Icariin-II;Icariside-II (BioDeep_00000271407)

   


代谢物信息卡片


Icariin-II;Icariside-II

化学式: C27H30O10 (514.183888)
中文名称:
谱图信息: 最多检出来源 () 0%

分子结构信息

SMILES: CC1C(C(C(C(O1)OC2=C(OC3=C(C(=CC(=C3C2=O)O)O)CC=C(C)C)C4=CC=C(C=C4)OC)O)O)O
InChI: InChI=1S/C27H30O10/c1-12(2)5-10-16-17(28)11-18(29)19-21(31)26(37-27-23(33)22(32)20(30)13(3)35-27)24(36-25(16)19)14-6-8-15(34-4)9-7-14/h5-9,11,13,20,22-23,27-30,32-33H,10H2,1-4H3

描述信息

同义名列表

1 个代谢物同义名

Icariin-II;Icariside-II



数据库引用编号

2 个数据库交叉引用编号

分类词条

相关代谢途径

Reactome(0)

BioCyc(0)

PlantCyc(0)

代谢反应

0 个相关的代谢反应过程信息。

Reactome(0)

BioCyc(0)

WikiPathways(0)

Plant Reactome(0)

INOH(0)

PlantCyc(0)

COVID-19 Disease Map(0)

PathBank(0)

PharmGKB(0)

0 个相关的物种来源信息

在这里通过桑基图来展示出与当前的这个代谢物在我们的BioDeep知识库中具有相关联信息的其他代谢物。在这里进行关联的信息来源主要有:

  • PubMed: 来源于PubMed文献库中的文献信息,我们通过自然语言数据挖掘得到的在同一篇文献中被同时提及的相关代谢物列表,这个列表按照代谢物同时出现的文献数量降序排序,取前10个代谢物作为相关研究中关联性很高的代谢物集合展示在桑基图中。
  • NCBI Taxonomy: 通过文献数据挖掘,得到的代谢物物种来源信息关联。这个关联信息同样按照出现的次数降序排序,取前10个代谢物作为高关联度的代谢物集合展示在桑吉图上。
  • Chemical Taxonomy: 在物质分类上处于同一个分类集合中的其他代谢物
  • Chemical Reaction: 在化学反应过程中,存在为当前代谢物相关联的生化反应过程中的反应底物或者反应产物的关联代谢物信息。

点击图上的相关代谢物的名称,可以跳转到相关代谢物的信息页面。



文献列表

  • Meng Wang, Jing Wang, Lingchen Wang, Xiaoxuan Feng, Yiling Qian, Chaoyang Ye, Chen Wang. Icariside II prevents kidney fibrosis development in chronic kidney disease by promoting fatty acid oxidation. Phytotherapy research : PTR. 2023 Dec; ?(?):. doi: 10.1002/ptr.8085. [PMID: 38081477]
  • Manting Hou, Hui Li, Tingting He, Siwen Hui, Wenzhang Dai, Xiaorong Hou, Jing Zhao, Jia Zhao, Jincai Wen, Wen Kan, Xiaohe Xiao, Xiaoyan Zhan, Zhaofang Bai. Icariside I reduces breast cancer proliferation, apoptosis, invasion, and metastasis probably through inhibiting IL-6/STAT3 signaling pathway. The Journal of pharmacy and pharmacology. 2023 Nov; ?(?):. doi: 10.1093/jpp/rgad103. [PMID: 37971302]
  • Wenbo Fan, Jianwu Zhou. Icariside II suppresses ferroptosis to protect against MPP+-Induced Parkinson's disease through Keap1/Nrf2/GPX4 signaling. The Chinese journal of physiology. 2023 Nov; 66(6):437-445. doi: 10.4103/cjop.cjop-d-23-00107. [PMID: 38149556]
  • Xu Wang, Jinjian Li, Lifang Liu, Jun-Ming Kan, Ping Niu, Zi-Qiao Yu, Chunyu Ma, Fuxiang Dong, Mo-Xuan Han, Jinhua Li, De-Xi Zhao. Pharmacological mechanism and therapeutic efficacy of Icariside II in the treatment of acute ischemic stroke: a systematic review and network pharmacological analysis. BMC complementary medicine and therapies. 2022 Sep; 22(1):253. doi: 10.1186/s12906-022-03732-9. [PMID: 36180911]
  • Rui Yu, Youfeng Zhou, Shufeng Shi, Xue Wang, Shuaishuai Huang, Yu Ren. Icariside II induces ferroptosis in renal cell carcinoma cells by regulating the miR-324-3p/GPX4 axis. Phytomedicine : international journal of phytotherapy and phytopharmacology. 2022 Jul; 102(?):154182. doi: 10.1016/j.phymed.2022.154182. [PMID: 35636172]
  • Chuan-Jian Shi, Shi-Ying Li, Chun-Hui Shen, Fei-Fei Pan, Li-Qiang Deng, Wei-Ming Fu, Ji-Yong Wang, Jin-Fang Zhang. Icariside II suppressed tumorigenesis by epigenetically regulating the circβ-catenin-Wnt/β-catenin axis in colorectal cancer. Bioorganic chemistry. 2022 07; 124(?):105800. doi: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2022.105800. [PMID: 35468415]
  • Hong-He Xiao, Ji-Cong Chen, He Li, Rui-Hai Li, Hai-Bo Wang, Hui-Peng Song, Hong-Yan Li, Guo-Shun Shan, Yu Tian, Yu-Meng Zhao, Jin-Ming Tian, Jing-Xian Yang. Icarisid II rescues cognitive dysfunction via activation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway promoting hippocampal neurogenesis in APP/PS1 transgenic mice. Phytotherapy research : PTR. 2022 May; 36(5):2095-2108. doi: 10.1002/ptr.7430. [PMID: 35230733]
  • Jian Huang, Jiuyang Ding, Zhuo Wang, Yanning Li, Yitong He, Xiaohan Wang, Haoliang Fan, Qiqian Xie, Pingming Qiu. Icariside II Attenuates Methamphetamine-Induced Neurotoxicity and Behavioral Impairments via Activating the Keap1-Nrf2 Pathway. Oxidative medicine and cellular longevity. 2022; 2022(?):8400876. doi: 10.1155/2022/8400876. [PMID: 35387263]
  • Chang Li, Fei-Fei Chen, Xiao-Bin Jia, Liang Feng, Xiao-Bin Tan. [Effects and mechanism of epimedium polysaccharide on solubility of icariin and baohuoside Ⅰ]. Zhongguo Zhong yao za zhi = Zhongguo zhongyao zazhi = China journal of Chinese materia medica. 2021 Nov; 46(22):5825-5831. doi: 10.19540/j.cnki.cjcmm.20210317.302. [PMID: 34951171]
  • Qisheng Feng, Lin Tong, Huiwen Guo, Chang Ma, Feng Qin, Zhili Xiong. Tailor-made deep eutectic solvents extraction combined with UPLC-MS/MS determination of icarrin and icarisid II in rat plasma and its comparative pharmacokinetic application. Journal of pharmaceutical and biomedical analysis. 2021 May; 199(?):114054. doi: 10.1016/j.jpba.2021.114054. [PMID: 33831735]
  • Shengqi Wang, Neng Wang, Xiaowei Huang, Bowen Yang, Yifeng Zheng, Juping Zhang, Xuan Wang, Yi Lin, Zhiyu Wang. Baohuoside i suppresses breast cancer metastasis by downregulating the tumor-associated macrophages/C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 1 pathway. Phytomedicine : international journal of phytotherapy and phytopharmacology. 2020 Nov; 78(?):153331. doi: 10.1016/j.phymed.2020.153331. [PMID: 32911383]
  • Ya-Sai Sun, Kiran Thakur, Fei Hu, Jian-Guo Zhang, Zhao-Jun Wei. Icariside II inhibits tumorigenesis via inhibiting AKT/Cyclin E/ CDK 2 pathway and activating mitochondria-dependent pathway. Pharmacological research. 2020 02; 152(?):104616. doi: 10.1016/j.phrs.2019.104616. [PMID: 31883767]
  • Yuping Shen, Man Wang, Jinwei Zhou, Yufei Chen, Lili Xu, Mengru Wu, Guohua Xia, James P Tam, Jiangnan Yu, Xiying Teng, Huan Yang, Xiaobin Jia. Eco-efficient biphasic enzymatic hydrolysis for the green production of rare baohuoside I. Enzyme and microbial technology. 2019 Dec; 131(?):109431. doi: 10.1016/j.enzmictec.2019.109431. [PMID: 31615677]
  • Hui-Min Gu, E Sun, Jie Li, Jian Hou, Xiao-Bin Jia. [Effect of processing excipient suet oil on formation and absorption of baohuoside Ⅰ-bile salt self-assembled micelles]. Zhongguo Zhong yao za zhi = Zhongguo zhongyao zazhi = China journal of Chinese materia medica. 2019 Dec; 44(23):5143-5150. doi: 10.19540/j.cnki.cjcmm.20190916.311. [PMID: 32237351]
  • Pingyu Ge, Yinxue Guo, Jun Shen. IcarisideII facilitates the differentiation of ADSCs to SCs via let-7i/STAT3 axis to preserve erectile function. Biological research. 2019 Oct; 52(1):54. doi: 10.1186/s40659-019-0262-3. [PMID: 31581950]
  • Lin Zhang, Ting Wang, Bao-Sheng Zhao, Jing-Xuan Zhang, Song Yang, Chun-Lan Fan, Pin Li. Effect of 2″-O-Rhamnosyl Icariside II, Baohuoside I and Baohuoside II in Herba Epimedii on Cytotoxicity Indices in HL-7702 and HepG2 Cells. Molecules (Basel, Switzerland). 2019 Apr; 24(7):. doi: 10.3390/molecules24071263. [PMID: 30939785]
  • Jing Yang, Jinshuai Lan, Hongzhi Du, Xiaoling Zhang, Aiyun Li, Xinyu Zhang, Yun Liu, Jieyi Zhang, Chaochao Zhang, Yue Ding, Tong Zhang. Icariside II induces cell cycle arrest and differentiation via TLR8/MyD88/p38 pathway in acute myeloid leukemia cells. European journal of pharmacology. 2019 Mar; 846(?):12-22. doi: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2018.12.026. [PMID: 30579933]
  • Yi Ling Teo, Wei Fun Cheong, Amaury Cazenave-Gassiot, Shanshan Ji, Susan Logan, Zhi Xing Kelvin Lee, Jun Li, Kok Yong Seng, Lawrence Soon-U Lee, Eu Leong Yong. Pharmacokinetics of Prenylflavonoids following Oral Ingestion of Standardized Epimedium Extract in Humans. Planta medica. 2019 Mar; 85(4):347-355. doi: 10.1055/a-0806-7673. [PMID: 30522143]
  • Xiao-Yu Liu, Hai-Han Liao, Hong Feng, Nan Zhang, Jing-Jing Yang, Wen-Jing Li, Si Chen, Wei Deng, Qi-Zhu Tang. Icariside II attenuates cardiac remodeling via AMPKα2/mTORC1 in vivo and in vitro. Journal of pharmacological sciences. 2018 Sep; 138(1):38-45. doi: 10.1016/j.jphs.2018.08.010. [PMID: 30241784]
  • Zi-Hao Li, Zhong-Cheng Ke, Liang Feng, Xiao-Bin Jia. [Preparation method and pharmacological effect of baohuoside Ⅰ]. Zhongguo Zhong yao za zhi = Zhongguo zhongyao zazhi = China journal of Chinese materia medica. 2018 Sep; 43(17):3444-3450. doi: 10.19540/j.cnki.cjcmm.20180702.007. [PMID: 30347910]
  • Tong Wu, Ting Li, Ya-Nan Kang, Li Liu, Xi-Man Wang, Jin-Shuai Lan, Yue Ding, Tong Zhang. Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Novel Alkyl Amine Substituted Icariside II Derivatives as Potential Anticancer Agents. Molecules (Basel, Switzerland). 2018 Aug; 23(9):. doi: 10.3390/molecules23092146. [PMID: 30150543]
  • Yajun Ruan, Guiting Lin, Ning Kang, Arianna Tamaddon, Jun Zhou, Bohan Wang, Hsun Shuan Wang, Guifang Wang, Lia Banie, Zhongcheng Xin, Jihong Liu, Tom F Lue. In Situ Activation and Preservation of Penile Progenitor Cells Using Icariside II in an Obesity-Associated Erectile Dysfunction Rat Model. Stem cells and development. 2018 02; 27(3):207-215. doi: 10.1089/scd.2017.0220. [PMID: 29179669]
  • Xiao-Yan Yuan, Meng Wang, Sheng Lei, Qian-Xu Yang, Yan-Qiu Liu. Rapid Screening of Active Components with an Osteoclastic Inhibitory Effect in Herba epimedii Using Quantitative Pattern-Activity Relationships Based on Joint-Action Models. Molecules (Basel, Switzerland). 2017 Oct; 22(10):. doi: 10.3390/molecules22101767. [PMID: 29048399]
  • Jie Song, Liang Feng, Rongling Zhong, Zhi Xia, Li Zhang, Li Cui, Hongmei Yan, Xiaobin Jia, Zhenhai Zhang. Icariside II inhibits the EMT of NSCLC cells in inflammatory microenvironment via down-regulation of Akt/NF-κB signaling pathway. Molecular carcinogenesis. 2017 01; 56(1):36-48. doi: 10.1002/mc.22471. [PMID: 26859114]
  • Hong-Mei Yan, Jie Song, Zhen-Hai Zhang, Xiao-Bin Jia. Optimization and anticancer activity in vitro and in vivo of baohuoside I incorporated into mixed micelles based on lecithin and Solutol HS 15. Drug delivery. 2016 Oct; 23(8):2911-2918. doi: 10.3109/10717544.2015.1120365. [PMID: 26644047]
  • Meixia Chen, Jinfeng Wu, Qingli Luo, Shuming Mo, Yubao Lyu, Ying Wei, Jingcheng Dong. The Anticancer Properties of Herba Epimedii and Its Main Bioactive Componentsicariin and Icariside II. Nutrients. 2016 Sep; 8(9):. doi: 10.3390/nu8090563. [PMID: 27649234]
  • Chao Zhang, Lei Yang, Ya-di Geng, Fa-Liang An, Yuan-Zheng Xia, Chao Guo, Jian-Guang Luo, Lu-Yong Zhang, Qing-Long Guo, Ling-Yi Kong. Icariside II, a natural mTOR inhibitor, disrupts aberrant energy homeostasis via suppressing mTORC1-4E-BP1 axis in sarcoma cells. Oncotarget. 2016 May; 7(19):27819-37. doi: 10.18632/oncotarget.8538. [PMID: 27056897]
  • Tao Cheng, Jun Yang, Tong Zhang, Yi-Shun Yang, Yue Ding. Optimized Biotransformation of Icariin into Icariside II by β-Glucosidase from Trichoderma viride Using Central Composite Design Method. BioMed research international. 2016; 2016(?):5936947. doi: 10.1155/2016/5936947. [PMID: 26981534]
  • Tao Cheng, Yong Zhang, Tong Zhang, Lu Lu, Yue Ding, Yuan Zhao. Comparative Pharmacokinetics Study of Icariin and Icariside II in Rats. Molecules (Basel, Switzerland). 2015 Dec; 20(12):21274-86. doi: 10.3390/molecules201219763. [PMID: 26633326]
  • Ya-di Geng, Chao Zhang, Ya-Min Shi, Yuan-Zheng Xia, Chao Guo, Lei Yang, Ling-Yi Kong. Icariside II-induced mitochondrion and lysosome mediated apoptosis is counterbalanced by an autophagic salvage response in hepatoblastoma. Cancer letters. 2015 Sep; 366(1):19-31. doi: 10.1016/j.canlet.2015.05.032. [PMID: 26118776]
  • Zargar Mohmad Arief, Abid Hussain Munshi, Abdul Sami Shawl. Evaluation of medicinal value of Epimedium elatum on the basis of pharmacologically active constituents, Icariin and Icariside-II. Pakistan journal of pharmaceutical sciences. 2015 Sep; 28(5):1665-9. doi: . [PMID: 26408886]
  • Muhammad Khan, Amara Maryam, Javed Iqbal Qazi, Tonghui Ma. Targeting Apoptosis and Multiple Signaling Pathways with Icariside II in Cancer Cells. International journal of biological sciences. 2015; 11(9):1100-12. doi: 10.7150/ijbs.11595. [PMID: 26221076]
  • De-Wu Zhang, Xiao-Yu Tao, Ri-Dao Chen, Li-Yan Yu, Jun-Gui Dai. Regio-selective deglycosylation of icariin by cell suspension cultures of Glycyrrhiza uralensis and Morus alba. Journal of Asian natural products research. 2015; 17(6):656-61. doi: 10.1080/10286020.2015.1052415. [PMID: 26074011]
  • Ya-di Geng, Lei Yang, Chao Zhang, Ling-Yi Kong. Blockade of epidermal growth factor receptor/mammalian target of rapamycin pathway by Icariside II results in reduced cell proliferation of osteosarcoma cells. Food and chemical toxicology : an international journal published for the British Industrial Biological Research Association. 2014 Nov; 73(?):7-16. doi: 10.1016/j.fct.2014.08.002. [PMID: 25119583]
  • Yan-Qiu Liu, Qian-Xu Yang, Meng-Chun Cheng, Hong-Bin Xiao. Synergistic inhibitory effect of Icariside II with Icaritin from Herba Epimedii on pre-osteoclastic RAW264.7 cell growth. Phytomedicine : international journal of phytotherapy and phytopharmacology. 2014 Oct; 21(12):1633-7. doi: 10.1016/j.phymed.2014.07.016. [PMID: 25442270]
  • Yongde Xu, Hongen Lei, Ruili Guan, Zhezhu Gao, Huixi Li, Lin Wang, Yu Hui, Feng Zhou, Zhongcheng Xin. Prophylactic protective effects and its potential mechanisms of IcarisideII on streptozotocin induced spermatogenic dysfunction. International journal of molecular sciences. 2014 Sep; 15(9):16100-13. doi: 10.3390/ijms150916100. [PMID: 25216341]
  • Hui-Hui Xiao, Chung-Yan Fung, Sao-King Mok, Ka-Chun Wong, Ming-Xian Ho, Xin-Luan Wang, Xin-Sheng Yao, Man-Sau Wong. Flavonoids from Herba epimedii selectively activate estrogen receptor alpha (ERα) and stimulate ER-dependent osteoblastic functions in UMR-106 cells. The Journal of steroid biochemistry and molecular biology. 2014 Sep; 143(?):141-51. doi: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2014.02.019. [PMID: 24607839]
  • Ben-Yong Yan, Chun-Shui Pan, Xiao-Wei Mao, Lei Yang, Yu-Ying Liu, Li Yan, Hong-Na Mu, Chuan-She Wang, Kai Sun, Fu-Long Liao, Jing-Yu Fan, Xue-Mei Wang, Jing-Yan Han. Icariside II improves cerebral microcirculatory disturbance and alleviates hippocampal injury in gerbils after ischemia-reperfusion. Brain research. 2014 Jul; 1573(?):63-73. doi: 10.1016/j.brainres.2014.05.023. [PMID: 24858929]
  • Yang Zhan, Ying-Jie Wei, E Sun, Feng-Juan Xu, Xiao-Bin Jia. [Two-dimensional zebrafish model combined with hyphenated chromatographic techniques for evaluation anti-osteoporosis activity of epimendin A and its metabolite baohuoside I]. Yao xue xue bao = Acta pharmaceutica Sinica. 2014 Jun; 49(6):932-7. doi: ". [PMID: 25212043]
  • Hui-Jun Pan, Xu-Qiang Nie, Duo Liu, Ka Bian. [Effects of four kinds of Chinese medicine monomer on growth of PANC-1 xenograft tumor and studying of molecular mechanism]. Zhongguo Zhong yao za zhi = Zhongguo zhongyao zazhi = China journal of Chinese materia medica. 2013 Jan; 38(2):245-8. doi: . [PMID: 23672050]
  • Sang-Hun Kang, Soo-Jin Jeong, Sun-Hee Kim, Ji-Hyun Kim, Ji Hoon Jung, Wonil Koh, Jung Hyo Kim, Dae Keun Kim, Chang-Yan Chen, Sung-Hoon Kim. Icariside II induces apoptosis in U937 acute myeloid leukemia cells: role of inactivation of STAT3-related signaling. PloS one. 2012; 7(4):e28706. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0028706. [PMID: 22493659]
  • Chaoqing Huang, Xiaoguang Chen, Baolin Guo, Wenhua Huang, Ting Shen, Xinguang Sun, Peigen Xiao, Qing Zhou. Induction of apoptosis by Icariside II through extrinsic and intrinsic signaling pathways in human breast cancer MCF7 cells. Bioscience, biotechnology, and biochemistry. 2012; 76(7):1322-8. doi: 10.1271/bbb.120077. [PMID: 22785466]
  • Zhenhai Zhang, Huixia Lv, Xiaobin Jia, Chen Lingling, Jin Xin, Chen Yan, Xiaobin Tan, E Sun. Influence of vitamin E tocopherol polyethylene glycol succinate 1000 on intestinal absorption of icariside II. Die Pharmazie. 2012 Jan; 67(1):59-62. doi: ". [PMID: 22393832]
  • Lifang Wang, An Lu, Xiaoxia Liu, Meixiang Sang, Baoen Shan, Fanru Meng, Qing Cao, Xin Ji. The flavonoid Baohuoside-I inhibits cell growth and downregulates survivin and cyclin D1 expression in esophageal carcinoma via β-catenin-dependent signaling. Oncology reports. 2011 Nov; 26(5):1149-56. doi: 10.3892/or.2011.1400. [PMID: 21785828]
  • Wai-Jiao Cai, Jian-Hua Huang, Su-Qin Zhang, Bin Wu, Pankaj Kapahi, Xin-Min Zhang, Zi-Yin Shen. Icariin and its derivative icariside II extend healthspan via insulin/IGF-1 pathway in C. elegans. PloS one. 2011; 6(12):e28835. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0028835. [PMID: 22216122]
  • Quan Xia, Dujuan Xu, Zhaogang Huang, Jianjun Liu, Xinqun Wang, Xiu Wang, Shangquan Liu. Preparation of icariside II from icariin by enzymatic hydrolysis method. Fitoterapia. 2010 Jul; 81(5):437-42. doi: 10.1016/j.fitote.2009.12.006. [PMID: 20026390]
  • E Sun, Xiao-Bin Jia, Xiao-Yong Jin, Jing-Jing Wang, Dong-Sheng Jia, Yan Chen, Bao-Chang Cai. [Quality research on Epimedium cut crude drug processed with oil]. Zhong yao cai = Zhongyaocai = Journal of Chinese medicinal materials. 2010 Jun; 33(6):869-74. doi: ". [PMID: 21049607]
  • Chuanyi Wang, Jinyi Cao, Yun Liang, Wenhua Huang, Baolin Guo. [Sampling in quality control of medicinal materials-A case of Epimedium]. Zhongguo Zhong yao za zhi = Zhongguo zhongyao zazhi = China journal of Chinese materia medica. 2009 Apr; 34(8):1011-4. doi: ". [PMID: 19639790]
  • Wen Xu, Yaping Zhang, Ming Yang, Ziyin Shen, Xinmin Zhang, Weidong Zhang, Haiyun Li. LC-MS/MS method for the simultaneous determination of icariin and its major metabolites in rat plasma. Journal of pharmaceutical and biomedical analysis. 2007 Nov; 45(4):667-72. doi: 10.1016/j.jpba.2007.07.007. [PMID: 17706393]
  • W K Li, R Y Zhang, P G Xiao. Flavonoids from Epimedium wanshanense. Phytochemistry. 1996 Sep; 43(2):527-30. doi: 10.1016/0031-9422(96)00187-2. [PMID: 8862041]
  • S Y Li, G Ping, L Geng, W K Seow, Y H Thong. Immunopharmacology and toxicology of the plant flavonoid baohuoside-1 in mice. International journal of immunopharmacology. 1994 Mar; 16(3):227-31. doi: 10.1016/0192-0561(94)90016-7. [PMID: 8206688]
  • S Y Li, B S Teh, W K Seow, Y L Liu, Y H Thong. In vitro immunopharmacological profile of the plant flavonoid baohuoside-1. International journal of immunopharmacology. 1991; 13(2-3):129-34. doi: 10.1016/0192-0561(91)90089-p. [PMID: 2071290]
  • S Y Li, B S Teh, W K Seow, F Li, Y H Thong. Effects of the plant flavonoid baohuoside-1 on cancer cells in vitro. Cancer letters. 1990 Sep; 53(2-3):175-81. doi: 10.1016/0304-3835(90)90211-f. [PMID: 2208077]