Classification Term: 2645
Harmala alkaloids (ontology term: CHEMONTID:0001140)
Compounds with a structure based on harmaline, harmine, harmalol, harman or a derivative of those parents. These parents are beta-carbolines, consisting of a pyrimidine fused to the pyrrole moiety of an indole to form a pyrido[3,4-b]indole." []
found 33 associated metabolites at class metabolite taxonomy ontology rank level.
Ancestor: Alkaloids and derivatives
Child Taxonomies: There is no child term of current ontology term.
Harman
Harman is an indole alkaloid fundamental parent with a structure of 9H-beta-carboline carrying a methyl substituent at C-1. It has been isolated from the bark of Sickingia rubra, Symplocus racemosa, Passiflora incarnata, Peganum harmala, Banisteriopsis caapi and Tribulus terrestris, as well as from tobacco smoke. It is a specific, reversible inhibitor of monoamine oxidase A. It has a role as an anti-HIV agent, a plant metabolite and an EC 1.4.3.4 (monoamine oxidase) inhibitor. It is an indole alkaloid, an indole alkaloid fundamental parent and a harmala alkaloid.
Harman is a natural product found in Ophiopogon, Strychnos johnsonii, and other organisms with data available.
An indole alkaloid fundamental parent with a structure of 9H-beta-carboline carrying a methyl substituent at C-1. It has been isolated from the bark of Sickingia rubra, Symplocus racemosa, Passiflora incarnata, Peganum harmala, Banisteriopsis caapi and Tribulus terrestris, as well as from tobacco smoke. It is a specific, reversible inhibitor of monoamine oxidase A.
Isolated from roots of Panax ginseng and Codonopsis lanceolata (todok). Struct. has now been shown to be identical with 1-Acetyl-b-carboline
Harmaline
Harmaline is a harmala alkaloid in which the harman skeleton is methoxy-substituted at C-7 and has been reduced across the 3,4 bond. It has a role as a oneirogen. It derives from a hydride of a harman. Harmaline is a natural product found in Passiflora pilosicorona, Passiflora boenderi, and other organisms with data available. A beta-carboline alkaloid isolated from seeds of PEGANUM. A harmala alkaloid in which the harman skeleton is methoxy-substituted at C-7 and has been reduced across the 3,4 bond. Harmaline is found in fruits. Harmaline is an alkaloid from Passiflora incarnata (maypops D002491 - Central Nervous System Agents > D000697 - Central Nervous System Stimulants D004791 - Enzyme Inhibitors > D008996 - Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors Acquisition and generation of the data is financially supported in part by CREST/JST. KEIO_ID H027; [MS2] KO008994 KEIO_ID H027
Harmine
Harmine is a harmala alkaloid in which the harman skeleton is methoxy-substituted at C-7. It has a role as a metabolite, an anti-HIV agent and an EC 1.4.3.4 (monoamine oxidase) inhibitor. It derives from a hydride of a harman. Harmine is a natural product found in Thalictrum foetidum, Acraea andromacha, and other organisms with data available. Alkaloid isolated from seeds of PEGANUM HARMALA; ZYGOPHYLLACEAE. It is identical to banisterine, or telepathine, from Banisteria caapi and is one of the active ingredients of hallucinogenic drinks made in the western Amazon region from related plants. It has no therapeutic use, but (as banisterine) was hailed as a cure for postencephalitic PARKINSON DISEASE in the 1920s. D002491 - Central Nervous System Agents > D011619 - Psychotropic Drugs > D006213 - Hallucinogens Harmine is found in fruits. Harmine is an alkaloid from Passiflora edulis (passionfruit A harmala alkaloid in which the harman skeleton is methoxy-substituted at C-7. D004791 - Enzyme Inhibitors > D008996 - Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors C471 - Enzyme Inhibitor > C667 - Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitor CONFIDENCE Reference Standard (Level 1); NaToxAq - Natural Toxins and Drinking Water Quality - From Source to Tap (https://natoxaq.ku.dk) [Raw Data] CB043_Harmine_pos_40eV_CB000020.txt [Raw Data] CB043_Harmine_pos_50eV_CB000020.txt [Raw Data] CB043_Harmine_pos_10eV_CB000020.txt [Raw Data] CB043_Harmine_pos_30eV_CB000020.txt [Raw Data] CB043_Harmine_pos_20eV_CB000020.txt CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 2884 [Raw Data] CB043_Harmine_neg_50eV_000013.txt [Raw Data] CB043_Harmine_neg_30eV_000013.txt [Raw Data] CB043_Harmine_neg_10eV_000013.txt [Raw Data] CB043_Harmine_neg_20eV_000013.txt [Raw Data] CB043_Harmine_neg_40eV_000013.txt Harmine is a natural dual-specificity tyrosine phosphorylation-regulated kinase (DYRK) inhibitor with anticancer and anti-inflammatory activities. Harmine has a high affinity of 5-HT2A serotonin receptor, with an Ki of 397 nM[1]. Harmine is a natural dual-specificity tyrosine phosphorylation-regulated kinase (DYRK) inhibitor with anticancer and anti-inflammatory activities. Harmine has a high affinity of 5-HT2A serotonin receptor, with an Ki of 397 nM[1]. Harmine is a natural dual-specificity tyrosine phosphorylation-regulated kinase (DYRK) inhibitor with anticancer and anti-inflammatory activities. Harmine has a high affinity of 5-HT2A serotonin receptor, with an Ki of 397 nM[1].
Harmalol
Harmalol is found in fruits. Harmalol is an alkaloid from Passiflora incarnata (maypops). Harmaline is a reversible inhibitor of MAO-A (RIMA). Harmine is a reversible inhibitor of MAO-A (RIMA). It is important to note that unlike synthetic pharmaceutical MAOIs such as phenelzine, harmine is reversible and selective meaning it does not have nearly as high a risk for the "cheese syndrome" caused by consuming tyramine-containing foods, which is a risk associated with monoamine oxidase A inhibitors, but not monoamine oxidase B inhibitors. Several alkaloids that function as monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) are found in the seeds of Peganum harmala (also known as Harmal or Syrian Rue), including harmine, harmaline, and harmalol, which are members of a group of substances with a similar chemical structure collectively known as harmala alkaloids. These alkaloids are of interest for their use in Amazonian shamanism, where they are derived from other plants. The harmala alkaloid harmine which was once known as Telepathine and Banisterine is a naturally occurring beta-carboline alkaloid that is structurally related to harmaline, and also found in the vine Banisteriopsis caapi. Tetrahydroharmine is also found in B. caapi, but not P. harmala. Dr. Alexander Shulgin has suggesed that harmaline may be a breakdown product of harmine. Harmine and harmaline are reversible MAOIs of the MAO-A isoform of the enzyme, and can stimulate the central nervous system by inhibiting the metabolism of monoamine compounds such as serotonin and norepinephrine. The harmala alkaloids occur in Peganum harmala in concentrations of roughly 3\\%, though tests have documented anywhere from 2-7\\%, as natural sources tend to vary widely in chemical makeup. Harmala alkaloids are also found in the Banisteriopsis caapi vine, the key plant ingredient in the sacramental beverage Ayahuasca, in concentrations that range between 0.31-8.43\\% for harmine, 0.03-0.83\\% for harmaline and 0.05-2.94\\% for tetrahydroharmine. Other psychoactive plants are often added to Ayahuasca to achieve visionary states of consciousness; for example leaves from Psychotria viridis, which is a source of dimethyltryptamine (DMT). The harmala alkaloids serve to potentiate these brewed compounds by preventing their breakdown in the digestive tract. The harmala alkaloids are not especially psychoactive on their own, even at high dosages, when vomiting and diarrhea become the main effect Alkaloid from Passiflora incarnata (maypops)
Perlolyrine
Alkaloid from Korean ginseng and Japanese soy sauce. Perlolyrine is found in saffron, soy bean, and herbs and spices. Perlolyrine is found in herbs and spices. Perlolyrine is an alkaloid from Korean ginseng and Japanese soy sauc
Flazine
Flazin is a harmala alkaloid. It has a role as a metabolite. Flazin is a natural product found in Brucea javanica, Glycine max, and Ophiocordyceps sinensis with data available. Alkaloid from Japanese soy sauce and sake. Flazine is found in soy bean, herbs and spices, and beverages. Flazine is found in beverages. Flazine is an alkaloid from Japanese soy sauce and sake. A natural product found in Cordyceps sinensis.
Harmol
Alkaloid from Elaeagnus angustifolia (Russian olive) and Passiflora incarnata (maypops). Harmol is found in sea-buckthornberry, herbs and spices, and fruits. Harmol is found in fruits. Harmol is an alkaloid from Elaeagnus angustifolia (Russian olive) and Passiflora incarnata (maypops). Harmol categorized as a β-carboline alkaloid. Harmol is a potent MAO inhibitor used as an analytical reference standard[1]. Harmol categorized as a β-carboline alkaloid. Harmol is a potent MAO inhibitor used as an analytical reference standard[1].
Nb-Methyltetrahydroharmol
Nb-Methyltetrahydroharmol is found in fruits. Nb-Methyltetrahydroharmol is an alkaloid from Elaeagnus angustifolia (Russian olive Alkaloid from Elaeagnus angustifolia (Russian olive). Nb-Methyltetrahydroharmol is found in fruits.
N-Methoxy-1-vinyl-beta-carboline
N-Methoxy-1-vinyl-beta-carboline is an alkaloid from Picrasma excelsa (Jamaican quassiawood
(1xi,3xi)-1,2,3,4-Tetrahydro-1-methyl-beta-carboline-3-carboxylic acid
(1xi,3xi)-1,2,3,4-Tetrahydro-1-methyl-beta-carboline-3-carboxylic acid is found in alcoholic beverages. (1xi,3xi)-1,2,3,4-Tetrahydro-1-methyl-beta-carboline-3-carboxylic acid is widespread in many foodstuffs especially fruit juices, jams and fermented foods or beverages including beer and soy sauce. Also present in the toxic fly agaric mushroom (Amanita muscaria). (1xi,3xi)-1,2,3,4-Tetrahydro-1-methyl-beta-carboline-3-carboxylic acid is formed by Pictet-Spengler condensation between acetaldehyde and L-tryptophan in nature or during food processing. Widespread in many foodstuffs especially fruit juices, jams and fermented foods or beverages including beer and soy sauceand is) also present in the toxic fly agaric mushroom (Amanita muscaria). Formed by Pictet-Spengler condensation between acetaldehyde and L-tryptophan in nature or during food processing. (1xi,3xi)-1,2,3,4-Tetrahydro-1-methyl-beta-carboline-3-carboxylic acid is found in many foods, some of which are alcoholic beverages, herbs and spices, fruits, and mushrooms.
Euglobal III
Euglobal III is a constituent of Eucalyptus globulus (Tasmanian blue gum)
(1R*,3R*,3'S*)-1,2,3,4-Tetrahydro-1-(2-thio-3-pyrrolidinyl)-beta-carboline-3-carboxylic acid
(1R*,3S*,3R*)-1,2,3,4-Tetrahydro-1-(2-thio-3-pyrrolidinyl)-beta-carboline-3-carboxylic acid is found in root vegetables. (1R*,3S*,3R*)-1,2,3,4-Tetrahydro-1-(2-thio-3-pyrrolidinyl)-beta-carboline-3-carboxylic acid is an alkaloid from fermented radish root
Tetrahydroharmol
Tetrahydroharmol is found in fruits. Tetrahydroharmol is an alkaloid from Elaeagnus angustifolia (Russian olive) Harmaline is a reversible inhibitor of MAO-A (RIMA). Harmine is a reversible inhibitor of MAO-A (RIMA). It is important to note that unlike synthetic pharmaceutical MAOIs such as phenelzine, harmine is reversible and selective meaning it does not have nearly as high a risk for the "cheese syndrome" caused by consuming tyramine-containing foods, which is a risk associated with monoamine oxidase A inhibitors, but not monoamine oxidase B inhibitors. Several alkaloids that function as monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) are found in the seeds of Peganum harmala (also known as Harmal or Syrian Rue), including harmine, harmaline, and harmalol, which are members of a group of substances with a similar chemical structure collectively known as harmala alkaloids. These alkaloids are of interest for their use in Amazonian shamanism, where they are derived from other plants. The harmala alkaloid harmine which was once known as Telepathine and Banisterine is a naturally occurring beta-carboline alkaloid that is structurally related to harmaline, and also found in the vine Banisteriopsis caapi. Tetrahydroharmine is also found in B. caapi, but not P. harmala. Dr. Alexander Shulgin has suggesed that harmaline may be a breakdown product of harmine. Harmine and harmaline are reversible MAOIs of the MAO-A isoform of the enzyme, and can stimulate the central nervous system by inhibiting the metabolism of monoamine compounds such as serotonin and norepinephrine. The harmala alkaloids occur in Peganum harmala in concentrations of roughly 3\\%, though tests have documented anywhere from 2-7\\%, as natural sources tend to vary widely in chemical makeup. Harmala alkaloids are also found in the Banisteriopsis caapi vine, the key plant ingredient in the sacramental beverage Ayahuasca, in concentrations that range between 0.31-8.43\\% for harmine, 0.03-0.83\\% for harmaline and 0.05-2.94\\% for tetrahydroharmine. Other psychoactive plants are often added to Ayahuasca to achieve visionary states of consciousness; for example leaves from Psychotria viridis, which is a source of dimethyltryptamine (DMT). The harmala alkaloids serve to potentiate these brewed compounds by preventing their breakdown in the digestive tract. The harmala alkaloids are not especially psychoactive on their own, even at high dosages, when vomiting and diarrhea become the main effect
45-Hydroxyyessotoxin
45-Hydroxyyessotoxin is found in mollusks. 45-Hydroxyyessotoxin is a constituent of toxic scallop (Patinopecten yessoensis)
1,2,3,4-Tetrahydro-b-carboline-1,3-dicarboxylic acid
1,2,3,4-Tetrahydro-b-carboline-1,3-dicarboxylic acid is found in alcoholic beverages. 1,2,3,4-Tetrahydro-b-carboline-1,3-dicarboxylic acid is present in fruit syrups, beer, wines, vinegar and most fermented sauce
Flazine methyl ether
Flazine methyl ether is found in blackcurrant. Flazine methyl ether is an alkaloid from freshly pressed juice of blackcurrant (Ribes nigrum)(Grossulariaceae). Alkaloid from freshly pressed juice of blackcurrant (Ribes nigrum)(Grossulariaceae). Flazine methyl ether is found in fruits and blackcurrant. D004791 - Enzyme Inhibitors
3-Carboxy-2,3,4,9-tetrahydro-1H-pyrido[3,4-b]indole-1-propanoic acid
3-Carboxy-2,3,4,9-tetrahydro-1H-pyrido[3,4-b]indole-1-propanoic acid is found in alcoholic beverages. 3-Carboxy-2,3,4,9-tetrahydro-1H-pyrido[3,4-b]indole-1-propanoic acid is present in soy and worcester sauces, yeast extract and wine as the (3S)-diastereoisomers. 3-Carboxy-2,3,4,9-tetrahydro-1H-pyrido[3,4-b]indole-1-propanoic acid is formed by Pictet-Spengler condensation of tryptophan with 4-oxobutanoic acid to give predominantly the cis-isomer Present in soy and worcester sauces, yeast extract and wine as the (3S)-diastereoisomers. Formed by Pictet-Spengler condensation of tryptophan with 4-oxobutanoic acid to give predominantly the cis-isomer. 3-Carboxy-2,3,4,9-tetrahydro-1H-pyrido[3,4-b]indole-1-propanoic acid is found in alcoholic beverages and herbs and spices.
(1xi,3S)-1,2,3,4-Tetrahydro-1-methyl-beta-carboline-1,3-dicarboxylic acid
(1xi,3S)-1,2,3,4-Tetrahydro-1-methyl-beta-carboline-1,3-dicarboxylic acid is found in alcoholic beverages. (1xi,3S)-1,2,3,4-Tetrahydro-1-methyl-beta-carboline-1,3-dicarboxylic acid is present in fruit syrups, beer, vinegar and fermented syrup Present in fruit syrups, beer, vinegar and fermented syrups. (1xi,3S)-1,2,3,4-Tetrahydro-1-methyl-beta-carboline-1,3-dicarboxylic acid is found in alcoholic beverages.
(2S,4R)-4-(9H-Pyrido[3,4-b]indol-1-yl)-1,2,4-butanetriol
Maillard reaction product from xylose and tryptophan. Maillard reaction product from xylose and tryptophan
1-(9H-Pyrido[3,4-b]indol-1-yl)-1,4-butanediol
1-(9H-Pyrido[3,4-b]indol-1-yl)-1,4-butanediol is maillard produced from xylose and tryptophan. Maillard production from xylose and tryptophan
Dehydroxymethylflazine
Dehydroxymethylflazine is found in blackcurrant. Dehydroxymethylflazine is from blackcurrant (Ribes nigrum) (Grossulariaceae). From blackcurrant (Ribes nigrum) (Grossulariaceae). Dehydroxymethylflazine is found in fruits and blackcurrant.
