NCBI Taxonomy: 45513

Scheffersomyces spartinae (ncbi_taxid: 45513)

found 12 associated metabolites at species taxonomy rank level.

Ancestor: Scheffersomyces

Child Taxonomies: none taxonomy data.

Indoleacetic acid

2-Amino-3-(2-amino-2-carboxy-ethyl)disulfanyl-propanoic acid

C10H9NO2 (175.0633254)


Indoleacetic acid (IAA) is a breakdown product of tryptophan metabolism and is often produced by the action of bacteria in the mammalian gut. Higher levels of IAA are associated with bacteria from Clostridium species including C. stricklandii, C. lituseburense, C. subterminale, and C. putrefaciens (PMID: 12173102). IAA can be found in Agrobacterium, Azospirillum, Bacillus, Bradyrhizobium, Clostridium, Enterobacter, Pantoea, Pseudomonas, Rhizobium (PMID: 12173102, PMID: 17555270, PMID: 12147474, PMID: 19400643, PMID: 9450337, PMID: 21397014) (https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-1-4612-3084-7_7) (https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1bf1b5m3). Some endogenous production of IAA in mammalian tissues also occurs. It may be produced by the decarboxylation of tryptamine or the oxidative deamination of tryptophan. IAA frequently occurs at low levels in urine and has been found in elevated levels in the urine of patients with phenylketonuria (PMID: 13610897). IAA has also been identified as a uremic toxin according to the European Uremic Toxin Working Group (PMID: 22626821). Using material extracted from human urine, it was discovered by Kogl in 1933 that indoleacetic acid is also an important plant hormone (PMID: 13610897). Specifically, IAA is a member of the group of phytohormones called auxins. IAA is generally considered to be the most important native auxin. Plant cells synthesize IAA from tryptophan (Wikipedia). IAA and some derivatives can be oxidized by horseradish peroxidase (HRP) into cytotoxic species. IAA is only toxic after oxidative decarboxylation; the effect of IAA/HRP is thought to be due in part to the formation of methylene-oxindole, which may conjugate with DNA bases and protein thiols. IAA/HRP could be used as the basis for targeted cancer, a potential new role for plant auxins in cancer therapy (PMID: 11163327). 1h-indol-3-ylacetic acid, also known as (indol-3-yl)acetate or heteroauxin, belongs to indole-3-acetic acid derivatives class of compounds. Those are compounds containing an acetic acid (or a derivative) linked to the C3 carbon atom of an indole. 1h-indol-3-ylacetic acid is slightly soluble (in water) and a weakly acidic compound (based on its pKa). 1h-indol-3-ylacetic acid is a mild, odorless, and sour tasting compound and can be found in a number of food items such as sweet bay, chinese bayberry, winter squash, and linden, which makes 1h-indol-3-ylacetic acid a potential biomarker for the consumption of these food products. 1h-indol-3-ylacetic acid can be found primarily in most biofluids, including blood, feces, saliva, and urine, as well as throughout most human tissues. 1h-indol-3-ylacetic acid exists in all living species, ranging from bacteria to humans. In humans, 1h-indol-3-ylacetic acid is involved in the tryptophan metabolism. Moreover, 1h-indol-3-ylacetic acid is found to be associated with appendicitis and irritable bowel syndrome. 1h-indol-3-ylacetic acid is a non-carcinogenic (not listed by IARC) potentially toxic compound. Chronic Exposure: Kidney dialysis is usually needed to relieve the symptoms of uremic syndrome until normal kidney function can be restored. CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 190; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX501; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 3375; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 3371 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 190; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX501; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 3366; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 3363 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 190; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX501; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 3365; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 3361 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 190; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX501; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 3395; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 3391 DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 190; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX501; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 3366; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 3363 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 190; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX501; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 3369; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 3366 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 190; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX501; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 3385; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 3380 D006133 - Growth Substances > D010937 - Plant Growth Regulators > D007210 - Indoleacetic Acids Acquisition and generation of the data is financially supported in part by CREST/JST. IPB_RECORD: 275; CONFIDENCE confident structure CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 2796 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 166 COVID info from COVID-19 Disease Map Corona-virus KEIO_ID I038 Coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 COVID-19 SARS-CoV COVID19 SARS2 SARS 3-Indoleacetic acid (Indole-3-acetic acid) is the most common natural plant growth hormone of the auxin class. It can be added to cell culture medium to induce plant cell elongation and division. 3-Indoleacetic acid (Indole-3-acetic acid) is the most common natural plant growth hormone of the auxin class. It can be added to cell culture medium to induce plant cell elongation and division.

   

3-Indolepropionic acid

Indole-3-propionic acid

C11H11NO2 (189.0789746)


3-Indolepropionic acid is shown to be a powerful antioxidant and has potential in the treatment for Alzheimer’s disease.

   

Indole-3-propionic acid

3-(1H-Indol-3-yl)propanoic acid

C11H11NO2 (189.0789746)


Indole-3-propionic acid (IPA, indole-3-propionate, or indole propionic acid), is a reductive product of tryptophan formed by bacteria in the gastrointestinal tract of mammals and birds (PMID:29168502). It is endogenously produced by human microbiota and has only been detected in vivo (PMID:19234110). While many microbial metabolites produced in the gut are toxic or act as uremic toxins (when they are reabsorbed through the gut epithelia), indole-3-propionic acid is a very beneficial microbial metabolite (PMID:30914514, 30862081, 29238104). In limited studies, urinary IPA correlates positively with disease and it remains unclear if this represents host bacteria responding to pathology via the production of IPA, or intestinal permeability changes leading to higher absorption and excretion of IPA, or inflammatory changes within kidneys leading to high excretion of IPA (PMID:32132996). Indole-3-propionic acid is a remarkably strong antioxidant (PMID:10721080). It is an even more potent scavenger of hydroxyl radicals than melatonin, the most potent scavenger of hydroxyl radicals synthesized by the human body. Similar to melatonin but unlike other antioxidants, indole-3-propionic acid scavenges radicals without subsequently generating reactive and pro-oxidant intermediate compounds (PMID:9928448, 10419516). Indole-3-propionic acid has been shown to prevent oxidative stress and the death of primary neurons and neuroblastoma cells exposed to the amyloid beta-protein in the form of amyloid fibrils, one of the most prominent neuropathologic features of Alzheimers disease. 3-Indolepropionic acid also shows a strong level of neuroprotection in two other paradigms of oxidative stress. (PMID 10419516) More recently it has been found that higher indole-3-propionic acid levels in serum/plasma are associated with a reduced likelihood of type 2 diabetes and with higher levels of consumption of fibre-rich foods (PMID:28397877). Studies have shown that serum levels of indole-3-propionic acid are positively correlated with dietary fibre intake and negatively correlated with C-reactive protein levels (PMID:29795366). Indole-3-propionic acid is a marker for the presence of Clostridium sporogenes in the gut. Higher levels are associated with higher levels of Clostridium sporogenes (PMID:7378938). In addition to its useful physiological role in mammals, indole-3-propionic acid is a plant hormone with functions similar to indole-3-acetic acid (or IAA), the major plant auxin. Recent studies have shed some light on additional mechanisms of action of IPA. In the intestine, IPA could serve as a ligand to an adopted orphan nuclear receptor, Pregnane X receptor (PXR) and act as an anti-inflammatory agent (PMID:25065623). This property has allowed investigators to develop more potent analogs targeting PXR (PMID:32153125). Other tissues may also be targeted by IPA in a similar manner (PMID:31211619). Indole-3-propionate (IPA), a deamination product of tryptophan formed by symbiotic bacteria in the gastrointestinal tract of mammals and birds. 3-Indolepropionic acid has been shown to prevent oxidative stress and death of primary neurons and neuroblastoma cells exposed to the amyloid beta-protein in the form of amyloid fibrils, one of the most prominent neuropathologic features of Alzheimers disease. 3-Indolepropionic acid also shows a strong level of neuroprotection in two other paradigms of oxidative stress. (PMID: 10419516) [HMDB]. 1H-Indole-3-propanoic acid is found in common pea. 3-Indolepropionic acid is shown to be a powerful antioxidant and has potential in the treatment for Alzheimer’s disease.

   

Indoleacetic acid

Indole-3-acetic acid

C10H9NO2 (175.0633254)


D006133 - Growth Substances > D010937 - Plant Growth Regulators > D007210 - Indoleacetic Acids COVID info from COVID-19 Disease Map Corona-virus Coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 COVID-19 SARS-CoV COVID19 SARS2 SARS 3-Indoleacetic acid (Indole-3-acetic acid) is the most common natural plant growth hormone of the auxin class. It can be added to cell culture medium to induce plant cell elongation and division. 3-Indoleacetic acid (Indole-3-acetic acid) is the most common natural plant growth hormone of the auxin class. It can be added to cell culture medium to induce plant cell elongation and division.

   

3-Indoleacetic acid

Indole-3-acetic acid

C10H9NO2 (175.0633254)


A monocarboxylic acid that is acetic acid in which one of the methyl hydrogens has been replaced by a 1H-indol-3-yl group. D006133 - Growth Substances > D010937 - Plant Growth Regulators > D007210 - Indoleacetic Acids COVID info from COVID-19 Disease Map Corona-virus Coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 COVID-19 SARS-CoV COVID19 SARS2 SARS MS2 deconvoluted using MS2Dec from all ion fragmentation data, MetaboLights identifier MTBLS1040; SEOVTRFCIGRIMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N_STSL_0200_3-Indoleacetic Acid_2000fmol_180831_S2_L02M02_62; Spectrum acquired as described in Naz et al 2017 PMID 28641411. Preparation and submission to MassBank of North America by Chaleckis R. and Tada I. MS2 deconvoluted using CorrDec from all ion fragmentation data, MetaboLights identifier MTBLS1040; Spectrum acquired as described in Naz et al 2017 PMID 28641411. Preparation and submission to MassBank of North America by Chaleckis R. and Tada I. 3-Indoleacetic acid (Indole-3-acetic acid) is the most common natural plant growth hormone of the auxin class. It can be added to cell culture medium to induce plant cell elongation and division. 3-Indoleacetic acid (Indole-3-acetic acid) is the most common natural plant growth hormone of the auxin class. It can be added to cell culture medium to induce plant cell elongation and division.

   

3-IAA

InChI=1\C10H9NO2\c12-10(13)5-7-6-11-9-4-2-1-3-8(7)9\h1-4,6,11H,5H2,(H,12,13

C10H9NO2 (175.0633254)


D006133 - Growth Substances > D010937 - Plant Growth Regulators > D007210 - Indoleacetic Acids COVID info from COVID-19 Disease Map Corona-virus Coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 COVID-19 SARS-CoV COVID19 SARS2 SARS 3-Indoleacetic acid (Indole-3-acetic acid) is the most common natural plant growth hormone of the auxin class. It can be added to cell culture medium to induce plant cell elongation and division. 3-Indoleacetic acid (Indole-3-acetic acid) is the most common natural plant growth hormone of the auxin class. It can be added to cell culture medium to induce plant cell elongation and division.