Exact Mass: 871.5574
Exact Mass Matches: 871.5574
Found 58 metabolites which its exact mass value is equals to given mass value 871.5574,
within given mass tolerance error 0.01 dalton. Try search metabolite list with more accurate mass tolerance error
0.001 dalton.
PS(20:0/20:4(6Z,8E,10E,14Z)-2OH(5S,12R))
PS(20:0/20:4(6Z,8E,10E,14Z)-2OH(5S,12R)) is an oxidized phosphatidylserine (PS). Oxidized phosphatidylserines are glycerophospholipids in which a phosphorylserine moiety occupies a glycerol substitution site and at least one of the fatty acyl chains has undergone oxidation. As all oxidized lipids, oxidized phosphatidylserines belong to a group of biomolecules that have a role as signaling molecules. The biosynthesis of oxidized lipids is mediated by several enzymatic families, including cyclooxygenases (COX), lipoxygenases (LOX) and cytochrome P450s (CYP). Non-enzymatically oxidized lipids are produced by uncontrolled oxidation through free radicals and are considered harmful to human health (PMID: 33329396). As is the case with diacylglycerols, phosphatidylserines can have many different combinations of fatty acids of varying lengths, saturation and degrees of oxidation attached at the C-1 and C-2 positions. PS(20:0/20:4(6Z,8E,10E,14Z)-2OH(5S,12R)), in particular, consists of one chain of one eicosanoyl at the C-1 position and one chain of Leukotriene B4 at the C-2 position. Phospholipids are ubiquitous in nature and are key components of the lipid bilayer of cells, as well as being involved in metabolism and signaling. Similarly to what occurs with phospholipids, the fatty acid distribution at the C-1 and C-2 positions of glycerol within oxidized phospholipids is continually in flux, owing to phospholipid degradation and the continuous phospholipid remodeling that occurs while these molecules are in membranes. Oxidized PSs can be synthesized via three different routes. In one route, the oxidized PS is synthetized de novo following the same mechanisms as for PSs but incorporating oxidized acyl chains (PMID: 33329396). An alternative is the transacylation of one of the non-oxidized acyl chains with an oxidized acylCoA (PMID: 33329396). The third pathway results from the oxidation of the acyl chain while still attached to the PS backbone, mainly through the action of LOX (PMID: 33329396).
PS(20:4(6Z,8E,10E,14Z)-2OH(5S,12R)/20:0)
PS(20:4(6Z,8E,10E,14Z)-2OH(5S,12R)/20:0) is an oxidized phosphatidylserine (PS). Oxidized phosphatidylserines are glycerophospholipids in which a phosphorylserine moiety occupies a glycerol substitution site and at least one of the fatty acyl chains has undergone oxidation. As all oxidized lipids, oxidized phosphatidylserines belong to a group of biomolecules that have a role as signaling molecules. The biosynthesis of oxidized lipids is mediated by several enzymatic families, including cyclooxygenases (COX), lipoxygenases (LOX) and cytochrome P450s (CYP). Non-enzymatically oxidized lipids are produced by uncontrolled oxidation through free radicals and are considered harmful to human health (PMID: 33329396). As is the case with diacylglycerols, phosphatidylserines can have many different combinations of fatty acids of varying lengths, saturation and degrees of oxidation attached at the C-1 and C-2 positions. PS(20:4(6Z,8E,10E,14Z)-2OH(5S,12R)/20:0), in particular, consists of one chain of one Leukotriene B4 at the C-1 position and one chain of eicosanoyl at the C-2 position. Phospholipids are ubiquitous in nature and are key components of the lipid bilayer of cells, as well as being involved in metabolism and signaling. Similarly to what occurs with phospholipids, the fatty acid distribution at the C-1 and C-2 positions of glycerol within oxidized phospholipids is continually in flux, owing to phospholipid degradation and the continuous phospholipid remodeling that occurs while these molecules are in membranes. Oxidized PSs can be synthesized via three different routes. In one route, the oxidized PS is synthetized de novo following the same mechanisms as for PSs but incorporating oxidized acyl chains (PMID: 33329396). An alternative is the transacylation of one of the non-oxidized acyl chains with an oxidized acylCoA (PMID: 33329396). The third pathway results from the oxidation of the acyl chain while still attached to the PS backbone, mainly through the action of LOX (PMID: 33329396).
PS(20:0/20:4(6E,8Z,11Z,13E)-2OH(5S,15S))
PS(20:0/20:4(6E,8Z,11Z,13E)-2OH(5S,15S)) is an oxidized phosphatidylserine (PS). Oxidized phosphatidylserines are glycerophospholipids in which a phosphorylserine moiety occupies a glycerol substitution site and at least one of the fatty acyl chains has undergone oxidation. As all oxidized lipids, oxidized phosphatidylserines belong to a group of biomolecules that have a role as signaling molecules. The biosynthesis of oxidized lipids is mediated by several enzymatic families, including cyclooxygenases (COX), lipoxygenases (LOX) and cytochrome P450s (CYP). Non-enzymatically oxidized lipids are produced by uncontrolled oxidation through free radicals and are considered harmful to human health (PMID: 33329396). As is the case with diacylglycerols, phosphatidylserines can have many different combinations of fatty acids of varying lengths, saturation and degrees of oxidation attached at the C-1 and C-2 positions. PS(20:0/20:4(6E,8Z,11Z,13E)-2OH(5S,15S)), in particular, consists of one chain of one eicosanoyl at the C-1 position and one chain of 5(S),15(S)-Dihydroxyeicosatetraenoyl at the C-2 position. Phospholipids are ubiquitous in nature and are key components of the lipid bilayer of cells, as well as being involved in metabolism and signaling. Similarly to what occurs with phospholipids, the fatty acid distribution at the C-1 and C-2 positions of glycerol within oxidized phospholipids is continually in flux, owing to phospholipid degradation and the continuous phospholipid remodeling that occurs while these molecules are in membranes. Oxidized PSs can be synthesized via three different routes. In one route, the oxidized PS is synthetized de novo following the same mechanisms as for PSs but incorporating oxidized acyl chains (PMID: 33329396). An alternative is the transacylation of one of the non-oxidized acyl chains with an oxidized acylCoA (PMID: 33329396). The third pathway results from the oxidation of the acyl chain while still attached to the PS backbone, mainly through the action of LOX (PMID: 33329396).
PS(20:4(6E,8Z,11Z,13E)-2OH(5S,15S)/20:0)
PS(20:4(6E,8Z,11Z,13E)-2OH(5S,15S)/20:0) is an oxidized phosphatidylserine (PS). Oxidized phosphatidylserines are glycerophospholipids in which a phosphorylserine moiety occupies a glycerol substitution site and at least one of the fatty acyl chains has undergone oxidation. As all oxidized lipids, oxidized phosphatidylserines belong to a group of biomolecules that have a role as signaling molecules. The biosynthesis of oxidized lipids is mediated by several enzymatic families, including cyclooxygenases (COX), lipoxygenases (LOX) and cytochrome P450s (CYP). Non-enzymatically oxidized lipids are produced by uncontrolled oxidation through free radicals and are considered harmful to human health (PMID: 33329396). As is the case with diacylglycerols, phosphatidylserines can have many different combinations of fatty acids of varying lengths, saturation and degrees of oxidation attached at the C-1 and C-2 positions. PS(20:4(6E,8Z,11Z,13E)-2OH(5S,15S)/20:0), in particular, consists of one chain of one 5(S),15(S)-Dihydroxyeicosatetraenoyl at the C-1 position and one chain of eicosanoyl at the C-2 position. Phospholipids are ubiquitous in nature and are key components of the lipid bilayer of cells, as well as being involved in metabolism and signaling. Similarly to what occurs with phospholipids, the fatty acid distribution at the C-1 and C-2 positions of glycerol within oxidized phospholipids is continually in flux, owing to phospholipid degradation and the continuous phospholipid remodeling that occurs while these molecules are in membranes. Oxidized PSs can be synthesized via three different routes. In one route, the oxidized PS is synthetized de novo following the same mechanisms as for PSs but incorporating oxidized acyl chains (PMID: 33329396). An alternative is the transacylation of one of the non-oxidized acyl chains with an oxidized acylCoA (PMID: 33329396). The third pathway results from the oxidation of the acyl chain while still attached to the PS backbone, mainly through the action of LOX (PMID: 33329396).
PS(20:0/20:4(8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-2OH(5S,6R))
PS(20:0/20:4(8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-2OH(5S,6R)) is an oxidized phosphatidylserine (PS). Oxidized phosphatidylserines are glycerophospholipids in which a phosphorylserine moiety occupies a glycerol substitution site and at least one of the fatty acyl chains has undergone oxidation. As all oxidized lipids, oxidized phosphatidylserines belong to a group of biomolecules that have a role as signaling molecules. The biosynthesis of oxidized lipids is mediated by several enzymatic families, including cyclooxygenases (COX), lipoxygenases (LOX) and cytochrome P450s (CYP). Non-enzymatically oxidized lipids are produced by uncontrolled oxidation through free radicals and are considered harmful to human health (PMID: 33329396). As is the case with diacylglycerols, phosphatidylserines can have many different combinations of fatty acids of varying lengths, saturation and degrees of oxidation attached at the C-1 and C-2 positions. PS(20:0/20:4(8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-2OH(5S,6R)), in particular, consists of one chain of one eicosanoyl at the C-1 position and one chain of 5,6-Dihydroxyeicosatetraenoyl at the C-2 position. Phospholipids are ubiquitous in nature and are key components of the lipid bilayer of cells, as well as being involved in metabolism and signaling. Similarly to what occurs with phospholipids, the fatty acid distribution at the C-1 and C-2 positions of glycerol within oxidized phospholipids is continually in flux, owing to phospholipid degradation and the continuous phospholipid remodeling that occurs while these molecules are in membranes. Oxidized PSs can be synthesized via three different routes. In one route, the oxidized PS is synthetized de novo following the same mechanisms as for PSs but incorporating oxidized acyl chains (PMID: 33329396). An alternative is the transacylation of one of the non-oxidized acyl chains with an oxidized acylCoA (PMID: 33329396). The third pathway results from the oxidation of the acyl chain while still attached to the PS backbone, mainly through the action of LOX (PMID: 33329396).
PS(20:4(8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-2OH(5S,6R)/20:0)
PS(20:4(8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-2OH(5S,6R)/20:0) is an oxidized phosphatidylserine (PS). Oxidized phosphatidylserines are glycerophospholipids in which a phosphorylserine moiety occupies a glycerol substitution site and at least one of the fatty acyl chains has undergone oxidation. As all oxidized lipids, oxidized phosphatidylserines belong to a group of biomolecules that have a role as signaling molecules. The biosynthesis of oxidized lipids is mediated by several enzymatic families, including cyclooxygenases (COX), lipoxygenases (LOX) and cytochrome P450s (CYP). Non-enzymatically oxidized lipids are produced by uncontrolled oxidation through free radicals and are considered harmful to human health (PMID: 33329396). As is the case with diacylglycerols, phosphatidylserines can have many different combinations of fatty acids of varying lengths, saturation and degrees of oxidation attached at the C-1 and C-2 positions. PS(20:4(8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-2OH(5S,6R)/20:0), in particular, consists of one chain of one 5,6-Dihydroxyeicosatetraenoyl at the C-1 position and one chain of eicosanoyl at the C-2 position. Phospholipids are ubiquitous in nature and are key components of the lipid bilayer of cells, as well as being involved in metabolism and signaling. Similarly to what occurs with phospholipids, the fatty acid distribution at the C-1 and C-2 positions of glycerol within oxidized phospholipids is continually in flux, owing to phospholipid degradation and the continuous phospholipid remodeling that occurs while these molecules are in membranes. Oxidized PSs can be synthesized via three different routes. In one route, the oxidized PS is synthetized de novo following the same mechanisms as for PSs but incorporating oxidized acyl chains (PMID: 33329396). An alternative is the transacylation of one of the non-oxidized acyl chains with an oxidized acylCoA (PMID: 33329396). The third pathway results from the oxidation of the acyl chain while still attached to the PS backbone, mainly through the action of LOX (PMID: 33329396).
PS(20:1(11Z)/20:3(8Z,11Z,14Z)-2OH(5,6))
PS(20:1(11Z)/20:3(8Z,11Z,14Z)-2OH(5,6)) is an oxidized phosphatidylserine (PS). Oxidized phosphatidylserines are glycerophospholipids in which a phosphorylserine moiety occupies a glycerol substitution site and at least one of the fatty acyl chains has undergone oxidation. As all oxidized lipids, oxidized phosphatidylserines belong to a group of biomolecules that have a role as signaling molecules. The biosynthesis of oxidized lipids is mediated by several enzymatic families, including cyclooxygenases (COX), lipoxygenases (LOX) and cytochrome P450s (CYP). Non-enzymatically oxidized lipids are produced by uncontrolled oxidation through free radicals and are considered harmful to human health (PMID: 33329396). As is the case with diacylglycerols, phosphatidylserines can have many different combinations of fatty acids of varying lengths, saturation and degrees of oxidation attached at the C-1 and C-2 positions. PS(20:1(11Z)/20:3(8Z,11Z,14Z)-2OH(5,6)), in particular, consists of one chain of one 11Z-eicosenoyl at the C-1 position and one chain of 5,6-dihydroxyeicosatrienoyl at the C-2 position. Phospholipids are ubiquitous in nature and are key components of the lipid bilayer of cells, as well as being involved in metabolism and signaling. Similarly to what occurs with phospholipids, the fatty acid distribution at the C-1 and C-2 positions of glycerol within oxidized phospholipids is continually in flux, owing to phospholipid degradation and the continuous phospholipid remodeling that occurs while these molecules are in membranes. Oxidized PSs can be synthesized via three different routes. In one route, the oxidized PS is synthetized de novo following the same mechanisms as for PSs but incorporating oxidized acyl chains (PMID: 33329396). An alternative is the transacylation of one of the non-oxidized acyl chains with an oxidized acylCoA (PMID: 33329396). The third pathway results from the oxidation of the acyl chain while still attached to the PS backbone, mainly through the action of LOX (PMID: 33329396).
PS(20:3(8Z,11Z,14Z)-2OH(5,6)/20:1(11Z))
PS(20:3(8Z,11Z,14Z)-2OH(5,6)/20:1(11Z)) is an oxidized phosphatidylserine (PS). Oxidized phosphatidylserines are glycerophospholipids in which a phosphorylserine moiety occupies a glycerol substitution site and at least one of the fatty acyl chains has undergone oxidation. As all oxidized lipids, oxidized phosphatidylserines belong to a group of biomolecules that have a role as signaling molecules. The biosynthesis of oxidized lipids is mediated by several enzymatic families, including cyclooxygenases (COX), lipoxygenases (LOX) and cytochrome P450s (CYP). Non-enzymatically oxidized lipids are produced by uncontrolled oxidation through free radicals and are considered harmful to human health (PMID: 33329396). As is the case with diacylglycerols, phosphatidylserines can have many different combinations of fatty acids of varying lengths, saturation and degrees of oxidation attached at the C-1 and C-2 positions. PS(20:3(8Z,11Z,14Z)-2OH(5,6)/20:1(11Z)), in particular, consists of one chain of one 5,6-dihydroxyeicosatrienoyl at the C-1 position and one chain of 11Z-eicosenoyl at the C-2 position. Phospholipids are ubiquitous in nature and are key components of the lipid bilayer of cells, as well as being involved in metabolism and signaling. Similarly to what occurs with phospholipids, the fatty acid distribution at the C-1 and C-2 positions of glycerol within oxidized phospholipids is continually in flux, owing to phospholipid degradation and the continuous phospholipid remodeling that occurs while these molecules are in membranes. Oxidized PSs can be synthesized via three different routes. In one route, the oxidized PS is synthetized de novo following the same mechanisms as for PSs but incorporating oxidized acyl chains (PMID: 33329396). An alternative is the transacylation of one of the non-oxidized acyl chains with an oxidized acylCoA (PMID: 33329396). The third pathway results from the oxidation of the acyl chain while still attached to the PS backbone, mainly through the action of LOX (PMID: 33329396).
PC(18:2(9Z,12Z)/6 keto-PGF1alpha)
PC(18:2(9Z,12Z)/6 keto-PGF1alpha) is an oxidized phosphatidylcholine (PC or GPCho). Oxidized phosphatidylcholines are glycerophospholipids in which a phosphorylcholine moiety occupies a glycerol substitution site and at least one of the fatty acyl chains has undergone oxidation. As all oxidized lipids, oxidized phosphatidylcholines belong to a group of biomolecules that have a role as signaling molecules. The biosynthesis of oxidized lipids is mediated by several enzymatic families, including cyclooxygenases (COX), lipoxygenases (LOX) and cytochrome P450s (CYP). Non-enzymatically oxidized lipids are produced by uncontrolled oxidation through free radicals and are considered harmful to human health (PMID: 33329396). As is the case with diacylglycerols, glycerophosphocholines can have many different combinations of fatty acids of varying lengths, saturation and degrees of oxidation attached at the C-1 and C-2 positions. PC(18:2(9Z,12Z)/6 keto-PGF1alpha), in particular, consists of one chain of one 9Z,12Z-octadecadienoyl at the C-1 position and one chain of 6-Keto-prostaglandin F1alpha at the C-2 position. Phospholipids are ubiquitous in nature and are key components of the lipid bilayer of cells, as well as being involved in metabolism and signaling. Similarly to what occurs with phospholipids, the fatty acid distribution at the C-1 and C-2 positions of glycerol within oxidized phospholipids is continually in flux, owing to phospholipid degradation and the continuous phospholipid remodeling that occurs while these molecules are in membranes. Oxidized PCs can be synthesized via three different routes. In one route, the oxidized PC is synthetized de novo following the same mechanisms as for PCs but incorporating oxidized acyl chains (PMID: 33329396). An alternative is the transacylation of one of the non-oxidated acyl chains with an oxidated acylCoA (PMID: 33329396). The third pathway results from the oxidation of the acyl chain while still attached to the PC backbone, mainely through the action of LOX (PMID: 33329396).
PC(6 keto-PGF1alpha/18:2(9Z,12Z))
PC(6 keto-PGF1alpha/18:2(9Z,12Z)) is an oxidized phosphatidylcholine (PC or GPCho). Oxidized phosphatidylcholines are glycerophospholipids in which a phosphorylcholine moiety occupies a glycerol substitution site and at least one of the fatty acyl chains has undergone oxidation. As all oxidized lipids, oxidized phosphatidylcholines belong to a group of biomolecules that have a role as signaling molecules. The biosynthesis of oxidized lipids is mediated by several enzymatic families, including cyclooxygenases (COX), lipoxygenases (LOX) and cytochrome P450s (CYP). Non-enzymatically oxidized lipids are produced by uncontrolled oxidation through free radicals and are considered harmful to human health (PMID: 33329396). As is the case with diacylglycerols, glycerophosphocholines can have many different combinations of fatty acids of varying lengths, saturation and degrees of oxidation attached at the C-1 and C-2 positions. PC(6 keto-PGF1alpha/18:2(9Z,12Z)), in particular, consists of one chain of one 6-Keto-prostaglandin F1alpha at the C-1 position and one chain of 9Z,12Z-octadecadienoyl at the C-2 position. Phospholipids are ubiquitous in nature and are key components of the lipid bilayer of cells, as well as being involved in metabolism and signaling. Similarly to what occurs with phospholipids, the fatty acid distribution at the C-1 and C-2 positions of glycerol within oxidized phospholipids is continually in flux, owing to phospholipid degradation and the continuous phospholipid remodeling that occurs while these molecules are in membranes. Oxidized PCs can be synthesized via three different routes. In one route, the oxidized PC is synthetized de novo following the same mechanisms as for PCs but incorporating oxidized acyl chains (PMID: 33329396). An alternative is the transacylation of one of the non-oxidated acyl chains with an oxidated acylCoA (PMID: 33329396). The third pathway results from the oxidation of the acyl chain while still attached to the PC backbone, mainely through the action of LOX (PMID: 33329396).
PC(18:2(9Z,12Z)/TXB2)
PC(18:2(9Z,12Z)/TXB2) is an oxidized phosphatidylcholine (PC or GPCho). Oxidized phosphatidylcholines are glycerophospholipids in which a phosphorylcholine moiety occupies a glycerol substitution site and at least one of the fatty acyl chains has undergone oxidation. As all oxidized lipids, oxidized phosphatidylcholines belong to a group of biomolecules that have a role as signaling molecules. The biosynthesis of oxidized lipids is mediated by several enzymatic families, including cyclooxygenases (COX), lipoxygenases (LOX) and cytochrome P450s (CYP). Non-enzymatically oxidized lipids are produced by uncontrolled oxidation through free radicals and are considered harmful to human health (PMID: 33329396). As is the case with diacylglycerols, glycerophosphocholines can have many different combinations of fatty acids of varying lengths, saturation and degrees of oxidation attached at the C-1 and C-2 positions. PC(18:2(9Z,12Z)/TXB2), in particular, consists of one chain of one 9Z,12Z-octadecadienoyl at the C-1 position and one chain of Thromboxane B2 at the C-2 position. Phospholipids are ubiquitous in nature and are key components of the lipid bilayer of cells, as well as being involved in metabolism and signaling. Similarly to what occurs with phospholipids, the fatty acid distribution at the C-1 and C-2 positions of glycerol within oxidized phospholipids is continually in flux, owing to phospholipid degradation and the continuous phospholipid remodeling that occurs while these molecules are in membranes. Oxidized PCs can be synthesized via three different routes. In one route, the oxidized PC is synthetized de novo following the same mechanisms as for PCs but incorporating oxidized acyl chains (PMID: 33329396). An alternative is the transacylation of one of the non-oxidated acyl chains with an oxidated acylCoA (PMID: 33329396). The third pathway results from the oxidation of the acyl chain while still attached to the PC backbone, mainely through the action of LOX (PMID: 33329396).
PC(TXB2/18:2(9Z,12Z))
PC(TXB2/18:2(9Z,12Z)) is an oxidized phosphatidylcholine (PC or GPCho). Oxidized phosphatidylcholines are glycerophospholipids in which a phosphorylcholine moiety occupies a glycerol substitution site and at least one of the fatty acyl chains has undergone oxidation. As all oxidized lipids, oxidized phosphatidylcholines belong to a group of biomolecules that have a role as signaling molecules. The biosynthesis of oxidized lipids is mediated by several enzymatic families, including cyclooxygenases (COX), lipoxygenases (LOX) and cytochrome P450s (CYP). Non-enzymatically oxidized lipids are produced by uncontrolled oxidation through free radicals and are considered harmful to human health (PMID: 33329396). As is the case with diacylglycerols, glycerophosphocholines can have many different combinations of fatty acids of varying lengths, saturation and degrees of oxidation attached at the C-1 and C-2 positions. PC(TXB2/18:2(9Z,12Z)), in particular, consists of one chain of one Thromboxane B2 at the C-1 position and one chain of 9Z,12Z-octadecadienoyl at the C-2 position. Phospholipids are ubiquitous in nature and are key components of the lipid bilayer of cells, as well as being involved in metabolism and signaling. Similarly to what occurs with phospholipids, the fatty acid distribution at the C-1 and C-2 positions of glycerol within oxidized phospholipids is continually in flux, owing to phospholipid degradation and the continuous phospholipid remodeling that occurs while these molecules are in membranes. Oxidized PCs can be synthesized via three different routes. In one route, the oxidized PC is synthetized de novo following the same mechanisms as for PCs but incorporating oxidized acyl chains (PMID: 33329396). An alternative is the transacylation of one of the non-oxidated acyl chains with an oxidated acylCoA (PMID: 33329396). The third pathway results from the oxidation of the acyl chain while still attached to the PC backbone, mainely through the action of LOX (PMID: 33329396).
PC(DiMe(9,3)/PGF1alpha)
PC(DiMe(9,3)/PGF1alpha) is an oxidized phosphatidylcholine (PC or GPCho). Oxidized phosphatidylcholines are glycerophospholipids in which a phosphorylcholine moiety occupies a glycerol substitution site and at least one of the fatty acyl chains has undergone oxidation. As all oxidized lipids, oxidized phosphatidylcholines belong to a group of biomolecules that have a role as signaling molecules. The biosynthesis of oxidized lipids is mediated by several enzymatic families, including cyclooxygenases (COX), lipoxygenases (LOX) and cytochrome P450s (CYP). Non-enzymatically oxidized lipids are produced by uncontrolled oxidation through free radicals and are considered harmful to human health (PMID: 33329396). As is the case with diacylglycerols, glycerophosphocholines can have many different combinations of fatty acids of varying lengths, saturation and degrees of oxidation attached at the C-1 and C-2 positions. PC(DiMe(9,3)/PGF1alpha), in particular, consists of one chain of one 10,13-epoxy-11-methylhexadeca-10,12-dienoyl at the C-1 position and one chain of Prostaglandin F1alpha at the C-2 position. Phospholipids are ubiquitous in nature and are key components of the lipid bilayer of cells, as well as being involved in metabolism and signaling. Similarly to what occurs with phospholipids, the fatty acid distribution at the C-1 and C-2 positions of glycerol within oxidized phospholipids is continually in flux, owing to phospholipid degradation and the continuous phospholipid remodeling that occurs while these molecules are in membranes. Oxidized PCs can be synthesized via three different routes. In one route, the oxidized PC is synthetized de novo following the same mechanisms as for PCs but incorporating oxidized acyl chains (PMID: 33329396). An alternative is the transacylation of one of the non-oxidated acyl chains with an oxidated acylCoA (PMID: 33329396). The third pathway results from the oxidation of the acyl chain while still attached to the PC backbone, mainely through the action of LOX (PMID: 33329396).
PC(PGF1alpha/DiMe(9,3))
PC(PGF1alpha/DiMe(9,3)) is an oxidized phosphatidylcholine (PC or GPCho). Oxidized phosphatidylcholines are glycerophospholipids in which a phosphorylcholine moiety occupies a glycerol substitution site and at least one of the fatty acyl chains has undergone oxidation. As all oxidized lipids, oxidized phosphatidylcholines belong to a group of biomolecules that have a role as signaling molecules. The biosynthesis of oxidized lipids is mediated by several enzymatic families, including cyclooxygenases (COX), lipoxygenases (LOX) and cytochrome P450s (CYP). Non-enzymatically oxidized lipids are produced by uncontrolled oxidation through free radicals and are considered harmful to human health (PMID: 33329396). As is the case with diacylglycerols, glycerophosphocholines can have many different combinations of fatty acids of varying lengths, saturation and degrees of oxidation attached at the C-1 and C-2 positions. PC(PGF1alpha/DiMe(9,3)), in particular, consists of one chain of one Prostaglandin F1alpha at the C-1 position and one chain of 10,13-epoxy-11-methylhexadeca-10,12-dienoyl at the C-2 position. Phospholipids are ubiquitous in nature and are key components of the lipid bilayer of cells, as well as being involved in metabolism and signaling. Similarly to what occurs with phospholipids, the fatty acid distribution at the C-1 and C-2 positions of glycerol within oxidized phospholipids is continually in flux, owing to phospholipid degradation and the continuous phospholipid remodeling that occurs while these molecules are in membranes. Oxidized PCs can be synthesized via three different routes. In one route, the oxidized PC is synthetized de novo following the same mechanisms as for PCs but incorporating oxidized acyl chains (PMID: 33329396). An alternative is the transacylation of one of the non-oxidated acyl chains with an oxidated acylCoA (PMID: 33329396). The third pathway results from the oxidation of the acyl chain while still attached to the PC backbone, mainely through the action of LOX (PMID: 33329396).
SM(d17:1/LTE4)
SM(d17:1/LTE4) is a type of oxidized sphingolipid found in animal cell membranes. It usually consists of phosphorylcholine and ceramide. SM(d17:1/LTE4) consists of a sphingosine backbone and a Leukotriene E4 chain. In humans, sphingomyelin is the only membrane phospholipid not derived from glycerol. Like all sphingolipids, SM has a ceramide core (sphingosine bonded to a fatty acid via an amide linkage). In addition, it contains one polar head group, which is either phosphocholine or phosphoethanolamine. The plasma membrane of cells is highly enriched in sphingomyelin and is considered largely to be found in the exoplasmic leaflet of the cell membrane. However, there is some evidence that there may also be a sphingomyelin pool in the inner leaflet of the membrane. Moreover, neutral sphingomyelinase-2, an enzyme that breaks down sphingomyelin into ceramide, has been found to localize exclusively to the inner leaflet further suggesting that there may be sphingomyelin present there. Sphingomyelin can accumulate in a rare hereditary disease called Niemann-Pick Disease, types A and B. Niemann-Pick disease is a genetically-inherited disease caused by a deficiency in the enzyme sphingomyelinase, which causes the accumulation of sphingomyelin in spleen, liver, lungs, bone marrow, and the brain, causing irreversible neurological damage. SMs play a role in signal transduction. Sphingomyelins are synthesized by the transfer of phosphorylcholine from phosphatidylcholine to a ceramide in a reaction catalyzed by sphingomyelin synthase.
