3-Methoxytyrosine (BioDeep_00000018148)

   

human metabolite Endogenous blood metabolite PANOMIX_OTCML-2023


代谢物信息卡片


2-amino-3-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)propanoic acid

化学式: C10H13NO4 (211.0844538)
中文名称: rac 3-O-甲基DOPA, 3-甲氧基酪氨酸, 3-甲氧基-L-酪氨酸
谱图信息: 最多检出来源 Chinese Herbal Medicine(otcml) 17%

Reviewed

Last reviewed on 2024-07-25.

Cite this Page

3-Methoxytyrosine. BioDeep Database v3. PANOMIX ltd, a top metabolomics service provider from China. https://query.biodeep.cn/s/3-methoxytyrosine (retrieved 2024-09-18) (BioDeep RN: BioDeep_00000018148). Licensed under the Attribution-Noncommercial 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC 4.0).

分子结构信息

SMILES: COC1=C(C=CC(=C1)CC(C(=O)O)N)O
InChI: InChI=1S/C10H13NO4/c1-15-9-5-6(2-3-8(9)12)4-7(11)10(13)14/h2-3,5,7,12H,4,11H2,1H3,(H,13,14)

描述信息

3-Methoxytyrosine, also known as 3-O-methyldopa or vanilalanine, belongs to the class of organic compounds known as tyrosine and derivatives. Tyrosine and derivatives are compounds containing tyrosine or a derivative thereof resulting from reaction of tyrosine at the amino group or the carboxy group, or from the replacement of any hydrogen of glycine by a heteroatom. 3-Methoxytyrosine is one of the main biochemical markers for Aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase (AADC, EC4.1.1.28) deficiency, an inborn error of metabolism that affects serotonin and dopamine biosynthesis. Chronically high levels of 3-methoxytyrosine are associated with aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase (AADC, 28) deficiency, an inborn error of metabolism that affects serotonin and dopamine biosynthesis. 3-Methoxytyrosine is a potentially toxic compound. 3-Methoxytyrosine, with regard to humans, has been found to be associated with several diseases such as epilepsy, early-onset, vitamin b6-dependent and pyridoxamine 5-prime-phosphate oxidase deficiency; 3-methoxytyrosine has also been linked to several inborn metabolic disorders including sepiapterin reductase deficiency and aromatic l-amino acid decarboxylase deficiency.
3-Methoxytyrosine is one of the main biochemical markers for Aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase (AADC, EC 4.1.1.28) deficiency, an inborn error of metabolism that affects serotonin and dopamine biosynthesis. Patients are usually detected in infancy due to developmental delay, hypotonia, and extrapyramidal movements. Diagnosis is based on an abnormal neurotransmitter metabolite profile in CSF and reduced AADC activity in plasma. 3-methoxytyrosine is elevated in CSF, plasma, and urine. (PMID 1357595, 1281049, 16288991) [HMDB]
3-O-Methyldopa (3-Methoxy-L-tyrosine) is a metabolite of L-DOPA which is formed by catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT). 3-O-Methyldopa competitively inhibits the pharmacodynamics of l-DOPA and dopamine[1].
3-O-Methyldopa (3-Methoxy-L-tyrosine) is a metabolite of L-DOPA which is formed by catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT). 3-O-Methyldopa competitively inhibits the pharmacodynamics of l-DOPA and dopamine[1].

同义名列表

20 个代谢物同义名

3-Methoxytyrosine, (L-tyr)-isomer, alpha-(14)C-labeled; 2-amino-3-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)propanoic acid; 2-Amino-3-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)propanoate; L-4-Hydroxy-3-methoxyphenylalanine; 3-Methoxytyrosine, (DL-tyr)-isomer; 3-Methoxytyrosine, (D-tyr)-isomer; 3-Methoxytyrosine, (L-tyr)-isomer; L-3-Methoxy tyrosine; (DL)-3-O-Methyldopa; L-3-Methoxytyrosine; 3-Methoxy-tyrosine; 3-Methoxytyrosine; 3-O-Methyl-dopa; 3-O-Methyldopa; 3-Methoxydopa; Vanilalanine; 3-OMD CPD; 3-Methoxytyrosine; 3-Methoxy-L-tyrosine; 3-O-Methyl-L-DOPA



数据库引用编号

11 个数据库交叉引用编号

分类词条

相关代谢途径

Reactome(0)

BioCyc(0)

PlantCyc(0)

代谢反应

0 个相关的代谢反应过程信息。

Reactome(0)

BioCyc(0)

WikiPathways(0)

Plant Reactome(0)

INOH(0)

PlantCyc(0)

COVID-19 Disease Map(0)

PathBank(0)

PharmGKB(0)

1 个相关的物种来源信息

在这里通过桑基图来展示出与当前的这个代谢物在我们的BioDeep知识库中具有相关联信息的其他代谢物。在这里进行关联的信息来源主要有:

  • PubMed: 来源于PubMed文献库中的文献信息,我们通过自然语言数据挖掘得到的在同一篇文献中被同时提及的相关代谢物列表,这个列表按照代谢物同时出现的文献数量降序排序,取前10个代谢物作为相关研究中关联性很高的代谢物集合展示在桑基图中。
  • NCBI Taxonomy: 通过文献数据挖掘,得到的代谢物物种来源信息关联。这个关联信息同样按照出现的次数降序排序,取前10个代谢物作为高关联度的代谢物集合展示在桑吉图上。
  • Chemical Taxonomy: 在物质分类上处于同一个分类集合中的其他代谢物
  • Chemical Reaction: 在化学反应过程中,存在为当前代谢物相关联的生化反应过程中的反应底物或者反应产物的关联代谢物信息。

点击图上的相关代谢物的名称,可以跳转到相关代谢物的信息页面。



文献列表

  • Shwu-Jiuan Lin, Lily Tai, Yu-Jie Huang, Yow-Shieng Uang, Yih Ho, Kuang-Yang Hsu, Li-Hsuan Wang. Effect of catechin and commercial preparation of green tea essence on the pharmacokinetics of l-dopa in rabbits. Biomedical chromatography : BMC. 2021 Dec; 35(12):e5227. doi: 10.1002/bmc.5227. [PMID: 34388856]
  • Masahiro Nomoto, Atsushi Takeda, Katsuaki Iwai, Akihisa Nishimura, Nobutaka Hattori. Effect of Opicapone Tablets on Levodopa and 3-O-Methyldopa Pharmacokinetics in Healthy Japanese Subjects: Phase 1 Study. Clinical pharmacology in drug development. 2021 02; 10(2):180-189. doi: 10.1002/cpdd.799. [PMID: 32416054]
  • Mirko Peitzsch, Elizabeth R Butch, Elizabeth Lovorn, Anastasios Mangelis, Wayne L Furman, Victor M Santana, Barbara Hero, Frank Berthold, Barry L Shulkin, Angela Huebner, Graeme Eisenhofer. Biochemical testing for neuroblastoma using plasma free 3-O-methyldopa, 3-methoxytyramine, and normetanephrine. Pediatric blood & cancer. 2020 02; 67(2):e28081. doi: 10.1002/pbc.28081. [PMID: 31724812]
  • Mirko Peitzsch, Anastasios Mangelis, Graeme Eisenhofer, Angela Huebner. Age-specific pediatric reference intervals for plasma free normetanephrine, metanephrine, 3-methoxytyramine and 3-O-methyldopa: Particular importance for early infancy. Clinica chimica acta; international journal of clinical chemistry. 2019 Jul; 494(?):100-105. doi: 10.1016/j.cca.2019.03.1620. [PMID: 30904545]
  • Siegfried Muhlack, Manuel Kinkel, Lennard Herrman, Thomas Müller. Levodopa, placebo and rotigotine change biomarker levels for oxidative stress. Neurological research. 2017 May; 39(5):381-386. doi: 10.1080/01616412.2017.1295520. [PMID: 28222651]
  • Prashant P Raut, Shrikant Y Charde, Pradeep Bishnoi. Simultaneous estimation of levodopa, carbidopa and 3-oxymethyldopa in rat plasma using HPLC-ECD. Biomedical chromatography : BMC. 2016 Oct; 30(10):1696-700. doi: 10.1002/bmc.3713. [PMID: 26910491]
  • Paldeep S Atwal, Taraka R Donti, Aaron L Cardon, C A Bacino, Qin Sun, L Emrick, V Reid Sutton, Sarah H Elsea. Aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase deficiency diagnosed by clinical metabolomic profiling of plasma. Molecular genetics and metabolism. 2015 Jun; 115(2-3):91-4. doi: 10.1016/j.ymgme.2015.04.008. [PMID: 25956449]
  • Rômulo Pereira Ribeiro, João Cleverson Gasparetto, Raquel de Oliveira Vilhena, Thais Martins Guimarães de Francisco, Thais Martins Guimarães de Francisco, Cleverson Antônio Ferreira Martins, Marco André Cardoso, Roberto Pontarolo, Katherine Athayde Teixeira de Carvalho. Simultaneous determination of levodopa, carbidopa, entacapone, tolcapone, 3-O-methyldopa and dopamine in human plasma by an HPLC-MS/MS method. Bioanalysis. 2015; 7(2):207-20. doi: 10.4155/bio.14.230. [PMID: 25587837]
  • Qu Qi, Lijuan Cao, Feiyan Li, Hong Wang, Huiying Liu, Haiping Hao, Kun Hao. Salvianolic acid B as a substrate and weak catechol-O-methyltransferase inhibitor in rats. Xenobiotica; the fate of foreign compounds in biological systems. 2015; 45(9):820-7. doi: 10.3109/00498254.2015.1017753. [PMID: 25869243]
  • Ewa Narożańska, Monika Białecka, Urszula Adamiak-Giera, Barbara Gawrońska-Szklarz, Witold Sołtan, Michał Schinwelski, Piotr Robowski, Mariusz H Madaliński, Jarosław Sławek. Pharmacokinetics of levodopa in patients with Parkinson disease and motor fluctuations depending on the presence of Helicobacter pylori infection. Clinical neuropharmacology. 2014 Jul; 37(4):96-9. doi: 10.1097/wnf.0000000000000037. [PMID: 24992088]
  • Dag Nyholm, Per Odin, Anders Johansson, Krai Chatamra, Charles Locke, Sandeep Dutta, Ahmed A Othman. Pharmacokinetics of levodopa, carbidopa, and 3-O-methyldopa following 16-hour jejunal infusion of levodopa-carbidopa intestinal gel in advanced Parkinson's disease patients. The AAPS journal. 2013 Apr; 15(2):316-23. doi: 10.1208/s12248-012-9439-1. [PMID: 23229334]
  • Thomas Müller, Constanze Jugel, Siegfried Muhlack, Fabian Klostermann. Methyl group-donating vitamins elevate 3-O-methyldopa in patients with Parkinson disease. Clinical neuropharmacology. 2013 Mar; 36(2):52-4. doi: 10.1097/wnf.0b013e318283fa18. [PMID: 23503547]
  • D Nyholm, A Johansson, H Lennernäs, H Askmark. Levodopa infusion combined with entacapone or tolcapone in Parkinson disease: a pilot trial. European journal of neurology. 2012 Jun; 19(6):820-6. doi: 10.1111/j.1468-1331.2011.03614.x. [PMID: 22136163]
  • Aiko Ishihara, Takafumi Miyachi, Takeshi Nakamura, Toshiho Ohtsuki, Yasuhiro Kimura, Kenji Kihira, Takemori Yamawaki, Masayasu Matsumoto. Relationship between 3-O-methyldopa and the clinical effects of entacapone in advanced Parkinson's disease. Hiroshima journal of medical sciences. 2011 Sep; 60(3):57-62. doi: . [PMID: 22053701]
  • Thomas Müller, Dirk Woitalla, Siegfried Muhlack. Inhibition of catechol-O-methyltransferase modifies acute homocysteine rise during repeated levodopa application in patients with Parkinson's disease. Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology. 2011 Jun; 383(6):627-33. doi: 10.1007/s00210-011-0629-7. [PMID: 21533995]
  • Thomas Müller, Siegfried Muhlack. Cysteinyl-glycine reduction as marker for levodopa-induced oxidative stress in Parkinson's disease patients. Movement disorders : official journal of the Movement Disorder Society. 2011 Feb; 26(3):543-6. doi: 10.1002/mds.23384. [PMID: 21462263]
  • T Wassenberg, M A A P Willemsen, P B H Geurtz, M Lammens, K Verrijp, M Wilmer, W T Lee, R A Wevers, M M Verbeek. Urinary dopamine in aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase deficiency: the unsolved paradox. Molecular genetics and metabolism. 2010 Dec; 101(4):349-56. doi: 10.1016/j.ymgme.2010.08.003. [PMID: 20832343]
  • Li-Hsuan Wang, Kuang-Yang Hsu, Yow-Shieng Uang, Feng-Lin Hsu, Li-Ming Yang, Shwu-Jiuan Lin. Caffeic acid improves the bioavailability of L-dopa in rabbit plasma. Phytotherapy research : PTR. 2010 Jun; 24(6):852-8. doi: 10.1002/ptr.3031. [PMID: 19941381]
  • Urszula Adamiak, Maria Kaldonska, Gabriela Klodowska-Duda, Elzbieta Wyska, Krzysztof Safranow, Monika Bialecka, Barbara Gawronska-Szklarz. Pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic modeling of levodopa in patients with advanced Parkinson disease. Clinical neuropharmacology. 2010 May; 33(3):135-41. doi: 10.1097/wnf.0b013e3181d47849. [PMID: 20216409]
  • Teresa Nunes, Rita Machado, José F Rocha, Carlos Fernandes-Lopes, Raquel Costa, Leonel Torrão, Ana I Loureiro, Amílcar Falcão, Manuel Vaz-da-Silva, Lyndon Wright, Luis Almeida, Patricio Soares-da-Silva. Pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic interaction between nebicapone and controlled-release levodopa/benserazide: a single-center, Phase I, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, four-way crossover study in healthy subjects. Clinical therapeutics. 2009 Oct; 31(10):2258-71. doi: 10.1016/j.clinthera.2009.10.019. [PMID: 19922897]
  • Thomas Müller, Siegfried Muhlack. Peripheral COMT inhibition prevents levodopa associated homocysteine increase. Journal of neural transmission (Vienna, Austria : 1996). 2009 Oct; 116(10):1253-6. doi: 10.1007/s00702-009-0275-0. [PMID: 19657587]
  • Thomas Müller, Wilfried Kuhn. Homocysteine levels after acute levodopa intake in patients with Parkinson's disease. Movement disorders : official journal of the Movement Disorder Society. 2009 Jul; 24(9):1339-43. doi: 10.1002/mds.22607. [PMID: 19425084]
  • Thomas Müller, Kira Kolf, Lema Ander, Dirk Woitalla, Siegfried Muhlack. Catechol-O-methyltransferase inhibition improves levodopa-associated strength increase in patients with Parkinson disease. Clinical neuropharmacology. 2008 May; 31(3):134-40. doi: 10.1097/wnf.0b013e31811510ed. [PMID: 18520980]
  • Chiara Muzzi, Erica Bertocci, Lucia Terzuoli, Brunetta Porcelli, Ilaria Ciari, Roberto Pagani, Roberto Guerranti. Simultaneous determination of serum concentrations of levodopa, dopamine, 3-O-methyldopa and alpha-methyldopa by HPLC. Biomedicine & pharmacotherapy = Biomedecine & pharmacotherapie. 2008 Apr; 62(4):253-8. doi: 10.1016/j.biopha.2007.10.018. [PMID: 18158229]
  • Eun-Sook Y Lee, Hongtao Chen, Jennifer King, Clivel Charlton. The role of 3-O-methyldopa in the side effects of L-dopa. Neurochemical research. 2008 Mar; 33(3):401-11. doi: 10.1007/s11064-007-9442-6. [PMID: 17713853]
  • Manuel Vaz-da-Silva, Ana I Loureiro, Teresa Nunes, Carlos Lopes, José Rocha, Rita Machado, Raquel Costa, Leonel Torrão, Amílcar Falcão, Lyndon Wright, Luis Almeida, Patrício Soares-da-Silva. Pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic interaction between nebicapone, a novel catechol-o-methyltransferase inhibitor, and controlled-release levodopa/carbidopa 200 mg/50 mg : randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover study in healthy subjects. Drugs in R&D. 2008; 9(6):435-46. doi: 10.2165/0126839-200809060-00006. [PMID: 18989992]
  • T Müller, J Welnic, S Muhlack. Acute levodopa administration reduces cortisol release in patients with Parkinson's disease. Journal of neural transmission (Vienna, Austria : 1996). 2007 Mar; 114(3):347-50. doi: 10.1007/s00702-006-0552-0. [PMID: 16932991]
  • T Müller, L Ander, K Kolf, D Woitalla, S Muhlack. Comparison of 200 mg retarded release levodopa/carbidopa - with 150 mg levodopa/carbidopa/entacapone application: pharmacokinetics and efficacy in patients with Parkinson's disease. Journal of neural transmission (Vienna, Austria : 1996). 2007; 114(11):1457-62. doi: 10.1007/s00702-007-0773-x. [PMID: 17564755]
  • T Müller, C Erdmann, S Muhlack, D Bremen, H Przuntek, O Goetze, D Woitalla. Pharmacokinetic behaviour of levodopa and 3-O-methyldopa after repeat administration of levodopa/carbidopa with and without entacapone in patients with Parkinson's disease. Journal of neural transmission (Vienna, Austria : 1996). 2006 Oct; 113(10):1441-8. doi: 10.1007/s00702-006-0442-5. [PMID: 16604302]
  • Morvarid Karimi, Juanita L Carl, Susan Loftin, Joel S Perlmutter. Modified high-performance liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection method for plasma measurement of levodopa, 3-O-methyldopa, dopamine, carbidopa and 3,4-dihydroxyphenyl acetic acid. Journal of chromatography. B, Analytical technologies in the biomedical and life sciences. 2006 May; 836(1-2):120-3. doi: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2006.03.027. [PMID: 16584928]
  • Eun-Sook Y Lee, Hongtao Chen, Karam F A Soliman, Clivel G Charlton. Effects of homocysteine on the dopaminergic system and behavior in rodents. Neurotoxicology. 2005 Jun; 26(3):361-71. doi: 10.1016/j.neuro.2005.01.008. [PMID: 15935208]
  • Siegfried Muhlack, Dirk Woitalla, Jacob Welnic, Svenja Twiehaus, Horst Przuntek, Thomas Müller. Chronic levodopa intake increases levodopa plasma bioavailability in patients with Parkinson's disease. Neuroscience letters. 2004 Jun; 363(3):284-7. doi: 10.1016/j.neulet.2004.04.012. [PMID: 15182961]
  • R Pons, B Ford, C A Chiriboga, P T Clayton, V Hinton, K Hyland, R Sharma, D C De Vivo. Aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase deficiency: clinical features, treatment, and prognosis. Neurology. 2004 Apr; 62(7):1058-65. doi: 10.1212/wnl.62.7.1058. [PMID: 15079002]
  • Christoph Saxer, Miyuki Niina, Akinori Nakashima, Yusuke Nagae, Naoki Masuda. Simultaneous determination of levodopa and 3-O-methyldopa in human plasma by liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection. Journal of chromatography. B, Analytical technologies in the biomedical and life sciences. 2004 Apr; 802(2):299-305. doi: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2003.12.006. [PMID: 15018791]
  • Pedro Silveira, Manuel Vaz-da-Silva, Luis Almeida, Joana Maia, Amilcar Falcão, Ana Loureiro, Leonel Torrão, Rita Machado, Lyndon Wright, Patrício Soares-da-Silva. Pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic interaction between BIA 3-202, a novel COMT inhibitor, and levodopa/benserazide. European journal of clinical pharmacology. 2003 Nov; 59(8-9):603-9. doi: 10.1007/s00228-003-0680-5. [PMID: 14517707]
  • F Blandini, G Nappi, R Fancellu, A Mangiagalli, A Samuele, G Riboldazzi, D Calandrella, C Pacchetti, G Bono, E Martignoni. Modifications of plasma and platelet levels of L-DOPA and its direct metabolites during treatment with tolcapone or entacapone in patients with Parkinson's disease. Journal of neural transmission (Vienna, Austria : 1996). 2003 Aug; 110(8):911-22. doi: 10.1007/s00702-003-0004-z. [PMID: 12898346]
  • Charles Crevoisier, Patricia Zerr, Françoise Calvi-Gries, Turid Nilsen. Effects of food on the pharmacokinetics of levodopa in a dual-release formulation. European journal of pharmaceutics and biopharmaceutics : official journal of Arbeitsgemeinschaft fur Pharmazeutische Verfahrenstechnik e.V. 2003 Jan; 55(1):71-6. doi: 10.1016/s0939-6411(02)00124-8. [PMID: 12551706]
  • Kunio Yui, Shigenori Ikemoto, Kimihiko Goto. Factors for susceptibility to episode recurrence in spontaneous recurrence of methamphetamine psychosis. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences. 2002 Jun; 965(?):292-304. doi: 10.1111/j.1749-6632.2002.tb04171.x. [PMID: 12105105]
  • Th Müller, D Woitalla, B Fowler, W Kuhn. 3-OMD and homocysteine plasma levels in parkinsonian patients. Journal of neural transmission (Vienna, Austria : 1996). 2002 Feb; 109(2):175-9. doi: 10.1007/s007020200013. [PMID: 12075857]
  • M Oechsner, C Buhmann, J Strauss, H J Stuerenburg. COMT-inhibition increases serum levels of dihydroxyphenylacetic acid (DOPAC) in patients with advanced Parkinson's disease. Journal of neural transmission (Vienna, Austria : 1996). 2002; 109(1):69-75. doi: 10.1007/s702-002-8237-z. [PMID: 11793163]
  • W Q Zhao, L Latinwo, X X Liu, E S Lee, N Lamango, C G Charlton. L-dopa upregulates the expression and activities of methionine adenosyl transferase and catechol-O-methyltransferase. Experimental neurology. 2001 Sep; 171(1):127-38. doi: 10.1006/exnr.2001.7726. [PMID: 11520127]
  • F Blandini, R Fancellu, E Martignoni, A Mangiagalli, C Pacchetti, A Samuele, G Nappi. Plasma homocysteine and l-dopa metabolism in patients with Parkinson disease. Clinical chemistry. 2001 Jun; 47(6):1102-4. doi: 10.1093/clinchem/47.6.1102. [PMID: 11375298]
  • A Parada, A I Loureiro, M A Vieira-Coelho, D Hainzl, P Soares-da-Silva. BIA 3-202, a novel catechol-O-methyltransferase inhibitor, enhances the availability of L-DOPA to the brain and reduces its O-methylation. European journal of pharmacology. 2001 May; 420(1):27-32. doi: 10.1016/s0014-2999(01)01020-2. [PMID: 11412836]
  • P Soares-da-Silva, A Parada, P Serrão. The O-methylated derivative of L-DOPA, 3-O-methyl-L-DOPA, fails to inhibit neuronal and non-neuronal aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase. Brain research. 2000 Apr; 863(1-2):293-7. doi: 10.1016/s0006-8993(00)02158-2. [PMID: 10773222]
  • S A Treseder, M Jackson, P Jenner. The effects of central aromatic amino acid DOPA decarboxylase inhibition on the motor actions of L-DOPA and dopamine agonists in MPTP-treated primates. British journal of pharmacology. 2000 Apr; 129(7):1355-64. doi: 10.1038/sj.bjp.0703189. [PMID: 10742291]
  • K M Jorga, T L Davis, M C Kurth, M H Saint-Hilaire, P A LeWitt, B Fotteler, G Zürcher, M Rabbia. Clinical, pharmacokinetic, and pharmacodynamic effects of tolcapone withdrawal in levodopa-treated patients with parkinsonism. Clinical neuropharmacology. 2000 Mar; 23(2):98-105. doi: 10.1097/00002826-200003000-00007. [PMID: 10803800]
  • U Bonuccelli, P Del Dotto, C Lucetti, L Petrozzi, S Bernardini, G Gambaccini, G Rossi, P Piccini. Diurnal motor variations to repeated doses of levodopa in Parkinson's disease. Clinical neuropharmacology. 2000 Jan; 23(1):28-33. doi: 10.1097/00002826-200001000-00006. [PMID: 10682228]
  • E Martignoni, F Blandini, L Godi, S Desideri, C Pacchetti, F Mancini, G Nappi. Peripheral markers of oxidative stress in Parkinson's disease. The role of L-DOPA. Free radical biology & medicine. 1999 Aug; 27(3-4):428-37. doi: 10.1016/s0891-5849(99)00075-1. [PMID: 10468218]
  • K M Jorga, J P Larsen, A Beiske, M Schleimer, B Fotteler, M Schmitt, B Moe. The effect of tolcapone on the pharmacokinetics of benserazide. European journal of neurology. 1999 Mar; 6(2):211-9. doi: 10.1111/j.1468-1331.1999.tb00015.x. [PMID: 10053234]
  • A Napolitano, P Del Dotto, L Petrozzi, G Dell'Agnello, G Bellini, G Gambaccini, U Bonuccelli. Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of L-Dopa after acute and 6-week tolcapone administration in patients with Parkinson's disease. Clinical neuropharmacology. 1999 Jan; 22(1):24-9. doi: 10.1097/00002826-199901000-00005. [PMID: 10047930]
  • U E Gasser, C Crevoisier, M Ouwerkerk, G Lankhaar, J Dingemanse. Comparative single- and multiple-dose pharmacokinetics of levodopa and 3-O-methyldopa following a new dual-release and a conventional slow-release formulation of levodopa and benserazide in healthy subjects. European journal of pharmaceutics and biopharmaceutics : official journal of Arbeitsgemeinschaft fur Pharmazeutische Verfahrenstechnik e.V. 1998 Sep; 46(2):223-8. doi: 10.1016/s0939-6411(98)00022-8. [PMID: 9795070]
  • M Hay, P Mormède. Determination of catecholamines and methoxycatecholamines excretion patterns in pig and rat urine by ion-exchange liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection. Journal of chromatography. B, Biomedical sciences and applications. 1997 Dec; 703(1-2):15-23. doi: 10.1016/s0378-4347(97)00390-3. [PMID: 9448058]
  • F Blandini, E Martignoni, C Pacchetti, S Desideri, D Rivellini, G Nappi. Simultaneous determination of L-dopa and 3-O-methyldopa in human platelets and plasma using high-performance liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection. Journal of chromatography. B, Biomedical sciences and applications. 1997 Oct; 700(1-2):278-82. doi: 10.1016/s0378-4347(97)00307-1. [PMID: 9390741]
  • J Dingemanse, C H Kleinbloesem, G Zürcher, N D Wood, C Crevoisier. Pharmacodynamics of benserazide assessed by its effects on endogenous and exogenous levodopa pharmacokinetics. British journal of clinical pharmacology. 1997 Jul; 44(1):41-8. doi: 10.1046/j.1365-2125.1997.00610.x. [PMID: 9241095]
  • P Benetello, M Furlanut, M Fortunato, F Pea, M Baraldo. Levodopa and 3-O-methyldopa in cerebrospinal fluid after levodopa-carbidopa association. Pharmacological research. 1997 Apr; 35(4):313-5. doi: 10.1006/phrs.1997.0145. [PMID: 9264047]
  • M Yamamoto, M Yokochi, S Kuno, Y Hattori, Y Tsukamoto, H Narabayashi, H Tohgi, Y Mizuno, H Kowa, N Yanagisawa, I Kanazawa. Effects of tolcapone, a catechol-O-methyltransferase inhibitor, on motor symptoms and pharmacokinetics of levodopa in patients with Parkinson's disease. Journal of neural transmission (Vienna, Austria : 1996). 1997; 104(2-3):229-36. doi: 10.1007/bf01273183. [PMID: 9203084]
  • M T O'Connell, F Tison, N P Quinn, P N Patsalos. Clinical drug monitoring by microdialysis: application to levodopa therapy in Parkinson's disease. British journal of clinical pharmacology. 1996 Dec; 42(6):765-9. doi: 10.1046/j.1365-2125.1996.00505.x. [PMID: 8971433]
  • T Ishikawa, V Dhawan, T Chaly, W Robeson, A Belakhlef, F Mandel, R Dahl, C Margouleff, D Eidelberg. Fluorodopa positron emission tomography with an inhibitor of catechol-O-methyltransferase: effect of the plasma 3-O-methyldopa fraction on data analysis. Journal of cerebral blood flow and metabolism : official journal of the International Society of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism. 1996 Sep; 16(5):854-63. doi: 10.1097/00004647-199609000-00010. [PMID: 8784230]
  • H M Ruottinen, U K Rinne. Effect of one month's treatment with peripherally acting catechol-O-methyltransferase inhibitor, entacapone, on pharmacokinetics and motor response to levodopa in advanced parkinsonian patients. Clinical neuropharmacology. 1996 Jun; 19(3):222-33. doi: 10.1097/00002826-199619030-00004. [PMID: 8726541]
  • F R Ibarra, J Aguirre, S Nowicki, M Barontini, E E Arrizurieta, I Armando. Demethylation of 3-O-methyldopa in the kidney: a possible source for dopamine in urine. The American journal of physiology. 1996 May; 270(5 Pt 2):F862-8. doi: 10.1152/ajprenal.1996.270.5.f862. [PMID: 8928849]
  • T Keränen, A Gordin, M Koulu, M Scheinin, S Antila, S Sundberg, T Wikberg. COMT inhibition by entacapone does not affect growth hormone or prolactin secretion in healthy volunteers. Journal of neural transmission (Vienna, Austria : 1996). 1996; 103(6):729-36. doi: 10.1007/bf01271232. [PMID: 8836934]
  • A Moser, F Siebecker, P Vieregge, P Jaskowski, D Kömpf. Salsolinol, catecholamine metabolites, and visual hallucinations in L-dopa treated patients with Parkinson's disease. Journal of neural transmission (Vienna, Austria : 1996). 1996; 103(4):421-32. doi: 10.1007/bf01276418. [PMID: 9617786]
  • W Y Chang, R A Webster. Effects of 3-O-methyl on L-dopa-facilitated synthesis and efflux of dopamine from rat striatal slices. British journal of pharmacology. 1995 Nov; 116(6):2637-40. doi: 10.1111/j.1476-5381.1995.tb17219.x. [PMID: 8590982]
  • H Tohgi, T Abe, K Yamazaki, M Saheki, S Takahashi, Y Tsukamoto. Effects of the catechol-O-methyltransferase inhibitor tolcapone in Parkinson's disease: correlations between concentrations of dopaminergic substances in the plasma and cerebrospinal fluid and clinical improvement. Neuroscience letters. 1995 Jun; 192(3):165-8. doi: 10.1016/0304-3940(95)11636-b. [PMID: 7566641]
  • I Armando, S Nowicki, J Aguirre, M Barontini. A decreased tubular uptake of dopa results in defective renal dopamine production in aged rats. The American journal of physiology. 1995 Jun; 268(6 Pt 2):F1087-92. doi: 10.1152/ajprenal.1995.268.6.f1087. [PMID: 7611449]
  • S Sarre, D Deleu, K Van Belle, G Ebinger, Y Michotte. Quantitative microdialysis for studying the in vivo L-DOPA kinetics in blood and skeletal muscle of the dog. Pharmaceutical research. 1995 May; 12(5):746-50. doi: 10.1023/a:1016271911983. [PMID: 7479562]
  • R J Carey, H Dai, J P Huston, M Pinheiro-Carrera, R K Schwarting, C Tomaz. L-DOPA metabolism in cortical and striatal tissues in an animal model of parkinsonism. Brain research bulletin. 1995; 37(3):295-9. doi: 10.1016/0361-9230(95)00019-b. [PMID: 7627573]
  • P Soares-da-Silva, M H Fernandes, P C Pinto-do-O. Cell inward transport of L-DOPA and 3-O-methyl-L-DOPA in rat renal tubules. British journal of pharmacology. 1994 Jun; 112(2):611-5. doi: 10.1111/j.1476-5381.1994.tb13118.x. [PMID: 8075877]
  • I Rondelli, D Acerbi, F Mariotti, P Ventura. Simultaneous determination of levodopa methyl ester, levodopa, 3-O-methyldopa and dopamine in plasma by high-performance liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection. Journal of chromatography. B, Biomedical applications. 1994 Feb; 653(1):17-23. doi: 10.1016/0378-4347(93)e0411-i. [PMID: 8012555]
  • D Deleu, S Sarre, Y Michotte, G Ebinger. Simultaneous in vivo microdialysis in plasma and skeletal muscle: a study of the pharmacokinetic properties of levodopa by noncompartmental analysis. Journal of pharmaceutical sciences. 1994 Jan; 83(1):25-8. doi: 10.1002/jps.2600830107. [PMID: 8138904]
  • D Deleu, S Sarre, G Ebinger, Y Michotte. The effect of carbidopa on the pharmacokinetics and metabolism of intravenously administered levodopa in blood plasma and skeletal muscle. Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology. 1993 Dec; 348(6):576-81. doi: 10.1007/bf00167232. [PMID: 8133901]
  • P R Bieck, K H Antonin, G Farger, E B Nilsson, E K Schmidt, P Dostert, M Strolin Benedetti, P C Waldmeier. Clinical pharmacology of the new COMT inhibitor CGP 28,014. Neurochemical research. 1993 Nov; 18(11):1163-7. doi: 10.1007/bf00978368. [PMID: 8255368]
  • L A Schuh, J P Bennett. Suppression of dyskinesias in advanced Parkinson's disease. I. Continuous intravenous levodopa shifts dose response for production of dyskinesias but not for relief of parkinsonism in patients with advanced Parkinson's disease. Neurology. 1993 Aug; 43(8):1545-50. doi: 10.1212/wnl.43.8.1545. [PMID: 8351009]
  • T Keränen, A Gordin, V P Harjola, M Karlsson, K Korpela, P J Pentikäinen, H Rita, L Seppälä, T Wikberg. The effect of catechol-O-methyl transferase inhibition by entacapone on the pharmacokinetics and metabolism of levodopa in healthy volunteers. Clinical neuropharmacology. 1993 Apr; 16(2):145-56. doi: 10.1097/00002826-199304000-00007. [PMID: 8477410]
  • J G Nutt, J H Carter, W Woodward, J P Hammerstad, S T Gancher. Does tolerance develop to levodopa? Comparison of 2- and 21-H levodopa infusions. Movement disorders : official journal of the Movement Disorder Society. 1993 Apr; 8(2):139-43. doi: 10.1002/mds.870080204. [PMID: 8474479]
  • P Benetello, M Furlanut, G Zara, M Baraldo, E Hassan. Plasma levels of levodopa and its main metabolites in parkinsonian patients after conventional and controlled-release levodopa-carbidopa associations. European neurology. 1993; 33(1):69-73. doi: 10.1159/000116905. [PMID: 8440292]
  • K Hyland, P T Clayton. Aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase deficiency: diagnostic methodology. Clinical chemistry. 1992 Dec; 38(12):2405-10. doi: 10.1093/clinchem/38.12.2405. [PMID: 1281049]
  • E Nissinen, I B Lindén, E Schultz, P Pohto. Biochemical and pharmacological properties of a peripherally acting catechol-O-methyltransferase inhibitor entacapone. Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology. 1992 Sep; 346(3):262-6. doi: 10.1007/bf00173538. [PMID: 1407012]
  • M Guttman, G Léger, J M Cedarbaum, A Reches, W Woodward, A Evans, M Diksic, A Gjedde. 3-O-methyldopa administration does not alter fluorodopa transport into the brain. Annals of neurology. 1992 Jun; 31(6):638-43. doi: 10.1002/ana.410310611. [PMID: 1514775]
  • G L Chan, K A Hewitt, B D Pate, P Schofield, M J Adam, T J Ruth. Routine determination of [18F]-L-6-fluorodopa and its metabolites in blood plasma is essential for accurate positron emission tomography studies. Life sciences. 1992; 50(4):309-18. doi: 10.1016/0024-3205(92)90339-q. [PMID: 1732701]
  • S Kaakkola, P Tuomainen, R J Wurtman, P T Männistö. Effects of systemic carbidopa on dopamine synthesis in rat hypothalamus and striatum. Journal of neural transmission. Parkinson's disease and dementia section. 1992; 4(2):143-54. doi: 10.1007/bf02251477. [PMID: 1571078]
  • D Deleu, S Sarre, G Ebinger, Y Michotte. In vivo pharmacokinetics of levodopa and 3-O-methyldopa in muscle. A microdialysis study. Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology. 1991 Nov; 344(5):514-9. doi: 10.1007/bf00170645. [PMID: 1811168]
  • P Piccini, P Del Dotto, C Pardini, P D'Antonio, G Rossi, U Bonuccelli. [Diurnal worsening in Parkinson patients treated with levodopa]. Rivista di neurologia. 1991 Nov; 61(6):219-24. doi: NULL. [PMID: 1813974]
  • D J Doudet, C A McLellan, R Carson, H R Adams, H Miyake, T G Aigner, R T Finn, R M Cohen. Distribution and kinetics of 3-O-methyl-6-[18F]fluoro-L-dopa in the rhesus monkey brain. Journal of cerebral blood flow and metabolism : official journal of the International Society of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism. 1991 Sep; 11(5):726-34. doi: 10.1038/jcbfm.1991.129. [PMID: 1874805]
  • J M Cedarbaum, G Leger, M Guttman. Reduction of circulating 3-O-methyldopa by inhibition of catechol-O-methyltransferase with OR-611 and OR-462 in cynomolgus monkeys: implications for the treatment of Parkinson's disease. Clinical neuropharmacology. 1991 Aug; 14(4):330-42. doi: 10.1097/00002826-199108000-00005. [PMID: 1913700]
  • I Armando, E Grossman, A Hoffman, D S Goldstein. Method for measuring endogenous 3-O-methyldopa in urine and plasma. Journal of chromatography. 1991 Jul; 568(1):45-54. doi: 10.1016/0378-4347(91)80339-e. [PMID: 1770109]
  • S Rose, P Jenner, C D Marsden. Peripheral pharmacokinetic handling and metabolism of L-dopa in the rat: the effect of route of administration and carbidopa pretreatment. The Journal of pharmacy and pharmacology. 1991 May; 43(5):325-30. doi: 10.1111/j.2042-7158.1991.tb06698.x. [PMID: 1680174]
  • T Wikberg. Simultaneous determination of levodopa, its main metabolites and carbidopa in plasma by liquid chromatography. Journal of pharmaceutical and biomedical analysis. 1991; 9(2):167-76. doi: 10.1016/0731-7085(91)80140-5. [PMID: 1873308]
  • D Deleu, S Sarre, P Herregodts, G Ebinger, Y Michotte. Continuous intravenous monitoring of levodopa and 3-O-methyldopa by microdialysis and high-performance liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection. Journal of pharmaceutical and biomedical analysis. 1991; 9(2):159-65. doi: 10.1016/0731-7085(91)80139-z. [PMID: 1873307]
  • D C Titus, T F August, K C Yeh, R Eisenhandler, W F Bayne, D G Musson. Simultaneous high-performance liquid chromatographic analysis of carbidopa, levodopa and 3-O-methyldopa in plasma and carbidopa, levodopa and dopamine in urine using electrochemical detection. Journal of chromatography. 1990 Dec; 534(?):87-100. doi: 10.1016/s0378-4347(00)82151-9. [PMID: 2094725]
  • J M Cedarbaum, G Léger, A Reches, M Guttman. Effect of nitecapone (OR-462) on the pharmacokinetics of levodopa and 3-O-methyldopa formation in cynomolgus monkeys. Clinical neuropharmacology. 1990 Dec; 13(6):544-52. doi: 10.1097/00002826-199012000-00006. [PMID: 2276119]
  • G Zürcher, M Da Prada. Simple automated high-performance liquid chromatographic column-switching technique for the measurement of dopa and 3-O-methyldopa in plasma. Journal of chromatography. 1990 Sep; 530(2):253-62. doi: 10.1016/s0378-4347(00)82329-4. [PMID: 2127780]
  • P C Waldmeier, P De Herdt, L Maitre. Effects of the COMT inhibitor, CGP 28014, on plasma homovanillic acid and O-methylation of exogenous L-dopa in the rat. Journal of neural transmission. Supplementum. 1990; 32(?):381-6. doi: 10.1007/978-3-7091-9113-2_52. [PMID: 2128510]
  • P R Bieck, E Nilsson, K H Antonin. Effect of the new selective COMT inhibitor CGP 28014 A on the formation of 3-O-methyldopa (3OMD) in plasma of healthy subjects. Journal of neural transmission. Supplementum. 1990; 32(?):387-91. doi: 10.1007/978-3-7091-9113-2_53. [PMID: 2128511]
  • G Zürcher, A Colzi, M Da Prada. Ro 40-7592: inhibition of COMT in rat brain and extracerebral tissues. Journal of neural transmission. Supplementum. 1990; 32(?):375-80. doi: 10.1007/978-3-7091-9113-2_51. [PMID: 2089102]
  • K Hyland, P T Clayton. Aromatic amino acid decarboxylase deficiency in twins. Journal of inherited metabolic disease. 1990; 13(3):301-4. doi: 10.1007/bf01799380. [PMID: 1700191]
  • K C Yeh, T F August, D F Bush, K C Lasseter, D G Musson, S Schwartz, M E Smith, D C Titus. Pharmacokinetics and bioavailability of Sinemet CR: a summary of human studies. Neurology. 1989 Nov; 39(11 Suppl 2):25-38. doi: NULL. [PMID: 2685649]
  • J M Cedarbaum, H Kutt, F H McDowell. A pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic comparison of Sinemet CR (50/200) and standard Sinemet (25/100). Neurology. 1989 Nov; 39(11 Suppl 2):38-44; discussion 59. doi: NULL. [PMID: 2586762]
  • P A LeWitt, M V Nelson, R C Berchou, M P Galloway, N Kesaree, D Kareti, P Schlick. Controlled-release carbidopa/levodopa (Sinemet 50/200 CR4): clinical and pharmacokinetic studies. Neurology. 1989 Nov; 39(11 Suppl 2):45-53; discussion 59. doi: NULL. [PMID: 2685650]