p-Cresylsulphate (BioDeep_00000605311)
Main id: BioDeep_00000018635
PANOMIX_OTCML-2023 Toxin
代谢物信息卡片
Sulfuric acid mono(p-tolyl) ester (8ci)
化学式: C7H8O4S (188.0143288)
中文名称:
谱图信息:
最多检出来源 () 0%
分子结构信息
SMILES: CC1=CC=C(C=C1)OS(=O)(=O)O
InChI: InChI=1S/C7H8O4S/c1-6-2-4-7(5-3-6)11-12(8,9)10/h2-5H,1H3,(H,8,9,10)
描述信息
p-Cresyl Sulfate, a major uremic toxin derived from the metabolites of tyrosine and phenylalanine through liver, existed in the blood of patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD).
同义名列表
数据库引用编号
6 个数据库交叉引用编号
- ChEBI: CHEBI:82914
- PubChem: 4615423
- Metlin: METLIN62391
- ChEMBL: CHEMBL4551850
- CAS: 3233-58-7
- medchemexpress: HY-111431
分类词条
相关代谢途径
Reactome(0)
BioCyc(0)
PlantCyc(0)
代谢反应
0 个相关的代谢反应过程信息。
Reactome(0)
BioCyc(0)
WikiPathways(0)
Plant Reactome(0)
INOH(0)
PlantCyc(0)
COVID-19 Disease Map(0)
PathBank(0)
PharmGKB(0)
0 个相关的物种来源信息
在这里通过桑基图来展示出与当前的这个代谢物在我们的BioDeep知识库中具有相关联信息的其他代谢物。在这里进行关联的信息来源主要有：
- PubMed: 来源于PubMed文献库中的文献信息，我们通过自然语言数据挖掘得到的在同一篇文献中被同时提及的相关代谢物列表，这个列表按照代谢物同时出现的文献数量降序排序，取前10个代谢物作为相关研究中关联性很高的代谢物集合展示在桑基图中。
- NCBI Taxonomy: 通过文献数据挖掘，得到的代谢物物种来源信息关联。这个关联信息同样按照出现的次数降序排序，取前10个代谢物作为高关联度的代谢物集合展示在桑吉图上。
- Chemical Taxonomy: 在物质分类上处于同一个分类集合中的其他代谢物
- Chemical Reaction: 在化学反应过程中，存在为当前代谢物相关联的生化反应过程中的反应底物或者反应产物的关联代谢物信息。
点击图上的相关代谢物的名称，可以跳转到相关代谢物的信息页面。
文献列表
- Cheng Chen, Caidie Xie, Yiqing Xiong, Hanzhang Wu, Lin Wu, Jingfeng Zhu, Changying Xing, Huijuan Mao. Damage of uremic myocardium by p-cresyl sulfate and the ameliorative effect of Klotho by regulating SIRT6 ubiquitination.
Toxicology letters.
2022 Aug; 367(?):19-31. doi:
10.1016/j.toxlet.2022.06.006. [PMID: 35839976] - Yan Rong, Penny Colbourne, Sita Gourishankar, Tony K L Kiang. Significant Correlations between p-Cresol Sulfate and Mycophenolic Acid Plasma Concentrations in Adult Kidney Transplant Recipients.
Clinical drug investigation.
2022 Mar; 42(3):207-219. doi:
10.1007/s40261-022-01121-1. [PMID: 35182318] - Xiao Tan, Jianzhou Zou, Fangfang Xiang, Pan Zhang, Bo Shen, Yaqiong Wang, Xiaoqiang Ding, Xuesen Cao. p-Cresyl Sulfate Predicts Ischemic Stroke among Patients on Hemodialysis: A Prospective Cohort Study.
Disease markers.
2022; 2022(?):1358419. doi:
10.1155/2022/1358419. [PMID: 35140818] - Kenshiro Hirata, Tokunori Ikeda, Hiroshi Watanabe, Toru Maruyama, Motoko Tanaka, Victor Tuan Giam Chuang, Yuji Uchida, Keiki Sakurama, Koji Nishi, Keishi Yamasaki, Masaki Otagiri. The Binding of Aripiprazole to Plasma Proteins in Chronic Renal Failure Patients.
Toxins.
2021 11; 13(11):. doi:
10.3390/toxins13110811. [PMID: 34822595] - Laetitia Koppe, Marine L Croze, Elisa B Monteiro, Bérengère Benoit, Emilie Bres, Fitsum Guebre-Egziabher, Julio B Daleprane, Denis Fouque, Christophe O Soulage. The protein-bound uremic toxin p-cresyl-sulfate promotes intracellular ROS production and lipid peroxidation in 3T3-L1 adipose cells.
Biochimie.
2021 Oct; 189(?):137-143. doi:
10.1016/j.biochi.2021.06.020. [PMID: 34217821] - Kullaya Takkavatakarn, Pongpratch Puapatanakul, Jeerath Phannajit, Warumphon Sukkumme, Pajaree Chariyavilaskul, Patita Sitticharoenchai, Asada Leelahavanichkul, Pisut Katavetin, Kearkiat Praditpornsilpa, Somchai Eiam-Ong, Paweena Susantitaphong. Protein-Bound Uremic Toxins Lowering Effect of Sevelamer in Pre-Dialysis Chronic Kidney Disease Patients with Hyperphosphatemia: A Randomized Controlled Trial.
Toxins.
2021 09; 13(10):. doi:
10.3390/toxins13100688. [PMID: 34678981] - Giane Favretto, Regiane Stafim da Cunha, Andressa Flores Santos, Amanda Leitolis, Elberth Manfron Schiefer, Paulo Cézar Gregório, Célia Regina Cavichiolo Franco, Ziad Massy, Maria Aparecida Dalboni, Andréa Emilia Marques Stinghen. Uremic endothelial-derived extracellular vesicles: Mechanisms of formation and their role in cell adhesion, cell migration, inflammation, and oxidative stress.
Toxicology letters.
2021 Sep; 347(?):12-22. doi:
10.1016/j.toxlet.2021.04.019. [PMID: 33945863] - Yan Rong, Tony K L Kiang. Characterization of human sulfotransferases catalyzing the formation of p-cresol sulfate and identification of mefenamic acid as a potent metabolism inhibitor and potential therapeutic agent for detoxification.
Toxicology and applied pharmacology.
2021 08; 425(?):115553. doi:
10.1016/j.taap.2021.115553. [PMID: 33915121] - Yan Chen, Leila R Zelnick, Matthew P Huber, Ke Wang, Nisha Bansal, Andrew N Hoofnagle, Rajan K Paranji, Susan R Heckbert, Noel S Weiss, Alan S Go, Chi-Yuan Hsu, Harold I Feldman, Sushrut S Waikar, Rupal C Mehta, Anand Srivastava, Stephen L Seliger, James P Lash, Anna C Porter, Dominic S Raj, Bryan R Kestenbaum. Association Between Kidney Clearance of Secretory Solutes and Cardiovascular Events: The Chronic Renal Insufficiency Cohort (CRIC) Study.
American journal of kidney diseases : the official journal of the National Kidney Foundation.
2021 08; 78(2):226-235.e1. doi:
10.1053/j.ajkd.2020.12.005. [PMID: 33421453] - Jia-Feng Chang, Chih-Yu Hsieh, Jian-Chiun Liou, Kuo-Cheng Lu, Cai-Mei Zheng, Mai-Szu Wu, Shu-Wei Chang, Ting-Ming Wang, Chang-Chin Wu. Circulating p-Cresyl Sulfate, Non-Hepatic Alkaline Phosphatase and Risk of Bone Fracture Events in Chronic Kidney Disease-Mineral Bone Disease.
Toxins.
2021 07; 13(7):. doi:
10.3390/toxins13070479. [PMID: 34357951] - Roberta T Salarolli, Livia Alvarenga, Ludmila F M F Cardozo, Karla T R Teixeira, Laís de S G Moreira, Jordana D Lima, Silvia D Rodrigues, Lia S Nakao, Denis Fouque, Denise Mafra. Can curcumin supplementation reduce plasma levels of gut-derived uremic toxins in hemodialysis patients? A pilot randomized, double-blind, controlled study.
International urology and nephrology.
2021 Jun; 53(6):1231-1238. doi:
10.1007/s11255-020-02760-z. [PMID: 33438085] - Yung-Chuan Lu, Cheng-Ching Wu, I-Ting Tsai, Wei-Chin Hung, Thung-Lip Lee, Chin-Feng Hsuan, Teng-Hung Yu, Ching-Ting Wei, Fu-Mei Chung, Yau-Jiunn Lee, Chao-Ping Wang. Associations among total p-cresylsulfate, indoxyl sulfate and hippuric acid levels with hemodialysis quality indicators in maintenance hemodialysis patients.
Clinica chimica acta; international journal of clinical chemistry.
2021 May; 516(?):83-91. doi:
10.1016/j.cca.2021.01.015. [PMID: 33508250] - Robin Pla, Estelle Pujos-Guillot, Stéphanie Durand, Marion Brandolini-Bunlon, Delphine Centeno, David B Pyne, Jean-François Toussaint, Philippe Hellard. Non-targeted metabolomics analyses by mass spectrometry to explore metabolic stress after six training weeks in high level swimmers.
Journal of sports sciences.
2021 May; 39(9):969-978. doi:
10.1080/02640414.2020.1851933. [PMID: 33320058] - Ping-Hsun Wu, Yi-Ting Lin, Yi-Wen Chiu, Gabriel Baldanzi, Jiun-Chi Huang, Shih-Shin Liang, Su-Chu Lee, Szu-Chia Chen, Ya-Ling Hsu, Mei-Chuan Kuo, Shang-Jyh Hwang. The relationship of indoxyl sulfate and p-cresyl sulfate with target cardiovascular proteins in hemodialysis patients.
Scientific reports.
2021 02; 11(1):3786. doi:
10.1038/s41598-021-83383-x. [PMID: 33589722] - Suguru Yamamoto, Kenichi Sasahara, Mio Domon, Keiichi Yamaguchi, Toru Ito, Shin Goto, Yuji Goto, Ichiei Narita. pH-Dependent Protein Binding Properties of Uremic Toxins In Vitro.
Toxins.
2021 02; 13(2):. doi:
10.3390/toxins13020116. [PMID: 33557434] - Koji Nishi, Keiki Sakurama, Hiroshi Watanabe, Toru Maruyama, Keishi Yamasaki, Masaki Otagiri. Effects of Uremic Toxins on the Binding of Aripiprazole to Human Serum Albumin.
Biological & pharmaceutical bulletin.
2021; 44(3):437-441. doi:
10.1248/bpb.b20-00929. [PMID: 33642552] - Ebru Melekoglu, M Alper Cetinkaya, S Evrim Kepekci-Tekkeli, Oguz Kul, Gulhan Samur. Effects of prebiotic oligofructose-enriched inulin on gut-derived uremic toxins and disease progression in rats with adenine-induced chronic kidney disease.
PloS one.
2021; 16(10):e0258145. doi:
10.1371/journal.pone.0258145. [PMID: 34614017] - Maria Teresa Rocchetti, Carmela Cosola, Elena Ranieri, Loreto Gesualdo. Protein-Bound Uremic Toxins and Immunity.
Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.).
2021; 2325(?):215-227. doi:
10.1007/978-1-0716-1507-2_15. [PMID: 34053061] - Chiao-Yin Sun, Jian-Ri Li, Ya-Yu Wang, Shih-Yi Lin, Yen-Chuan Ou, Cheng-Jui Lin, Jiaan-Der Wang, Su-Lan Liao, Chun-Jung Chen. p-Cresol Sulfate Caused Behavior Disorders and Neurodegeneration in Mice with Unilateral Nephrectomy Involving Oxidative Stress and Neuroinflammation.
International journal of molecular sciences.
2020 Sep; 21(18):. doi:
10.3390/ijms21186687. [PMID: 32932690] - Kiana Ashley West, Chidimma Kanu, Tanya Maric, Julie Anne Kathryn McDonald, Jeremy K Nicholson, Jia V Li, Mark R Johnson, Elaine Holmes, Makrina D Savvidou. Longitudinal metabolic and gut bacterial profiling of pregnant women with previous bariatric surgery.
Gut.
2020 08; 69(8):1452-1459. doi:
10.1136/gutjnl-2019-319620. [PMID: 31964751] - Akira Iguchi, Suguru Yamamoto, Akira Oda, Kenichi Tanaka, Junichiro James Kazama, Takako Saeki, Hajime Yamazaki, Ken Ishioka, Tatsuo Suzutani, Ichiei Narita. Effect of sucroferric oxyhydroxide on gastrointestinal microbiome and uremic toxins in patients with chronic kidney disease undergoing hemodialysis.
Clinical and experimental nephrology.
2020 Aug; 24(8):725-733. doi:
10.1007/s10157-020-01892-x. [PMID: 32285213] - Tien-Hung Huang, Hon-Kan Yip, Cheuk-Kwan Sun, Yi-Ling Chen, Chih-Chao Yang, Fan-Yen Lee. P-cresyl sulfate causes mitochondrial hyperfusion in H9C2 cardiomyoblasts.
Journal of cellular and molecular medicine.
2020 08; 24(15):8379-8390. doi:
10.1111/jcmm.15303. [PMID: 32639656] - Yu-Sen Peng, Jhih-Pu Syu, Sheng-De Wang, Pie-Chun Pan, Hsiu-Ni Kung. BSA-bounded p-cresyl sulfate potentiates the malignancy of bladder carcinoma by triggering cell migration and EMT through the ROS/Src/FAK signaling pathway.
Cell biology and toxicology.
2020 08; 36(4):287-300. doi:
10.1007/s10565-019-09509-0. [PMID: 31873818] - Jia-Feng Chang, Chih-Yu Hsieh, Jian-Chiun Liou, Shih-Hao Liu, Chi-Feng Hung, Kuo-Cheng Lu, Chih-Cheng Lin, Chang-Chin Wu, Shuk-Man Ka, Li-Li Wen, Mai-Szu Wu, Cai-Mei Zheng, Wen-Chin Ko. Scavenging Intracellular ROS Attenuates p-Cresyl Sulfate-Triggered Osteogenesis through MAPK Signaling Pathway and NF-κB Activation in Human Arterial Smooth Muscle Cells.
Toxins.
2020 07; 12(8):. doi:
10.3390/toxins12080472. [PMID: 32722241] - Isabelle Six, Nadia Flissi, Gaëlle Lenglet, Loïc Louvet, Said Kamel, Marlène Gallet, Ziad A Massy, Sophie Liabeuf. Uremic Toxins and Vascular Dysfunction.
Toxins.
2020 06; 12(6):. doi:
10.3390/toxins12060404. [PMID: 32570781] - Jia-Feng Chang, Chih-Yu Hsieh, Kuo-Cheng Lu, Yue-Wen Chen, Shih-Shin Liang, Chih-Cheng Lin, Chi-Feng Hung, Jian-Chiun Liou, Mai-Szu Wu. Therapeutic Targeting of Aristolochic Acid Induced Uremic Toxin Retention, SMAD 2/3 and JNK/ERK Pathways in Tubulointerstitial Fibrosis: Nephroprotective Role of Propolis in Chronic Kidney Disease.
Toxins.
2020 06; 12(6):. doi:
10.3390/toxins12060364. [PMID: 32498221] - Wendy J Dahl, Wei-Lun Hung, Amanda L Ford, Joon Hyuk Suh, Jerémié Auger, Varuni Nagulesapillai, Yu Wang. In older women, a high-protein diet including animal-sourced foods did not impact serum levels and urinary excretion of trimethylamine-N-oxide.
Nutrition research (New York, N.Y.).
2020 06; 78(?):72-81. doi:
10.1016/j.nutres.2020.05.004. [PMID: 32544852] - Maxime Espi, Laetitia Koppe, Denis Fouque, Olivier Thaunat. Chronic Kidney Disease-Associated Immune Dysfunctions: Impact of Protein-Bound Uremic Retention Solutes on Immune Cells.
Toxins.
2020 05; 12(5):. doi:
10.3390/toxins12050300. [PMID: 32384617] - Tae-Hee Lee, Dongsun Park, Yang Ji Kim, Isaac Lee, Suae Kim, Chang-Taek Oh, Joem-Yong Kim, Jihyun Yang, Sang-Kyung Jo. Lactobacillus salivarius BP121 prevents cisplatin‑induced acute kidney injury by inhibition of uremic toxins such as indoxyl sulfate and p‑cresol sulfate via alleviating dysbiosis.
International journal of molecular medicine.
2020 Apr; 45(4):1130-1140. doi:
10.3892/ijmm.2020.4495. [PMID: 32124946] - Tessa Gryp, Geert R B Huys, Marie Joossens, Wim Van Biesen, Griet Glorieux, Mario Vaneechoutte. Isolation and Quantification of Uremic Toxin Precursor-Generating Gut Bacteria in Chronic Kidney Disease Patients.
International journal of molecular sciences.
2020 Mar; 21(6):. doi:
10.3390/ijms21061986. [PMID: 32183306] - Maria Teresa Rocchetti, Carmela Cosola, Ighli di Bari, Stefania Magnani, Vanessa Galleggiante, Letizia Scandiffio, Giuseppe Dalfino, Giuseppe Stefano Netti, Mauro Atti, Roberto Corciulo, Loreto Gesualdo. Efficacy of Divinylbenzenic Resin in Removing Indoxyl Sulfate and P-Cresol Sulfate in Hemodialysis Patients: Results From an In Vitro Study and An In Vivo Pilot Trial (xuanro4-Nature 3.2).
Toxins.
2020 03; 12(3):. doi:
10.3390/toxins12030170. [PMID: 32164382] - Silvia D Rodrigues, Sabrina S Santos, Tassiana Meireles, Natalia Romero, Griet Glorieux, Roberto Pecoits-Filho, Donna D Zhang, Lia S Nakao. Uremic toxins promote accumulation of oxidized protein and increased sensitivity to hydrogen peroxide in endothelial cells by impairing the autophagic flux.
Biochemical and biophysical research communications.
2020 02; 523(1):123-129. doi:
10.1016/j.bbrc.2019.12.022. [PMID: 31837804] - Cheng-Jui Lin, Chiao-Yin Sun, Chih-Jen Wu, Chau-Chung Wu, Vincent Wu, Feng-Huei Lin. CharXgen-Activated Bamboo Charcoal Encapsulated in Sodium Alginate Microsphere as the Absorbent of Uremic Toxins to Retard Kidney Function Deterioration.
International journal of molecular sciences.
2020 Feb; 21(4):. doi:
10.3390/ijms21041257. [PMID: 32070049] - Yan Rong, Tony K L Kiang. Mechanisms of Metabolism Interaction Between p-Cresol and Mycophenolic Acid.
Toxicological sciences : an official journal of the Society of Toxicology.
2020 02; 173(2):267-279. doi:
10.1093/toxsci/kfz231. [PMID: 31742356] - Bartłomiej Sankowski, Karolina Księżarczyk, Emilia Raćkowska, Stanisław Szlufik, Dariusz Koziorowski, Joanna Giebułtowicz. Higher cerebrospinal fluid to plasma ratio of p-cresol sulfate and indoxyl sulfate in patients with Parkinson's disease.
Clinica chimica acta; international journal of clinical chemistry.
2020 Feb; 501(?):165-173. doi:
10.1016/j.cca.2019.10.038. [PMID: 31726035] - Shih-Chieh Chen, Shin-Yin Huang, Chia-Chun Wu, Chiung-Fang Hsu. P-Cresylsulfate, the Protein-Bound Uremic Toxin, Increased Endothelial Permeability Partly Mediated by Src-Induced Phosphorylation of VE-Cadherin.
Toxins.
2020 01; 12(2):. doi:
10.3390/toxins12020062. [PMID: 31973024] - Britt Opdebeeck, Patrick C D'Haese, Anja Verhulst. Molecular and Cellular Mechanisms that Induce Arterial Calcification by Indoxyl Sulfate and P-Cresyl Sulfate.
Toxins.
2020 01; 12(1):. doi:
10.3390/toxins12010058. [PMID: 31963891] - Christiane Ishikawa Ramos, Rachel Gatti Armani, Maria Eugenia Canziani, Carla Juliana Ribeiro Dolenga, Lia Sumie Nakao, Katrina Louise Campbell, Lilian Cuppari. Bowel Habits and the Association With Uremic Toxins in Non-Dialysis-Dependent Chronic Kidney Disease Patients.
Journal of renal nutrition : the official journal of the Council on Renal Nutrition of the National Kidney Foundation.
2020 01; 30(1):31-35. doi:
10.1053/j.jrn.2019.02.004. [PMID: 30956092] - I-Wen Wu, Chan-Yu Lin, Lun-Ching Chang, Chin-Chan Lee, Chih-Yung Chiu, Heng-Jung Hsu, Chiao-Yin Sun, Yuen-Chan Chen, Yu-Lun Kuo, Chi-Wei Yang, Sheng-Siang Gao, Wen-Ping Hsieh, Wen-Hung Chung, Hsin-Chih Lai, Shih-Chi Su. Gut Microbiota as Diagnostic Tools for Mirroring Disease Progression and Circulating Nephrotoxin Levels in Chronic Kidney Disease: Discovery and Validation Study.
International journal of biological sciences.
2020; 16(3):420-434. doi:
10.7150/ijbs.37421. [PMID: 32015679] - Thatsanapong Pongking, Ornuma Haonon, Rungtiwa Dangtakot, Sudarat Onsurathum, Apinya Jusakul, Kitti Intuyod, Arunnee Sangka, Sirirat Anutrakulchai, Ubon Cha'on, Somchai Pinlaor, Porntip Pinlaor. A combination of monosodium glutamate and high-fat and high-fructose diets increases the risk of kidney injury, gut dysbiosis and host-microbial co-metabolism.
PloS one.
2020; 15(4):e0231237. doi:
10.1371/journal.pone.0231237. [PMID: 32267892] - Johannes Holle, Marietta Kirchner, Jürgen Okun, Aysun K Bayazit, Lukasz Obrycki, Nur Canpolat, Ipek Kaplan Bulut, Karolis Azukaitis, Ali Duzova, Bruno Ranchin, Rukshana Shroff, Cengiz Candan, Jun Oh, Günter Klaus, Francesca Lugani, Charlotte Gimpel, Rainer Büscher, Alev Yilmaz, Esra Baskin, Hakan Erdogan, Ariane Zaloszyc, Gül Özcelik, Dorota Drozdz, Augustina Jankauskiene, Francois Nobili, Anette Melk, Uwe Querfeld, Franz Schaefer. Serum indoxyl sulfate concentrations associate with progression of chronic kidney disease in children.
PloS one.
2020; 15(10):e0240446. doi:
10.1371/journal.pone.0240446. [PMID: 33108385] - Stacie Summers, Jessica M Quimby, Robert Kyle Phillips, Jonathan Stockman, Anitha Isaiah, Jonathan A Lidbury, Joerg M Steiner, Jan Suchodolski. Preliminary evaluation of fecal fatty acid concentrations in cats with chronic kidney disease and correlation with indoxyl sulfate and p-cresol sulfate.
Journal of veterinary internal medicine.
2020 Jan; 34(1):206-215. doi:
10.1111/jvim.15634. [PMID: 31693251] - Yu-Hsien Lai, Chih-Hsien Wang, Chiu-Huang Kuo, Yu-Li Lin, Jen-Pi Tsai, Bang-Gee Hsu. Serum P-Cresyl Sulfate Is a Predictor of Central Arterial Stiffness in Patients on Maintenance Hemodialysis.
Toxins.
2019 12; 12(1):. doi:
10.3390/toxins12010010. [PMID: 31877718] - Johannes Holle, Uwe Querfeld, Marietta Kirchner, Alexandros Anninos, Jürgen Okun, Daniela Thurn-Valsassina, Aysun Bayazit, Ana Niemirska, Nur Canpolat, Ipek Kaplan Bulut, Ali Duzova, Ali Anarat, Rukshana Shroff, Yelda Bilginer, Salim Caliskan, Cengiz Candan, Jerome Harambat, Zeynep Birsin Özcakar, Oguz Soylemezoglu, Sibylle Tschumi, Sandra Habbig, Ebru Yilmaz, Ayse Balat, Aleksandra Zurowska, Nilgun Cakar, Birgitta Kranz, Pelin Ertan, Anette Melk, Karolis Azukaitis, Franz Schaefer. Indoxyl sulfate associates with cardiovascular phenotype in children with chronic kidney disease.
Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany).
2019 12; 34(12):2571-2582. doi:
10.1007/s00467-019-04331-6. [PMID: 31428929] - Rita Paroni, Silvana Casati, Michele Dei Cas, Monica Bignotto, Federico Maria Rubino, Pierangela Ciuffreda. Unambiguous Characterization of p-Cresyl Sulfate, a Protein-Bound Uremic Toxin, as Biomarker of Heart and Kidney Disease.
Molecules (Basel, Switzerland).
2019 Oct; 24(20):. doi:
10.3390/molecules24203704. [PMID: 31618977] - Alexander J Prokopienko, Raymond E West, Jason R Stubbs, Thomas D Nolin. Development and validation of a UHPLC-MS/MS method for measurement of a gut-derived uremic toxin panel in human serum: An application in patients with kidney disease.
Journal of pharmaceutical and biomedical analysis.
2019 Sep; 174(?):618-624. doi:
10.1016/j.jpba.2019.06.033. [PMID: 31276982] - Anisha Wijeyesekera, Josef Wagner, Marcus De Goffau, Sarah Thurston, Adilson Rodrigues Sabino, Sara Zaher, Deborah White, Jenna Ridout, Mark J Peters, Padmanabhan Ramnarayan, Ricardo G Branco, M Estee Torok, Frederic Valla, Rosan Meyer, Nigel Klein, Gary Frost, Julian Parkhill, Elaine Holmes, Nazima Pathan. Multi-Compartment Profiling of Bacterial and Host Metabolites Identifies Intestinal Dysbiosis and Its Functional Consequences in the Critically Ill Child.
Critical care medicine.
2019 09; 47(9):e727-e734. doi:
10.1097/ccm.0000000000003841. [PMID: 31169619] - Marieke Sternkopf, Sven Thoröe-Boveleth, Tobias Beck, Kirsten Oleschko, Ansgar Erlenkötter, Ulrich Tschulena, Sonja Steppan, Thimoteus Speer, Claudia Goettsch, Vera Jankowski, Joachim Jankowski, Heidi Noels. A Bifunctional Adsorber Particle for the Removal of Hydrophobic Uremic Toxins from Whole Blood of Renal Failure Patients.
Toxins.
2019 07; 11(7):. doi:
10.3390/toxins11070389. [PMID: 31277311] - Olivier Deltombe, Griet Glorieux, Sami Marzouki, Rosalinde Masereeuw, Daniel Schneditz, Sunny Eloot. Selective Transport of Protein-Bound Uremic Toxins in Erythrocytes.
Toxins.
2019 07; 11(7):. doi:
10.3390/toxins11070385. [PMID: 31266243] - Youssef Bennis, Yan Cluet, Dimitri Titeca-Beauport, Najeh El Esper, Pablo Ureña, Sandra Bodeau, Christian Combe, Bertrand Dussol, Denis Fouque, Gabriel Choukroun, Sophie Liabeuf. The Effect of Sevelamer on Serum Levels of Gut-Derived Uremic Toxins: Results from In Vitro Experiments and A Multicenter, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Randomized Clinical Trial.
Toxins.
2019 05; 11(5):. doi:
10.3390/toxins11050279. [PMID: 31109001] - Yuanyuan Shi, Yifeng Wang, Shuai Ma, Tingyan Liu, Huajun Tian, Qiuyu Zhu, Wenji Wang, Yulin Li, Feng Ding. Increasing the removal of protein-bound uremic toxins by liposome-supported hemodialysis.
Artificial organs.
2019 May; 43(5):490-503. doi:
10.1111/aor.13383. [PMID: 30375673] - Jung Sun Park, Hoon In Choi, Dong-Hyun Kim, Chang Seong Kim, Eun Hui Bae, Seong Kwon Ma, Soo Wan Kim. Alpha-lipoic acid attenuates p-cresyl sulfate-induced renal tubular injury through suppression of apoptosis and autophagy in human proximal tubular epithelial cells.
Biomedicine & pharmacotherapy = Biomedecine & pharmacotherapie.
2019 Apr; 112(?):108679. doi:
10.1016/j.biopha.2019.108679. [PMID: 30798133] - Karl M Weigand, Tom J J Schirris, Megan Houweling, Jeroen J M W van den Heuvel, Jan B Koenderink, Anita C A Dankers, Frans G M Russel, Rick Greupink. Uremic solutes modulate hepatic bile acid handling and induce mitochondrial toxicity.
Toxicology in vitro : an international journal published in association with BIBRA.
2019 Apr; 56(?):52-61. doi:
10.1016/j.tiv.2019.01.003. [PMID: 30639138] - Chia-Ni Lin, I-Wen Wu, Yun-Fen Huang, Shu-Yu Peng, Ya-Ching Huang, Hsiao-Chen Ning. Measuring serum total and free indoxyl sulfate and p-cresyl sulfate in chronic kidney disease using UPLC-MS/MS.
Journal of food and drug analysis.
2019 04; 27(2):502-509. doi:
10.1016/j.jfda.2018.10.008. [PMID: 30987721] - Jianping Li, Yingyi Wang, Xuejun Xu, Wenjuan Cao, Zhiqiang Shen, Nan Wang, Jing Leng, Ning Zou, Erxin Shang, Zhenhua Zhu, Jianming Guo, Jinao Duan. Improved dialysis removal of protein-bound uremic toxins by salvianolic acids.
Phytomedicine : international journal of phytotherapy and phytopharmacology.
2019 Apr; 57(?):166-173. doi:
10.1016/j.phymed.2018.12.018. [PMID: 30772752] - Magdalena Madero, Karla B Cano, Israel Campos, Xia Tao, Vaibhav Maheshwari, Jillian Brown, Beatriz Cornejo, Garry Handelman, Stephan Thijssen, Peter Kotanko. Removal of Protein-Bound Uremic Toxins during Hemodialysis Using a Binding Competitor.
Clinical journal of the American Society of Nephrology : CJASN.
2019 03; 14(3):394-402. doi:
10.2215/cjn.05240418. [PMID: 30755453] - Stacie C Summers, Jessica M Quimby, Anitha Isaiah, Jan S Suchodolski, Paul J Lunghofer, Daniel L Gustafson. The fecal microbiome and serum concentrations of indoxyl sulfate and p-cresol sulfate in cats with chronic kidney disease.
Journal of veterinary internal medicine.
2019 Mar; 33(2):662-669. doi:
10.1111/jvim.15389. [PMID: 30561098] - Tsai-Kun Wu, Chyou-Wei Wei, Ying-Ru Pan, Ren-Jun Hsu, Chung-Yi Wu, Yung-Luen Yu. The uremic toxin p-cresyl sulfate induces proliferation and migration of clear cell renal cell carcinoma via microRNA-21/ HIF-1α axis signals.
Scientific reports.
2019 03; 9(1):3207. doi:
10.1038/s41598-019-39646-9. [PMID: 30824757] - Satoshi Kato, Ken-Ichi Otake, Haoyuan Chen, Isil Akpinar, Cassandra T Buru, Timur Islamoglu, Randall Q Snurr, Omar K Farha. Zirconium-Based Metal-Organic Frameworks for the Removal of Protein-Bound Uremic Toxin from Human Serum Albumin.
Journal of the American Chemical Society.
2019 02; 141(6):2568-2576. doi:
10.1021/jacs.8b12525. [PMID: 30707010] - Rita de Cássia Stampini Oliveira Lopes, Jaqueline Maciel Vieira Theodoro, Bárbara Pereira da Silva, Valéria Aparecida Vieira Queiroz, Maria Eliza de Castro Moreira, Hilário Cuquetto Mantovani, Helen Hermana Hermsdorff, Hércia Stampini Duarte Martino. Synbiotic meal decreases uremic toxins in hemodialysis individuals: A placebo-controlled trial.
Food research international (Ottawa, Ont.).
2019 02; 116(?):241-248. doi:
10.1016/j.foodres.2018.08.024. [PMID: 30716942] - Laurens Veldeman, Jill Vanmassenhove, Wim Van Biesen, Ziad A Massy, Sophie Liabeuf, Griet Glorieux, Raymond Vanholder. Evolution of protein-bound uremic toxins indoxyl sulphate and p-cresyl sulphate in acute kidney injury.
International urology and nephrology.
2019 Feb; 51(2):293-302. doi:
10.1007/s11255-018-2056-x. [PMID: 30604232] - Detlef H Krieter, Simon Kerwagen, Marieke Rüth, Horst-Dieter Lemke, Christoph Wanner. Differences in Dialysis Efficacy Have Limited Effects on Protein-Bound Uremic Toxins Plasma Levels over Time.
Toxins.
2019 01; 11(1):. doi:
10.3390/toxins11010047. [PMID: 30654454] - Michael Pignanelli, Chrysi Bogiatzi, Gregory Gloor, Emma Allen-Vercoe, Gregor Reid, Bradley L Urquhart, Kelsey N Ruetz, Thomas J Velenosi, J David Spence. Moderate Renal Impairment and Toxic Metabolites Produced by the Intestinal Microbiome: Dietary Implications.
Journal of renal nutrition : the official journal of the Council on Renal Nutrition of the National Kidney Foundation.
2019 01; 29(1):55-64. doi:
10.1053/j.jrn.2018.05.007. [PMID: 30100156] - Álvaro de Oliveira Franco, Rodrigo Tzovenos Starosta, Matheus Roriz-Cruz. The specific impact of uremic toxins upon cognitive domains: a review.
Jornal brasileiro de nefrologia : 'orgao oficial de Sociedades Brasileira e Latino-Americana de Nefrologia.
2019 Jan; 41(1):103-111. doi:
10.1590/2175-8239-jbn-2018-0033. [PMID: 30095142] - Marta Esgalhado, Julie A Kemp, Renata Azevedo, Bruna R Paiva, Milena B Stockler-Pinto, Carla J Dolenga, Natália A Borges, Lia S Nakao, Denise Mafra. Could resistant starch supplementation improve inflammatory and oxidative stress biomarkers and uremic toxins levels in hemodialysis patients? A pilot randomized controlled trial.
Food & function.
2018 Dec; 9(12):6508-6516. doi:
10.1039/c8fo01876f. [PMID: 30468238] - Shanmugakumar Chinnappa, Yu-Kang Tu, Yi Chun Yeh, Griet Glorieux, Raymond Vanholder, Andrew Mooney. Association between Protein-Bound Uremic Toxins and Asymptomatic Cardiac Dysfunction in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease.
Toxins.
2018 12; 10(12):. doi:
10.3390/toxins10120520. [PMID: 30563136] - Z-Y Zhang, C-F Hu, M-X Wang, J Lin, J-M Li, R-Z Wang. Research on mechanism of PCS in damaging vascular endothelial cells and promoting formation of atherosclerosis via TLR4/TREM-1.
European review for medical and pharmacological sciences.
2018 11; 22(21):7533-7542. doi:
10.26355/eurrev_201811_16295. [PMID: 30468503] - Xujiao Chen, Shouhong Gao, Mengna Ruan, Sixiu Chen, Jing Xu, Xiaohong Xing, Xiaohong Pan, Changlin Mei, Zhiguo Mao. Shen-Shuai-Ning granule decreased serum concentrations of indoxyl sulphate in uremic patients undergoing peritoneal dialysis.
Bioscience reports.
2018 10; 38(5):. doi:
10.1042/bsr20171694. [PMID: 29921575] - Rayana A P Maciel, Regiane S Cunha, Valentina Busato, Célia R C Franco, Paulo C Gregório, Carla J R Dolenga, Lia S Nakao, Ziad A Massy, Agnès Boullier, Roberto Pecoits-Filho, Andréa E M Stinghen. Uremia Impacts VE-Cadherin and ZO-1 Expression in Human Endothelial Cell-to-Cell Junctions.
Toxins.
2018 10; 10(10):. doi:
10.3390/toxins10100404. [PMID: 30301260] - Ligia Maria Claro, Andrea N Moreno-Amaral, Ana Carolina Gadotti, Carla J Dolenga, Lia S Nakao, Marina L V Azevedo, Lucia de Noronha, Marcia Olandoski, Thyago P de Moraes, Andréa E M Stinghen, Roberto Pécoits-Filho. The Impact of Uremic Toxicity Induced Inflammatory Response on the Cardiovascular Burden in Chronic Kidney Disease.
Toxins.
2018 09; 10(10):. doi:
10.3390/toxins10100384. [PMID: 30249039] - Wen-Chih Liu, Yasuhiko Tomino, Kuo-Cheng Lu. Impacts of Indoxyl Sulfate and p-Cresol Sulfate on Chronic Kidney Disease and Mitigating Effects of AST-120.
Toxins.
2018 09; 10(9):. doi:
10.3390/toxins10090367. [PMID: 30208594] - H-Y Li, F Liu, C Gao, H-R Wang. Protective effect of simvastatin on arterial plaque instability induced by p-cresyl sulfate.
European review for medical and pharmacological sciences.
2018 09; 22(18):6149-6155. doi:
10.26355/eurrev_201809_15955. [PMID: 30280803] - Robson E Silva, João L Baldim, Daniela A Chagas-Paula, Marisi G Soares, João H G Lago, Reggiani V Gonçalves, Rômulo D Novaes. Predictive metabolomic signatures of end-stage renal disease: A multivariate analysis of population-based data.
Biochimie.
2018 Sep; 152(?):14-30. doi:
10.1016/j.biochi.2018.06.009. [PMID: 29913183] - Sheldon C Leong, Justin N Sao, Abigail Taussig, Natalie S Plummer, Timothy W Meyer, Tammy L Sirich. Residual Function Effectively Controls Plasma Concentrations of Secreted Solutes in Patients on Twice Weekly Hemodialysis.
Journal of the American Society of Nephrology : JASN.
2018 07; 29(7):1992-1999. doi:
10.1681/asn.2018010081. [PMID: 29728422] - Wei-Hua Tang, Chao-Ping Wang, Teng-Hung Yu, Pei-Yang Tai, Shih-Shin Liang, Wei-Chin Hung, Cheng-Ching Wu, Sung-Hao Huang, Yau-Jiunn Lee, Shih-Chieh Chen. Protein-bounded uremic toxin p-cresylsulfate induces vascular permeability alternations.
Histochemistry and cell biology.
2018 Jun; 149(6):607-617. doi:
10.1007/s00418-018-1662-0. [PMID: 29589110] - Pu Ning, Yali Zheng, Qiongzhen Luo, Xiaohui Liu, Yu Kang, Yan Zhang, Rongbao Zhang, Yu Xu, Donghong Yang, Wen Xi, Keqiang Wang, Yusheng Chen, Shuchang An, Zhancheng Gao. Metabolic profiles in community-acquired pneumonia: developing assessment tools for disease severity.
Critical care (London, England).
2018 05; 22(1):130. doi:
10.1186/s13054-018-2049-2. [PMID: 29759075] - Ana Paula Black, Juliana S Anjos, Ludmila Cardozo, Flávia L Carmo, Carla J Dolenga, Lia S Nakao, Dennis de Carvalho Ferreira, Alexandre Rosado, José Carlos Carraro Eduardo, Denise Mafra. Does Low-Protein Diet Influence the Uremic Toxin Serum Levels From the Gut Microbiota in Nondialysis Chronic Kidney Disease Patients?.
Journal of renal nutrition : the official journal of the Council on Renal Nutrition of the National Kidney Foundation.
2018 05; 28(3):208-214. doi:
10.1053/j.jrn.2017.11.007. [PMID: 29439931] - Sahir Kalim, Ron Wald, Andrew T Yan, Marc B Goldstein, Mercedeh Kiaii, Dihua Xu, Anders H Berg, Clary Clish, Ravi Thadhani, Eugene P Rhee, Jeffrey Perl. Extended Duration Nocturnal Hemodialysis and Changes in Plasma Metabolite Profiles.
Clinical journal of the American Society of Nephrology : CJASN.
2018 03; 13(3):436-444. doi:
10.2215/cjn.08790817. [PMID: 29444900] - Joy Leng, Chris Proudman, Alistair Darby, Frances Blow, Neil Townsend, Andrew Miller, Jonathan Swann. Exploration of the Fecal Microbiota and Biomarker Discovery in Equine Grass Sickness.
Journal of proteome research.
2018 03; 17(3):1120-1128. doi:
10.1021/acs.jproteome.7b00784. [PMID: 29364680] - Takahiro Shiba, Ikuyo Makino, Takashi Sasaki, Yuji Fukuhara, Koji Kawakami, Ikuo Kato, Toshihide Kobayashi. p-Cresyl sulfate decreases peripheral B cells in mice with adenine-induced renal dysfunction.
Toxicology and applied pharmacology.
2018 03; 342(?):50-59. doi:
10.1016/j.taap.2018.01.025. [PMID: 29407365] - Daniel Y Li, W H Wilson Tang. Contributory Role of Gut Microbiota and Their Metabolites Toward Cardiovascular Complications in Chronic Kidney Disease.
Seminars in nephrology.
2018 03; 38(2):193-205. doi:
10.1016/j.semnephrol.2018.01.008. [PMID: 29602401] - Natália A Borges, Flávia L Carmo, Milena B Stockler-Pinto, Jessyca S de Brito, Carla J Dolenga, Dennis C Ferreira, Lia S Nakao, Alexandre Rosado, Denis Fouque, Denise Mafra. Probiotic Supplementation in Chronic Kidney Disease: A Double-blind, Randomized, Placebo-controlled Trial.
Journal of renal nutrition : the official journal of the Council on Renal Nutrition of the National Kidney Foundation.
2018 01; 28(1):28-36. doi:
10.1053/j.jrn.2017.06.010. [PMID: 28888762] - Takeo Edamatsu, Ayako Fujieda, Yoshiharu Itoh. Phenyl sulfate, indoxyl sulfate and p-cresyl sulfate decrease glutathione level to render cells vulnerable to oxidative stress in renal tubular cells.
PloS one.
2018; 13(2):e0193342. doi:
10.1371/journal.pone.0193342. [PMID: 29474405] - Linpei Jia, Qiang Jia, Jingyan Yang, Rufu Jia, Hongliang Zhang. Efficacy of Probiotics Supplementation On Chronic Kidney Disease: a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
Kidney & blood pressure research.
2018; 43(5):1623-1635. doi:
10.1159/000494677. [PMID: 30380555] - Alexander J Prokopienko, Thomas D Nolin. Microbiota-derived uremic retention solutes: perpetrators of altered nonrenal drug clearance in kidney disease.
Expert review of clinical pharmacology.
2018 Jan; 11(1):71-82. doi:
10.1080/17512433.2018.1378095. [PMID: 28905671] - Emiko Sato, Daisuke Saigusa, Eikan Mishima, Taeko Uchida, Daisuke Miura, Tomomi Morikawa-Ichinose, Kiyomi Kisu, Akiyo Sekimoto, Ritsumi Saito, Yuji Oe, Yotaro Matsumoto, Yoshihisa Tomioka, Takefumi Mori, Nobuyuki Takahashi, Hiroshi Sato, Takaaki Abe, Toshimitsu Niwa, Sadayoshi Ito. Impact of the Oral Adsorbent AST-120 on Organ-Specific Accumulation of Uremic Toxins: LC-MS/MS and MS Imaging Techniques.
Toxins.
2017 12; 10(1):. doi:
10.3390/toxins10010019. [PMID: 29283413] - Tariq Shafi, Tammy L Sirich, Timothy W Meyer, Thomas H Hostetter, Natalie S Plummer, Seungyoung Hwang, Michal L Melamed, Tanushree Banerjee, Josef Coresh, Neil R Powe. Results of the HEMO Study suggest that p-cresol sulfate and indoxyl sulfate are not associated with cardiovascular outcomes.
Kidney international.
2017 12; 92(6):1484-1492. doi:
10.1016/j.kint.2017.05.012. [PMID: 28739139] - Laetitia Koppe, Pascaline M Alix, Marine L Croze, Stéphane Chambert, Raymond Vanholder, Griet Glorieux, Denis Fouque, Christophe O Soulage. p-Cresyl glucuronide is a major metabolite of p-cresol in mouse: in contrast to p-cresyl sulphate, p-cresyl glucuronide fails to promote insulin resistance.
Nephrology, dialysis, transplantation : official publication of the European Dialysis and Transplant Association - European Renal Association.
2017 Dec; 32(12):2000-2009. doi:
10.1093/ndt/gfx089. [PMID: 28992089] - Pieter Evenepoel, Griet Glorieux, Bjorn Meijers. p-cresol sulfate and indoxyl sulfate: some clouds are gathering in the uremic toxin sky.
Kidney international.
2017 12; 92(6):1323-1324. doi:
10.1016/j.kint.2017.06.029. [PMID: 29153138] - Lama Nazzal, Julia Roberts, Prabhjot Singh, Sachin Jhawar, Albert Matalon, Zhan Gao, Robert Holzman, Len Liebes, Martin J Blaser, Jerome Lowenstein. Microbiome perturbation by oral vancomycin reduces plasma concentration of two gut-derived uremic solutes, indoxyl sulfate and p-cresyl sulfate, in end-stage renal disease.
Nephrology, dialysis, transplantation : official publication of the European Dialysis and Transplant Association - European Renal Association.
2017 Nov; 32(11):1809-1817. doi:
10.1093/ndt/gfx029. [PMID: 28379433] - Vincenzo Panichi, Maria Teresa Rocchetti, Alessia Scatena, Alberto Rosati, Massimiliano Migliori, Francesco Pizzarelli, Loreto Gesualdo. Long term variation of serum levels of uremic toxins in patients treated by post-dilution high volume on-line hemodiafiltration in comparison to standard low-flux bicarbonate dialysis: results from the REDERT study.
Journal of nephrology.
2017 Aug; 30(4):583-591. doi:
10.1007/s40620-017-0381-2. [PMID: 28337716] - Olivier Deltombe, Henriette de Loor, Griet Glorieux, Annemieke Dhondt, Wim Van Biesen, Björn Meijers, Sunny Eloot. Exploring binding characteristics and the related competition of different protein-bound uremic toxins.
Biochimie.
2017 Aug; 139(?):20-26. doi:
10.1016/j.biochi.2017.05.010. [PMID: 28528271] - Aleksandra Wyczalkowska-Tomasik, Bozena Czarkowska-Paczek, Joanna Giebultowicz, Piotr Wroczynski, Leszek Paczek. Age-dependent increase in serum levels of indoxyl sulphate and p-cresol sulphate is not related to their precursors: Tryptophan and tyrosine.
Geriatrics & gerontology international.
2017 Jun; 17(6):1022-1026. doi:
10.1111/ggi.12811. [PMID: 27240996] - Tammy L Sirich, Kara Fong, Brett Larive, Gerald J Beck, Glenn M Chertow, Nathan W Levin, Alan S Kliger, Natalie S Plummer, Timothy W Meyer. Limited reduction in uremic solute concentrations with increased dialysis frequency and time in the Frequent Hemodialysis Network Daily Trial.
Kidney international.
2017 05; 91(5):1186-1192. doi:
10.1016/j.kint.2016.11.002. [PMID: 28089366] - Matthew B Rivara, Leila R Zelnick, Andrew N Hoofnagle, Rick Newitt, Russell P Tracy, Mario Kratz, David S Weigle, Bryan R Kestenbaum. Diurnal and Long-term Variation in Plasma Concentrations and Renal Clearances of Circulating Markers of Kidney Proximal Tubular Secretion.
Clinical chemistry.
2017 04; 63(4):915-923. doi:
10.1373/clinchem.2016.260117. [PMID: 28188231] - Tessa Gryp, Raymond Vanholder, Mario Vaneechoutte, Griet Glorieux. p-Cresyl Sulfate.
Toxins.
2017 01; 9(2):. doi:
10.3390/toxins9020052. [PMID: 28146081] - Giane Favretto, Lauro M Souza, Paulo C Gregório, Regiane S Cunha, Rayana A P Maciel, Guilherme L Sassaki, Maria G Toledo, Roberto Pecoits-Filho, Wesley M Souza, Andréa E M Stinghen. Role of Organic Anion Transporters in the Uptake of Protein-Bound Uremic Toxins by Human Endothelial Cells and Monocyte Chemoattractant Protein-1 Expression.
Journal of vascular research.
2017; 54(3):170-179. doi:
10.1159/000468542. [PMID: 28472795] - Feby Savira, Longxing Cao, Ian Wang, Wendi Yang, Kevin Huang, Yue Hua, Beat M Jucker, Robert N Willette, Li Huang, Henry Krum, Zhiliang Li, Qiang Fu, Bing Hui Wang. Apoptosis signal-regulating kinase 1 inhibition attenuates cardiac hypertrophy and cardiorenal fibrosis induced by uremic toxins: Implications for cardiorenal syndrome.
PloS one.
2017; 12(11):e0187459. doi:
10.1371/journal.pone.0187459. [PMID: 29107962] - Carmela Cosola, Maria De Angelis, Maria Teresa Rocchetti, Eustacchio Montemurno, Valentina Maranzano, Giuseppe Dalfino, Carlo Manno, Annapaola Zito, Michele Gesualdo, Marco Matteo Ciccone, Marco Gobbetti, Loreto Gesualdo. Beta-Glucans Supplementation Associates with Reduction in P-Cresyl Sulfate Levels and Improved Endothelial Vascular Reactivity in Healthy Individuals.
PloS one.
2017; 12(1):e0169635. doi:
10.1371/journal.pone.0169635. [PMID: 28107445]