Nilvadipine (BioDeep_00000033371)

   

human metabolite blood metabolite Chemicals and Drugs


代谢物信息卡片


3-methyl 5-propan-2-yl 2-cyano-6-methyl-4-(3-nitrophenyl)-1,4-dihydropyridine-3,5-dicarboxylate

化学式: C19H19N3O6 (385.1273794)
中文名称: 尼伐地平
谱图信息: 最多检出来源 () 0%

分子结构信息

SMILES: CC1=C(C(C(=C(N1)C#N)C(=O)OC)C2=CC(=CC=C2)[N+](=O)[O-])C(=O)OC(C)C
InChI: InChI=1S/C19H19N3O6/c1-10(2)28-19(24)15-11(3)21-14(9-20)17(18(23)27-4)16(15)12-6-5-7-13(8-12)22(25)26/h5-8,10,16,21H,1-4H3

描述信息

Nilvadipine is only found in individuals that have used or taken this drug. It is a calcium channel blocker (CCB) for treatment of hypertension.Nilvadipine inhibits the influx of extracellular calcium through myocardial and vascular membrane pores by physically plugging the channel. The decrease in intracellular calcium inhibits the contractile processes of smooth muscle cells, causing dilation of the coronary and systemic arteries, increased oxygen delivery to the myocardial tissue, decreased total peripheral resistance, decreased systemic blood pressure, and decreased afterload.
C - Cardiovascular system > C08 - Calcium channel blockers > C08C - Selective calcium channel blockers with mainly vascular effects > C08CA - Dihydropyridine derivatives
C78274 - Agent Affecting Cardiovascular System > C270 - Antihypertensive Agent > C333 - Calcium Channel Blocker
D002317 - Cardiovascular Agents > D002121 - Calcium Channel Blockers
D002317 - Cardiovascular Agents > D000959 - Antihypertensive Agents
D000077264 - Calcium-Regulating Hormones and Agents
D049990 - Membrane Transport Modulators
C93038 - Cation Channel Blocker

同义名列表

8 个代谢物同义名

3-methyl 5-propan-2-yl 2-cyano-6-methyl-4-(3-nitrophenyl)-1,4-dihydropyridine-3,5-dicarboxylate; 5-Isopropyl-3-methyl-2-cyano-6-methyl-4-(3-nitrophenyl)-1,4-dihydro-3,5-pyridinecarboxylate; Trommsdorff brand OF nilvadipine; Dolorgiet brand OF nilvadipine; Klinge brand OF nilvadipine; Nilvadipine; Nivadil; Escor



数据库引用编号

8 个数据库交叉引用编号

分类词条

相关代谢途径

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代谢反应

0 个相关的代谢反应过程信息。

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WikiPathways(0)

Plant Reactome(0)

INOH(0)

PlantCyc(0)

COVID-19 Disease Map(0)

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PharmGKB(0)

1 个相关的物种来源信息

在这里通过桑基图来展示出与当前的这个代谢物在我们的BioDeep知识库中具有相关联信息的其他代谢物。在这里进行关联的信息来源主要有：

  • PubMed: 来源于PubMed文献库中的文献信息，我们通过自然语言数据挖掘得到的在同一篇文献中被同时提及的相关代谢物列表，这个列表按照代谢物同时出现的文献数量降序排序，取前10个代谢物作为相关研究中关联性很高的代谢物集合展示在桑基图中。
  • NCBI Taxonomy: 通过文献数据挖掘，得到的代谢物物种来源信息关联。这个关联信息同样按照出现的次数降序排序，取前10个代谢物作为高关联度的代谢物集合展示在桑吉图上。
  • Chemical Taxonomy: 在物质分类上处于同一个分类集合中的其他代谢物
  • Chemical Reaction: 在化学反应过程中，存在为当前代谢物相关联的生化反应过程中的反应底物或者反应产物的关联代谢物信息。

点击图上的相关代谢物的名称，可以跳转到相关代谢物的信息页面。



文献列表

  • Mariam S El-Semary, F Belal, Ali A El-Emam, Eman M Rabie Shehab El-Din, Amal A El-Masry. Ginseng root extract-mediated synthesis of monodisperse silver nanoparticles as a fluorescent probe for the spectrofluorometric determination of nilvadipine; Evaluation of remarkable anti-bacterial, anti-fungal and in-vitro cytotoxic activities. Spectrochimica acta. Part A, Molecular and biomolecular spectroscopy. 2024 Apr; 311(?):124017. doi: 10.1016/j.saa.2024.124017. [PMID: 38354677]
  • Tobie D Lee, Olivia W Lee, Kyle R Brimacombe, Lu Chen, Rajarshi Guha, Sabrina Lusvarghi, Bethilehem G Tebase, Carleen Klumpp-Thomas, Robert W Robey, Suresh V Ambudkar, Min Shen, Michael M Gottesman, Matthew D Hall. A High-Throughput Screen of a Library of Therapeutics Identifies Cytotoxic Substrates of P-glycoprotein. Molecular pharmacology. 2019 11; 96(5):629-640. doi: 10.1124/mol.119.115964. [PMID: 31515284]
  • Daniel J Warner, Hongming Chen, Louis-David Cantin, J Gerry Kenna, Simone Stahl, Clare L Walker, Tobias Noeske. Mitigating the inhibition of human bile salt export pump by drugs: opportunities provided by physicochemical property modulation, in silico modeling, and structural modification. Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals. 2012 Dec; 40(12):2332-41. doi: 10.1124/dmd.112.047068. [PMID: 22961681]
  • Toshiro Sakai, Kazuhiro Sako, Masahiro Hayashi. Factors affecting the absorption of nilvadipine from disintegration-controlled matrix tablet in dogs. Biological & pharmaceutical bulletin. 2011; 34(11):1731-6. doi: 10.1248/bpb.34.1731. [PMID: 22040887]
  • W Dohmen. [Investigation on the blood pressure-independent nephroprotective effect of nilvadipine in type 2 diabetics]. MMW Fortschritte der Medizin. 2008 Jan; 149 Suppl 4(?):167-71. doi: NULL. [PMID: 18402242]
  • A Uemura, A Mizota. Retinal concentration and protective effect against retinal ischemia of nilvadipine in rats. European journal of ophthalmology. 2008 Jan; 18(1):87-93. doi: 10.1177/112067210801800115. [PMID: 18203091]
  • Satoshi Okayama, Keiichi Imagawa, Noriyuki Naya, Hajime Iwama, Satoshi Somekawa, Hiroyuki Kawata, Manabu Horii, Tamio Nakajima, Shiro Uemura, Yoshihiko Saito. Blocking T-type Ca2+ channels with efonidipine decreased plasma aldosterone concentration in healthy volunteers. Hypertension research : official journal of the Japanese Society of Hypertension. 2006 Jul; 29(7):493-7. doi: 10.1291/hypres.29.493. [PMID: 17044661]
  • G Leonetti. Effects of nilvadipine and amlodipine in patients with mild to moderate essential hypertension: a double blind, prospective, randomised clinical trial. Current medical research and opinion. 2005 Jun; 21(6):951-8. doi: 10.1185/030079905x48438. [PMID: 15969895]
  • Toshiki Moriyama, Kazumasa Oka, Hirotsugu Ueda, Enyu Imai. Nilvadipine attenuates mesangial expansion and glomerular hypertrophy in diabetic db/db mice, a model for type 2 diabetes. Clinical and experimental nephrology. 2004 Sep; 8(3):230-6. doi: 10.1007/s10157-004-0303-1. [PMID: 15480900]
  • Yasumasa Otori, Shunji Kusaka, Atsushi Kawasaki, Hiroyuki Morimura, Atsuya Miki, Yasuo Tano. Protective effect of nilvadipine against glutamate neurotoxicity in purified retinal ganglion cells. Brain research. 2003 Jan; 961(2):213-9. doi: 10.1016/s0006-8993(02)03951-3. [PMID: 12531488]
  • Fuad S Shihab, William M Bennett, Jorge Isaac, Hong Yi, Takeshi F Andoh. Angiotensin II regulation of vascular endothelial growth factor and receptors Flt-1 and KDR/Flk-1 in cyclosporine nephrotoxicity. Kidney international. 2002 Aug; 62(2):422-33. doi: 10.1046/j.1523-1755.2002.00452.x. [PMID: 12110003]
  • Kohji Takara, Mikio Kakumoto, Yusuke Tanigawara, Junko Funakoshi, Toshiyuki Sakaeda, Katsuhiko Okumura. Interaction of digoxin with antihypertensive drugs via MDR1. Life sciences. 2002 Feb; 70(13):1491-500. doi: 10.1016/s0024-3205(01)01494-1. [PMID: 11895100]
  • S Saima, K Furuie, H Yoshimoto, J Fukuda, T Hayashi, H Echizen. The effects of rifampicin on the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of orally administered nilvadipine to healthy subjects. British journal of clinical pharmacology. 2002 Feb; 53(2):203-6. doi: 10.1046/j.0306-5251.2001.01545.x. [PMID: 11851646]
  • Norio Yasui-Furukori, Tomonori Tateishi. Carbamazepine decreases antihypertensive effect of nilvadipine. Journal of clinical pharmacology. 2002 Jan; 42(1):100-3. doi: 10.1177/0091270002042001012. [PMID: 11808819]
  • F Belal, H Abdine, N Zoman. Voltammetric determination of nilvadipine in dosage forms and spiked human urine. Journal of pharmaceutical and biomedical analysis. 2001 Nov; 26(4):585-92. doi: 10.1016/s0731-7085(01)00485-x. [PMID: 11516909]
  • K Breithaupt-Grögler, W Ungethüm, B Meurer-Witt, G G Belz. Pharmacokinetic and dynamic interactions of the angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor imidapril with hydrochlorothiazide, bisoprolol and nilvadipine. European journal of clinical pharmacology. 2001 Jul; 57(4):275-84. doi: 10.1007/s002280100323. [PMID: 11549204]
  • M Inouye, T Mio, K Sumino. Nilvadipine protects low-density lipoprotein cholesterol from in vivo oxidation in hypertensive patients with risk factors for atherosclerosis. European journal of clinical pharmacology. 2000 Apr; 56(1):35-41. doi: 10.1007/s002280050717. [PMID: 10853875]
  • N A Mohamed, Y Kuroda, A Shibukawa, T Nakagawa, S El Gizawy, H F Askal, M E El Kommos. Binding analysis of nilvadipine to plasma lipoproteins by capillary electrophoresis-frontal analysis. Journal of pharmaceutical and biomedical analysis. 1999 Dec; 21(5):1037-43. doi: 10.1016/s0731-7085(99)00197-1. [PMID: 10703972]
  • M Shimazawa, T Sugiyama, I Azuma, M Araie, Y Iwakura, M Watari, T Sakai, H Hara. Effect of lomerizine, a new Ca(2+)channel blocker, on the microcirculation in the optic nerve head in conscious rabbits: a study using a laser speckle technique. Experimental eye research. 1999 Aug; 69(2):185-93. doi: 10.1006/exer.1999.0689. [PMID: 10433855]
  • S Takeda, H Ueshiba, Y Hattori, M Irie. Cilnidipine, the N- and L-type calcium channel antagonist, reduced on 24-h urinary catecholamines and C-peptide in hypertensive non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. Diabetes research and clinical practice. 1999 Jun; 44(3):197-205. doi: 10.1016/s0168-8227(99)00053-4. [PMID: 10462143]
  • Y Ozawa, K Hayashi, T Nagahama, K Fujiwara, S Wakino, T Saruta. Renal afferent and efferent arteriolar dilation by nilvadipine: studies in the isolated perfused hydronephrotic kidney. Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology. 1999 Feb; 33(2):243-7. doi: 10.1097/00005344-199902000-00010. [PMID: 10028932]
  • M Naruse, A Tanabe, T Seki, C Adachi, T Yoshimoto, N Mishina, T Imaki, K Naruse, R Demura, H Demura. Effects of two calcium channel blockers on messenger RNA expression of endothelin-1 and nitric oxide synthase in cardiovascular tissue of hypertensive rats. Journal of hypertension. 1999 Jan; 17(1):53-60. doi: 10.1097/00004872-199917010-00009. [PMID: 10100094]
  • H Ueno, M Takata, S Tomita, S Oh-hashi, K Yasumoto, H Inoue. The effects of long-term treatment on left ventricular hypertrophy in patients with essential hypertension: relation to changes in neurohumoral factors. Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology. 1997 Nov; 30(5):643-8. doi: 10.1097/00005344-199711000-00015. [PMID: 9388047]
  • Y Tsuda, K Satoh, M Kitadai, Y Izumi, T Takahashi. Chronic hemorheological effects of the calcium antagonist nilvadipine in essential hypertension. Arzneimittel-Forschung. 1997 Aug; 47(8):900-4. doi: NULL. [PMID: 9296274]
  • J Kawahara, Y Jinno, M Endo, H Izumi, A Takeuchi, T Izawa. KRN4884, a novel K channel opener: antihypertensive effects in conscious renal hypertensive dogs. Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology. 1997 Jun; 29(6):814-9. doi: 10.1097/00005344-199706000-00016. [PMID: 9234664]
  • Y Sumida, Y Yano, K Murata, H Goto, H Ura, J Ezaki, S Tsutsumi, K Shirayama, M Misaki, T Shima. Effect of the calcium channel blocker nilvadipine on urinary albumin excretion in hypertensive microalbuminuric patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. The Journal of international medical research. 1997 May; 25(3):117-26. doi: 10.1177/030006059702500301. [PMID: 9178143]
  • H Sugawara, K Tobise, K Kikuchi. Antioxidant effects of calcium antagonists on rat myocardial membrane lipid peroxidation. Hypertension research : official journal of the Japanese Society of Hypertension. 1996 Dec; 19(4):223-8. doi: 10.1291/hypres.19.223. [PMID: 8986452]
  • H Ueno, M Takata, S Oh-hashi, F Tomoda, K Yasumoto, H Inoue. Time course of regression of vascular structural changes and its relation to cytosolic free calcium in hypertensives after nilvadipine treatment. Journal of human hypertension. 1995 Sep; 9(9):735-9. doi: NULL. [PMID: 8551487]
  • H Shimamoto, Y Shimamoto. Nilvadipine increases cerebral blood flow in elderly hypertensives: comparison with nifedipine. Journal of human hypertension. 1995 Apr; 9(4):271-9. doi: NULL. [PMID: 7595910]
  • R N Brogden, D McTavish. Nilvadipine. A review of its pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic properties, therapeutic use in hypertension and potential in cerebrovascular disease and angina. Drugs & aging. 1995 Feb; 6(2):150-71. doi: 10.2165/00002512-199506020-00007. [PMID: 7711361]
  • S Terashita, T Sawamoto, S Deguchi, Y Tokuma, T Hata. Sex-dependent and independent renal excretion of nilvadipine metabolites in rat: evidence for a sex-dependent active secretion in kidney. Xenobiotica; the fate of foreign compounds in biological systems. 1995 Jan; 25(1):37-47. doi: 10.3109/00498259509061831. [PMID: 7604605]
  • S Terashita, T Sawamoto, Z Tozuka, Y Tokuma, T Hata. Interaction of renal excretion between nilvadipine metabolites, M3 and M7 in rats: characterization of sex-dependent and sex-independent active secretion in the kidney. Research communications in molecular pathology and pharmacology. 1994 Nov; 86(2):205-15. doi: NULL. [PMID: 7881869]
  • T Mitamura, A Yamada, H Ishida, S Fujihira, K Ohara, H Noguchi, Y Mine. Tacrolimus (FK506)-induced nephrotoxicity in spontaneous hypertensive rats. The Journal of toxicological sciences. 1994 Nov; 19(4):219-26. doi: 10.2131/jts.19.4_219. [PMID: 7533848]
  • K Tanaka, M Honda, T Kuramochi, S Morioka. Prominent inhibitory effects of tranilast on migration and proliferation of and collagen synthesis by vascular smooth muscle cells. Atherosclerosis. 1994 Jun; 107(2):179-85. doi: 10.1016/0021-9150(94)90019-1. [PMID: 7526874]
  • A Shibukawa, C Nakao, T Sawada, A Terakita, N Morokoshi, T Nakagawa. Determination of the unbound concentration of hydrophobic drugs in albumin solutions by high-performance frontal analysis using a diol-silica column. Journal of pharmaceutical sciences. 1994 Jun; 83(6):868-73. doi: 10.1002/jps.2600830622. [PMID: 9120823]
  • Y Satoh, K Okumura, Y Shiokawa. Studies on nilvadipine. IV. Synthesis of deuteriated and optically active isopropyl 2-cyano-3-methoxycarbonyl-4-(3-nitrophenyl)-6-methyl-1,4- dihydropyridine-5-carboxylate (nilvadipine). Chemical & pharmaceutical bulletin. 1994 Apr; 42(4):950-2. doi: 10.1248/cpb.42.950. [PMID: 8020131]
  • S Takakura, Y Furuichi, T Yamamoto, T Ogawa, H Satoh, J Mori. Effect of nilvadipine on the development of neurological deficits in stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats. Stroke. 1994 Mar; 25(3):677-82; discussion 682. doi: 10.1161/01.str.25.3.677. [PMID: 8128525]
  • J Rosenthal. Nilvadipine: profile of a new calcium antagonist. An overview. Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology. 1994; 24 Suppl 2(?):S92-107. doi: NULL. [PMID: 7898101]
  • T Oshima, H Matsuura, R Ozono, M Ishida-Kainouchi, T Ishida, K Ishibashi, M Watanabe, Y Okura, M Kanbe, G Kajiyama. Erythrocyte sodium cannot predict hypotensive effects of calcium channel blockers. Nihon Jinzo Gakkai shi. 1993 Nov; 35(11):1227-31. doi: NULL. [PMID: 8139134]
  • W Zieleniewski. Effect of nilvadipine on adrenocortical cell proliferation and steroidogenesis in early stage of adrenal regeneration. Experimental and toxicologic pathology : official journal of the Gesellschaft fur Toxikologische Pathologie. 1993 Aug; 45(4):245-7. doi: 10.1016/s0940-2993(11)80400-8. [PMID: 8219715]
  • K P Pollack. [Calcium antagonists have a favorable long-term effect on lipid metabolism. Dr. K. P. Pollack presents results of his studies. Interview by Christine Schaefer]. Fortschritte der Medizin. 1992 Nov; 110(32):64-5. doi: ". [PMID: 1478601]
  • K Kawai, S Suzuki, Y Murayama, Y Watanabe, K Yamashita. Comparison of the effects of nilvadipine and captopril on glucose and lipid metabolism in NIDDM patients with hypertension. Diabetes research and clinical practice. 1992 May; 16(2):137-43. doi: 10.1016/0168-8227(92)90085-6. [PMID: 1600852]
  • K Hironaka, H Makino, I Kumagai, T Haramoto, Y Yamasaki, K Shikata, M Takahashi, M Nishii, Z Ota. A case of nephrotic syndrome and renal dysfunction in a pregnant woman with diabetes mellitus. Diabetic medicine : a journal of the British Diabetic Association. 1992 Apr; 9(3):307-11. doi: 10.1111/j.1464-5491.1992.tb01785.x. [PMID: 1576821]
  • K Lossnitzer, H J Huber, R Kuchlbauer, G Quitzdorff. 24-hour blood pressure control after single daily doses of nivaldipine in patients with essential hypertension. Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology. 1992; 20 Suppl 6(?):S35-42. doi: NULL. [PMID: 1283187]
  • A von Nieciecki, H J Huber, F Stanislaus. Pharmacokinetics of nilvadipine. Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology. 1992; 20 Suppl 6(?):S22-9. doi: NULL. [PMID: 1283185]
  • G Faust. The tolerability of nilvadipine compared to nifedipine in patients with essential hypertension. Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology. 1992; 20 Suppl 6(?):S56-61. doi: NULL. [PMID: 1283191]
  • Y Takata, T Yoshizumi, Y Ito, M Kikuchi, M Ueno, A Tsukashima, K Kobayashi, M Fujishima. Elevated plasma nilvadipine concentration after single and chronic oral administration to patients with chronic liver disease. European journal of clinical pharmacology. 1992; 42(5):475-9. doi: 10.1007/bf00314853. [PMID: 1606993]
  • H H Berger, F W Albert. Nilvadipine in hypertension with renal dysfunction. Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology. 1992; 20 Suppl 6(?):S73-9. doi: NULL. [PMID: 1283194]
  • M R Weir, N D Vlachkis, V DeQuattro, J Douglas, L P Svetkey, S Singh, S C Wiedl, C F Chen, D L Woodward, E Saunders. Evaluation of the clinical pharmacology of nilvadipine in patients with mild to moderate essential hypertension. Journal of clinical pharmacology. 1990 May; 30(5):425-37. doi: 10.1002/j.1552-4604.1990.tb03481.x. [PMID: 2189903]
  • M Yasujima, K Abe, M Kanazawa, K Yoshida, M Sato, K Takeuchi, K Tsunoda, K Kudo, M Kohzuki, K Omata. Calcium channel blockers reverse the sustained elevation of blood pressure induced by chronic infusion of endothelin in conscious rats. The Tohoku journal of experimental medicine. 1990 Feb; 160(2):157-65. doi: 10.1620/tjem.160.157. [PMID: 2191473]
  • S Terashita, Y Tokuma, M Sekiguchi, H Noguchi. Sex differences in the metabolism and excretion of nilvadipine, a new dihydropyridine calcium antagonist, in rats. Xenobiotica; the fate of foreign compounds in biological systems. 1989 Nov; 19(11):1221-9. doi: 10.3109/00498258909043174. [PMID: 2618076]
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  • Y Tokuma, T Fujiwara, T Niwa, T Hashimoto, H Noguchi. Stereoselective disposition of nilvadipine, a new dihydropyridine calcium antagonist, in the rat and dog. Research communications in chemical pathology and pharmacology. 1989 Feb; 63(2):249-62. doi: NULL. [PMID: 2711027]
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  • W K Cheung, L L Sia, D L Woodward, J F Graveline, R E Desjardins, A Yacobi, B M Silber. Importance of oral dosing rate on the hemodynamic and pharmacokinetic profile on nilvadipine. Journal of clinical pharmacology. 1988 Nov; 28(11):1001-7. doi: 10.1002/j.1552-4604.1988.tb03121.x. [PMID: 3243913]
  • T Niwa, Y Tokuma, K Nakagawa, H Noguchi, Y Yamazoe, R Kato. Stereoselective oxidation and plasma protein binding of nilvadipine, a new dihydropyridine calcium antagonist, in man. Research communications in chemical pathology and pharmacology. 1988 May; 60(2):161-72. doi: NULL. [PMID: 3393731]
  • M Terakawa, Y Tokuma, N Kuwahara, A Shishido, H Noguchi. Multiple-dose pharmacokinetics of nilvadipine in healthy volunteers. Journal of clinical pharmacology. 1988 Apr; 28(4):350-5. doi: 10.1002/j.1552-4604.1988.tb03157.x. [PMID: 3392233]
  • W H Wu, B M Henderson, R Lanc, D Garnes, A Yacobi, B M Silber. Relationship between the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic profile of nilvadipine in the dog. Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals. 1988 Mar; 16(2):222-7. doi: NULL. [PMID: 2898337]
  • T Niwa, Y Tokuma, H Noguchi. Oxidation of nilvadipine, a new dihydropyridine calcium antagonist, to the corresponding pyridine by rat liver microsomes. Xenobiotica; the fate of foreign compounds in biological systems. 1988 Feb; 18(2):217-24. doi: 10.3109/00498258809041657. [PMID: 3376493]
  • Y Tokuma, M Sekiguchi, T Niwa, H Noguchi. Pharmacokinetics of nilvadipine, a new dihydropyridine calcium antagonist, in mice, rats, rabbits and dogs. Xenobiotica; the fate of foreign compounds in biological systems. 1988 Jan; 18(1):21-8. doi: 10.3109/00498258809055133. [PMID: 3354229]
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  • S Terashita, Y Tokuma, T Fujiwara, Y Shiokawa, K Okumura, H Noguchi. Metabolism of nilvadipine, a new dihydropyridine calcium antagonist, in rats and dogs. Xenobiotica; the fate of foreign compounds in biological systems. 1987 Dec; 17(12):1415-25. doi: 10.3109/00498258709044002. [PMID: 3439192]
  • Y Tokuma, T Fujiwara, H Noguchi. Absorption, distribution and excretion of nilvadipine, a new dihydropyridine calcium antagonist, in rats and dogs. Xenobiotica; the fate of foreign compounds in biological systems. 1987 Nov; 17(11):1341-9. doi: 10.3109/00498258709047164. [PMID: 3433803]
  • M Yokota, M Koide, T Miyahara, S Kamihara, A Tsunekawa, S Noda, I Sotobata. Effects of a new second generation calcium channel blocker, nilvadipine (FR34235), on exercise-induced hemodynamic changes in stable angina pectoris. Journal of the American College of Cardiology. 1987 Oct; 10(4):830-6. doi: 10.1016/s0735-1097(87)80277-2. [PMID: 3655150]
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