jiang, Kun Ren, Qian Chen, Heng Li, Rong Yao, Hu Hu, Yun-Cheng Lv, Guo-Jun Zhao. Leonurine Prevents Atherosclerosis Via Promoting the Expression of ABCA1 and ABCG1 in a Pparγ/Lxrα Signaling Pathway-Dependent Manner. Cellular physiology and biochemistry : international journal of experimental cellular physiology, biochemistry, and pharmacology. 2017; 43(4):1703-1717. doi: 10.1159/000484031. [PMID: 29045950]
  • Di Yang, Wanwan Jia, Yi Zhun Zhu. Leonurine, a Potential Agent of Traditional Chinese Medicine: Recent Updates and Future Perspectives. Natural product communications. 2016 Nov; 11(11):1757-1761. doi: ". [PMID: 30475522]
  • Yoji Kato, Rie Fujinaka, Maki Juri, Yui Yoshiki, Akari Ishisaka, Noritoshi Kitamoto, Yoko Nitta, Hirohito Ishikawa. Characterization of a Monoclonal Antibody against Syringate Derivatives: Application of Immunochemical Detection of Methyl Syringate in Honey. Journal of agricultural and food chemistry. 2016 Aug; 64(33):6495-501. doi: 10.1021/acs.jafc.6b01328. [PMID: 27477590]
  • Yanan Sun, Xiang Zhang, Tao Lu, Yuan Yuan, Qi Ding, Chuanhua Lu. A study on the PK and BA profiles in the mouse body for leonurine O/O microemulsion with determination by the LC-MS/MS method. European journal of drug metabolism and pharmacokinetics. 2016 Aug; 41(4):423-32. doi: 10.1007/s13318-015-0268-3. [PMID: 25698144]
  • Hans Wilhelm Rauwald, Alex Savtschenko, Alexander Merten, Christian Rusch, Kurt Appel, Kenny Kuchta. GABAA Receptor Binding Assays of Standardized Leonurus cardiaca and Leonurus japonicus Extracts as Well as Their Isolated Constituents. Planta medica. 2015 Aug; 81(12-13):1103-10. doi: 10.1055/s-0035-1546234. [PMID: 26218338]
  • Feng-Lai Yuan, Rui-Sheng Xu, Dong-Lin Jiang, Xing-Long He, Qiang Su, Chen Jin, Xia Li. Leonurine hydrochloride inhibits osteoclastogenesis and prevents osteoporosis associated with estrogen deficiency by inhibiting the NF-κB and PI3K/Akt signaling pathways. Bone. 2015 Jun; 75(?):128-37. doi: 10.1016/j.bone.2015.02.017. [PMID: 25708053]
  • Haibo Cheng, Yun Bo, Weixing Shen, Jiani Tan, Zhirong Jia, Changliang Xu, Furong Li. Leonurine ameliorates kidney fibrosis via suppressing TGF-β and NF-κB signaling pathway in UUO mice. International immunopharmacology. 2015 Apr; 25(2):406-15. doi: 10.1016/j.intimp.2015.02.023. [PMID: 25727888]
  • Lianqi Huang, Xin Yang, Anlin Peng, Hui Wang, Xiang Lei, Ling Zheng, Kun Huang. Inhibitory effect of leonurine on the formation of advanced glycation end products. Food & function. 2015 Feb; 6(2):584-9. doi: 10.1039/c4fo00960f. [PMID: 25518982]
  • Feng Mao, Liang Zhang, Ming-Hui Cai, Hong Guo, Hai-Hua Yuan. Leonurine hydrochloride induces apoptosis of H292 lung cancer cell by a mitochondria-dependent pathway. Pharmaceutical biology. 2015; 53(11):1684-90. doi: 10.3109/13880209.2014.1001406. [PMID: 25856714]
  • Daliang Xu, Maosheng Chen, Xianzhi Ren, Xianguo Ren, Yonggui Wu. Leonurine ameliorates LPS-induced acute kidney injury via suppressing ROS-mediated NF-κB signaling pathway. Fitoterapia. 2014 Sep; 97(?):148-55. doi: 10.1016/j.fitote.2014.06.005. [PMID: 24924288]
  • Qing Zhu, Jinlian Zhang, Ping Yang, Bo Tan, Xinhua Liu, Yuanting Zheng, Weimin Cai, Yizhun Zhu. Characterization of metabolites of leonurine (SCM-198) in rats after oral administration by liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry and NMR spectrometry. TheScientificWorldJournal. 2014; 2014(?):947946. doi: 10.1155/2014/947946. [PMID: 24772041]
  • Baohong Li, Jindong Wu, Xianglu Li. Simultaneous determination and pharmacokinetic study of stachydrine and leonurine in rat plasma after oral administration of Herba Leonuri extract by LC-MS/MS. Journal of pharmaceutical and biomedical analysis. 2013 Mar; 76(?):192-9. doi: 10.1016/j.jpba.2012.12.029. [PMID: 23348611]
  • Xin-Hua Liu, Li-Long Pan, Hai-Yan Deng, Qing-Hui Xiong, Dan Wu, Guo-Ying Huang, Qi-Hai Gong, Yi-Zhun Zhu. Leonurine (SCM-198) attenuates myocardial fibrotic response via inhibition of NADPH oxidase 4. Free radical biology & medicine. 2013 Jan; 54(?):93-104. doi: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2012.10.555. [PMID: 23127783]
  • K Kuchta, J Ortwein, H W Rauwald. Leonurus japonicus, Leonurus cardiaca, Leonotis leonurus: a novel HPLC study on the occurrence and content of the pharmacologically active guanidino derivative leonurine. Die Pharmazie. 2012 Dec; 67(12):973-9. doi: . [PMID: 23346757]
  • Yanfei Zhang, Wei Guo, Yadan Wen, Qinghui Xiong, Hongrui Liu, Jian Wu, Yunzeng Zou, Yizhun Zhu. SCM-198 attenuates early atherosclerotic lesions in hypercholesterolemic rabbits via modulation of the inflammatory and oxidative stress pathways. Atherosclerosis. 2012 Sep; 224(1):43-50. doi: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2012.06.066. [PMID: 22840690]
  • Xin Hua Liu, Li Long Pan, He Bei Yang, Qi Hai Gong, Yi Zhun Zhu. Leonurine attenuates lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammatory responses in human endothelial cells: involvement of reactive oxygen species and NF-κB pathways. European journal of pharmacology. 2012 Apr; 680(1-3):108-14. doi: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2012.01.012. [PMID: 22305882]
  • Hui Huang, Hong Xin, Xinhua Liu, Yajun Xu, Danyi Wen, Yahua Zhang, Yi Zhun Zhu. Novel anti-diabetic effect of SCM-198 via inhibiting the hepatic NF-κB pathway in db/db mice. Bioscience reports. 2012 Apr; 32(2):185-95. doi: 10.1042/bsr20110017. [PMID: 21859425]
  • Qing Zhu, Weimin Cai, Xianyi Sha, Guo Ma, Yuanting Zheng, Xueru Shi, Yizhun Zhu. Quantification of leonurine, a novel potential cardiovascular agent, in rat plasma by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry and its application to pharmacokinetic study in rats. Biomedical chromatography : BMC. 2012 Apr; 26(4):518-23. doi: 10.1002/bmc.1699. [PMID: 21882210]
  • Xin H Liu, Li L Pan, Yi Z Zhu. Active chemical compounds of traditional Chinese medicine Herba Leonuri: implications for cardiovascular diseases. Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology. 2012 Mar; 39(3):274-82. doi: 10.1111/j.1440-1681.2011.05630.x. [PMID: 22004449]
  • Kaium Ma, Yan Liu, Qing Zhu, Chun-hua Liu, Jun-Li Duan, Benny K-H Tan, Yi Zhun Zhu. H2S donor, S-propargyl-cysteine, increases CSE in SGC-7901 and cancer-induced mice: evidence for a novel anti-cancer effect of endogenous H2S?. PloS one. 2011; 6(6):e20525. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0020525. [PMID: 21738579]
  • Kok Poh Loh, Jia Qi, Benny Kwong Huat Tan, Xin Hua Liu, Bang Guo Wei, Yi Zhun Zhu. Leonurine protects middle cerebral artery occluded rats through antioxidant effect and regulation of mitochondrial function. Stroke. 2010 Nov; 41(11):2661-8. doi: 10.1161/strokeaha.110.589895. [PMID: 20947850]
  • Zhe Chen, Jian Bing Wu, Xiao Juan Liao, Wei Yang, Kang Song. Development and validation of an UPLC-DAD-MS method for the determination of leonurine in Chinese motherwort (Leonurus japonicus). Journal of chromatographic science. 2010 Nov; 48(10):802-6. doi: 10.1093/chromsci/48.10.802. [PMID: 21044409]
  • X H Liu, L L Pan, P F Chen, Y Z Zhu. Leonurine improves ischemia-induced myocardial injury through antioxidative activity. Phytomedicine : international journal of phytotherapy and phytopharmacology. 2010 Aug; 17(10):753-9. doi: 10.1016/j.phymed.2010.01.018. [PMID: 20185283]
  • Chang-Sheng Du, Rui-Fang Yang, Shu-Wei Song, Yi-Ping Wang, Jiu-Hong Kang, Ru Zhang, Ding-Feng Su, Xin Xie. Magnesium Lithospermate B Protects Cardiomyocytes from Ischemic Injury Via Inhibition of TAB1-p38 Apoptosis Signaling. Frontiers in pharmacology. 2010; 1(?):111. doi: 10.3389/fphar.2010.00111. [PMID: 21607062]
  • Xin-Hua Liu, Hong Xin, Ai-Jun Hou, Yi-Zhun Zhu. Protective effects of leonurine in neonatal rat hypoxic cardiomyocytes and rat infarcted heart. Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology. 2009 Jul; 36(7):696-703. doi: 10.1111/j.1440-1681.2008.05135.x. [PMID: 19594556]
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