Muraglitazar (BioDeep_00000181141)
human metabolite blood metabolite
代谢物信息卡片
2-{[(4-methoxyphenoxy)carbonyl]({4-[2-(5-methyl-2-phenyl-1,3-oxazol-4-yl)ethoxy]phenyl}methyl)amino}acetic acid
化学式: C29H28N2O7 (516.1896418)
中文名称: 莫格列地
谱图信息:
最多检出来源 Homo sapiens(blood) 80%
分子结构信息
SMILES: CC1=C(N=C(O1)C2=CC=CC=C2)CCOC3=CC=C(C=C3)CN(CC(=O)O)C(=O)OC4=CC=C(C=C4)OC
InChI: InChI=1S/C29H28N2O7/c1-20-26(30-28(37-20)22-6-4-3-5-7-22)16-17-36-24-10-8-21(9-11-24)18-31(19-27(32)33)29(34)38-25-14-12-23(35-2)13-15-25/h3-15H,16-19H2,1-2H3,(H,32,33)
描述信息
C78276 - Agent Affecting Digestive System or Metabolism > C29711 - Anti-diabetic Agent > C154291 - Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Agonist
同义名列表
7 个代谢物同义名
2-{[(4-methoxyphenoxy)carbonyl]({4-[2-(5-methyl-2-phenyl-1,3-oxazol-4-yl)ethoxy]phenyl}methyl)amino}acetic acid; 2-{[(4-methoxyphenoxy)carbonyl]({4-[2-(5-methyl-2-phenyl-1,3-oxazol-4-yl)ethoxy]phenyl}methyl)amino}acetate; 2-[(4-Methoxyphenoxy)carbonyl-[[4-[2-(5-methyl-2-phenyl-1,3-oxazol-4-yl)ethoxy]phenyl]methyl]amino]acetate; N-((4-Methoxyphenoxy)carbonyl)-N-((4-(2-(5-methyl-2-phenyl-4-oxazolyl)ethoxy)phenyl)methyl)glycine; BMS-298585Muraglitazar; Muraglitazar; Pargluva
数据库引用编号
7 个数据库交叉引用编号
- ChEBI: CHEBI:188851
- PubChem: 206044
- HMDB: HMDB0254949
- DrugBank: DB06510
- ChEMBL: CHEMBL186179
- Wikipedia: Muraglitazar
- CAS: 331741-94-7
分类词条
相关代谢途径
Reactome(0)
BioCyc(0)
PlantCyc(0)
代谢反应
0 个相关的代谢反应过程信息。
Reactome(0)
BioCyc(0)
WikiPathways(0)
Plant Reactome(0)
INOH(0)
PlantCyc(0)
COVID-19 Disease Map(0)
PathBank(0)
PharmGKB(0)
1 个相关的物种来源信息
在这里通过桑基图来展示出与当前的这个代谢物在我们的BioDeep知识库中具有相关联信息的其他代谢物。在这里进行关联的信息来源主要有：
- PubMed: 来源于PubMed文献库中的文献信息，我们通过自然语言数据挖掘得到的在同一篇文献中被同时提及的相关代谢物列表，这个列表按照代谢物同时出现的文献数量降序排序，取前10个代谢物作为相关研究中关联性很高的代谢物集合展示在桑基图中。
- NCBI Taxonomy: 通过文献数据挖掘，得到的代谢物物种来源信息关联。这个关联信息同样按照出现的次数降序排序，取前10个代谢物作为高关联度的代谢物集合展示在桑吉图上。
- Chemical Taxonomy: 在物质分类上处于同一个分类集合中的其他代谢物
- Chemical Reaction: 在化学反应过程中，存在为当前代谢物相关联的生化反应过程中的反应底物或者反应产物的关联代谢物信息。
点击图上的相关代谢物的名称，可以跳转到相关代谢物的信息页面。
文献列表
- Abhinav Sharma, Neha J Pagidipati, Robert M Califf, Darren K McGuire, Jennifer B Green, Dave Demets, Jyothis Thomas George, Hertzel C Gerstein, Todd Hobbs, Rury R Holman, Francesca C Lawson, Lawrence A Leiter, Marc A Pfeffer, Jane Reusch, Jeffrey S Riesmeyer, Matthew T Roe, Yves Rosenberg, Robert Temple, Stephen Wiviott, John McMurray, Christopher Granger. Impact of Regulatory Guidance on Evaluating Cardiovascular Risk of New Glucose-Lowering Therapies to Treat Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: Lessons Learned and Future Directions.
Circulation.
2020 03; 141(10):843-862. doi:
10.1161/circulationaha.119.041022. [PMID: 31992065] - Celine Pirat, Catherine Dacquet, Veronique Leclerc, Nathalie Hennuyer, Monique Beucher-Gaudin, Ghislaine Zanirato, Anne Géant, Bart Staels, Alain Ktorza, Amaury Farce, Daniel-Henri Caignard, Pascal Berthelot, Nicolas Lebegue. Anti-diabetic activity of fused PPARγ-SIRT1 ligands with limited body-weight gain by mimicking calorie restriction and decreasing SGK1 expression.
European journal of medicinal chemistry.
2017 Sep; 137(?):310-326. doi:
10.1016/j.ejmech.2017.06.006. [PMID: 28609708] - D K Coletta, M Fernandez, E Cersosimo, A Gastaldelli, N Musi, R A DeFronzo. The effect of muraglitazar on adiponectin signalling, mitochondrial function and fat oxidation genes in human skeletal muscle in vivo.
Diabetic medicine : a journal of the British Diabetic Association.
2015 May; 32(5):657-64. doi:
10.1111/dme.12664. [PMID: 25484175] - Alexandra Rogue, Sébastien Anthérieu, Aurore Vluggens, Thierry Umbdenstock, Nancy Claude, Catherine de la Moureyre-Spire, Richard J Weaver, André Guillouzo. PPAR agonists reduce steatosis in oleic acid-overloaded HepaRG cells.
Toxicology and applied pharmacology.
2014 Apr; 276(1):73-81. doi:
10.1016/j.taap.2014.02.001. [PMID: 24534255] - Yoshihiro Shibata, Katsuji Kagechika, Mitsuhiro Yamaguchi, Hideo Kubo, Hiroyuki Usui. Design, synthesis and evaluation of novel zwitterionic compounds as PPARα/γ dual agonists (1).
Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters.
2012 Dec; 22(23):7075-9. doi:
10.1016/j.bmcl.2012.09.092. [PMID: 23084275] - J P H Wilding. PPAR agonists for the treatment of cardiovascular disease in patients with diabetes.
Diabetes, obesity & metabolism.
2012 Nov; 14(11):973-82. doi:
10.1111/j.1463-1326.2012.01601.x. [PMID: 22443197] - Renée Deehan, Pia Maerz-Weiss, Natalie L Catlett, Guido Steiner, Ben Wong, Matthew B Wright, Gil Blander, Keith O Elliston, William Ladd, Maria Bobadilla, Jacques Mizrahi, Carolina Haefliger, Alan Edgar. Comparative transcriptional network modeling of three PPAR-α/γ co-agonists reveals distinct metabolic gene signatures in primary human hepatocytes.
PloS one.
2012; 7(4):e35012. doi:
10.1371/journal.pone.0035012. [PMID: 22514701] - Nalinee Poolsup, Naeti Suksomboon, Wanwaree Setwiwattanakul. Efficacy of various antidiabetic agents as add-on treatments to metformin in type 2 diabetes mellitus: systematic review and meta-analysis.
ISRN endocrinology.
2012; 2012(?):798146. doi:
10.5402/2012/798146. [PMID: 22619731] - M Fernandez, A Gastaldelli, C Triplitt, J Hardies, A Casolaro, R Petz, P Tantiwong, N Musi, E Cersosimo, E Ferrannini, R A DeFronzo. Metabolic effects of muraglitazar in type 2 diabetic subjects.
Diabetes, obesity & metabolism.
2011 Oct; 13(10):893-902. doi:
10.1111/j.1463-1326.2011.01429.x. [PMID: 21615671] - Alexandra Rogue, Carine Lambert, Rozenn Jossé, Sebastien Antherieu, Catherine Spire, Nancy Claude, André Guillouzo. Comparative gene expression profiles induced by PPARγ and PPARα/γ agonists in human hepatocytes.
PloS one.
2011 Apr; 6(4):e18816. doi:
10.1371/journal.pone.0018816. [PMID: 21533120] - Hyun Woo Jeong, Joo-Won Lee, Woo Sik Kim, Sung Sik Choe, Kyung-Hee Kim, Ho Seon Park, Hyun Jung Shin, Gha Young Lee, Dongkyu Shin, Hanjae Lee, Jun Hee Lee, Eun Bok Choi, Hyeon Kyu Lee, Heekyoung Chung, Seung Bum Park, Kyong Soo Park, Hyo-Soo Kim, Seonggu Ro, Jae Bum Kim. A newly identified CG301269 improves lipid and glucose metabolism without body weight gain through activation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha and gamma.
Diabetes.
2011 Feb; 60(2):496-506. doi:
10.2337/db09-1145. [PMID: 21270261] - Barbara C Hansen, Xenia T Tigno, Agnes Bénardeau, Markus Meyer, Elena Sebokova, Jacques Mizrahi. Effects of aleglitazar, a balanced dual peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α/γ agonist on glycemic and lipid parameters in a primate model of the metabolic syndrome.
Cardiovascular diabetology.
2011 Jan; 10(?):7. doi:
10.1186/1475-2840-10-7. [PMID: 21251281] - Donglu Zhang, Nirmala Raghavan, Lifei Wang, Yongjun Xue, Mary Obermeier, Stephanie Chen, Shiwei Tao, Hao Zhang, Peter T Cheng, Wenying Li, Ragu Ramanathan, Zheng Yang, W Griffith Humphreys. Plasma stability-dependent circulation of acyl glucuronide metabolites in humans: how circulating metabolite profiles of muraglitazar and peliglitazar can lead to misleading risk assessment.
Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals.
2011 Jan; 39(1):123-31. doi:
10.1124/dmd.110.035048. [PMID: 20876787] - Salvatore Salomone. Pleiotropic effects of glitazones: a double edge sword?.
Frontiers in pharmacology.
2011; 2(?):14. doi:
10.3389/fphar.2011.00014. [PMID: 21687509] - Robert A Ettlin, Junji Kuroda, Stephanie Plassmann, Makoto Hayashi, David E Prentice. Successful drug development despite adverse preclinical findings part 2: examples.
Journal of toxicologic pathology.
2010 Dec; 23(4):213-34. doi:
10.1293/tox.23.213. [PMID: 22272032] - Shugo Suzuki, Lora L Arnold, Karen L Pennington, Satoko Kakiuchi-Kiyota, Min Wei, Hideki Wanibuchi, Samuel M Cohen. Effects of pioglitazone, a peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma agonist, on the urine and urothelium of the rat.
Toxicological sciences : an official journal of the Society of Toxicology.
2010 Feb; 113(2):349-57. doi:
10.1093/toxsci/kfp256. [PMID: 19858066] - Cindy J Rubin, Kalyanee Viraswami-Appanna, Fred T Fiedorek. Efficacy and safety of muraglitazar: a double-blind, 24-week, dose-ranging study in patients with type 2 diabetes.
Diabetes & vascular disease research.
2009 Jul; 6(3):205-15. doi:
10.1177/1479164109336048. [PMID: 20368213] - Cindy J Rubin, Veerle De Pril, Fred T Fiedorek. Coadministration of muraglitazar plus glyburide: improvement of glycaemic and lipid profiles in patients with type 2 diabetes.
Diabetes & vascular disease research.
2009 Apr; 6(2):120-32. doi:
10.1177/1479164109336049. [PMID: 20368202] - Eileen R Blasi, Jonathan Heyen, Michelle Hemkens, Aileen McHarg, Carolyn M Ecelbarger, Swasti Tiwari. Effects of chronic PPAR-agonist treatment on cardiac structure and function, blood pressure, and kidney in healthy sprague-dawley rats.
PPAR research.
2009; 2009(?):237865. doi:
10.1155/2009/237865. [PMID: 19536351] - Cindy J Rubin, Jean-Marie Ledeine, Fred T Fiedorek. Improvement of glycaemic and lipid profiles with muraglitazar plus metformin in patients with type 2 diabetes: an active-control trial with glimepiride.
Diabetes & vascular disease research.
2008 Sep; 5(3):168-76. doi:
10.3132/dvdr.2008.028. [PMID: 18777489] - Anna C Calkin, Merlin C Thomas. PPAR Agonists and Cardiovascular Disease in Diabetes.
PPAR research.
2008; 2008(?):245410. doi:
10.1155/2008/245410. [PMID: 18288280] - Eva Kiss-Tóth, Tamás Roszer. PPARgamma in Kidney Physiology and Pathophysiology.
PPAR research.
2008; 2008(?):183108. doi:
10.1155/2008/183108. [PMID: 19283081] - Martin B Oleksiewicz, Jennifer Southgate, Lars Iversen, Frederikke L Egerod. Rat Urinary Bladder Carcinogenesis by Dual-Acting PPARalpha + gamma Agonists.
PPAR research.
2008; 2008(?):103167. doi:
10.1155/2008/103167. [PMID: 19197366] - Min-Chul Cho, Kyoung Lee, Sang-Gi Paik, Do-Young Yoon. Peroxisome Proliferators-Activated Receptor (PPAR) Modulators and Metabolic Disorders.
PPAR research.
2008; 2008(?):679137. doi:
10.1155/2008/679137. [PMID: 18566691] - Y-J Xue, J Billy Akinsanya, Nirmala Raghavan, Donglu Zhang. Optimization to eliminate the interference of migration isomers for measuring 1-O-beta-acyl glucuronide without extensive chromatographic separation.
Rapid communications in mass spectrometry : RCM.
2008; 22(2):109-20. doi:
10.1002/rcm.3339. [PMID: 18059002] - Donglu Zhang, Peter T Cheng, Haiying Zhang. Mass defect filtering on high resolution LC/MS data as a methodology for detecting metabolites with unpredictable structures: identification of oxazole-ring opened metabolites of muraglitazar.
Drug metabolism letters.
2007 Dec; 1(4):287-92. doi:
10.2174/187231207783221466. [PMID: 19356057] - Crystal R Waites, Mark A Dominick, Thomas P Sanderson, Beth E Schilling. Nonclinical safety evaluation of muraglitazar, a novel PPARalpha/gamma agonist.
Toxicological sciences : an official journal of the Society of Toxicology.
2007 Nov; 100(1):248-58. doi:
10.1093/toxsci/kfm193. [PMID: 17675651] - William E Achanzar, Carolyn F Moyer, Laura T Marthaler, Russell Gullo, Shen-Jue Chen, Michele H French, Linda M Watson, James W Rhodes, John C Kozlosky, Melvin R White, William R Foster, James J Burgun, Bruce D Car, Gregory N Cosma, Mark A Dominick. Urine acidification has no effect on peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) signaling or epidermal growth factor (EGF) expression in rat urinary bladder urothelium.
Toxicology and applied pharmacology.
2007 Sep; 223(3):246-56. doi:
10.1016/j.taap.2007.06.015. [PMID: 17663016] - Sarah H Tannehill-Gregg, Thomas P Sanderson, Daniel Minnema, Richard Voelker, Borge Ulland, Samuel M Cohen, Lora L Arnold, Beth E Schilling, C Robbie Waites, Mark A Dominick. Rodent carcinogenicity profile of the antidiabetic dual PPAR alpha and gamma agonist muraglitazar.
Toxicological sciences : an official journal of the Society of Toxicology.
2007 Jul; 98(1):258-70. doi:
10.1093/toxsci/kfm083. [PMID: 17426106] - Alistair V W Nunn, Jimmy Bell, Philip Barter. The integration of lipid-sensing and anti-inflammatory effects: how the PPARs play a role in metabolic balance.
Nuclear receptor.
2007 May; 5(1):1. doi:
10.1186/1478-1336-5-1. [PMID: 17531095] - Effie Tozzo, Randolph Ponticiello, JoAnn Swartz, Dennis Farrelly, Rachel Zebo, Gustav Welzel, Donald Egan, Lori Kunselman, Andrew Peters, Liqun Gu, Michele French, Sean Chen, Pratik Devasthale, Evan Janovitz, Ada Staal, Thomas Harrity, Rene Belder, Peter T Cheng, Jean Whaley, Simeon Taylor, Narayanan Hariharan. The dual peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha/gamma activator muraglitazar prevents the natural progression of diabetes in db/db mice.
The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics.
2007 Apr; 321(1):107-15. doi:
10.1124/jpet.106.115337. [PMID: 17259449] - Terry R Van Vleet, M Randy White, Thomas P Sanderson, Samuel M Cohen, Martin Cano, Lora L Arnold, C Robbie Waites, Beth E Schilling, James Mitroka, Mark A Dominick. Subchronic urinary bladder effects of muraglitazar in male rats.
Toxicological sciences : an official journal of the Society of Toxicology.
2007 Mar; 96(1):58-71. doi:
10.1093/toxsci/kfl176. [PMID: 17132713] - S Mittra, G Sangle, R Tandon, S Sharma, S Roy, V Khanna, A Gupta, J Sattigeri, L Sharma, P Priyadarsiny, S K Khattar, R S Bora, K S Saini, V S Bansal. Increase in weight induced by muraglitazar, a dual PPARalpha/gamma agonist, in db/db mice: adipogenesis/or oedema?.
British journal of pharmacology.
2007 Feb; 150(4):480-7. doi:
10.1038/sj.bjp.0707000. [PMID: 17211457] - Ming Yao, Arun Swaminathan, Nuggehally Srinivas. Assessment of dose proportionality of muraglitazar after repeated oral dosing in rats via a sparse sampling methodology.
Biopharmaceutics & drug disposition.
2007 Jan; 28(1):35-42. doi:
10.1002/bdd.528. [PMID: 17117455] - Donglu Zhang, Lifei Wang, Nirmala Raghavan, Haiying Zhang, Wenying Li, Peter T Cheng, Ming Yao, Litao Zhang, Mingshe Zhu, Samuel Bonacorsi, Suresh Yeola, James Mitroka, Narayanan Hariharan, Vinayak Hosagrahara, Gamini Chandrasena, Wen Chyi Shyu, W Griffith Humphreys. Comparative metabolism of radiolabeled muraglitazar in animals and humans by quantitative and qualitative metabolite profiling.
Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals.
2007 Jan; 35(1):150-67. doi:
10.1124/dmd.106.012450. [PMID: 17062777] - Donglu Zhang, Lifei Wang, Gamini Chandrasena, Li Ma, Mingshe Zhu, Hongjian Zhang, Carl D Davis, W Griffith Humphreys. Involvement of multiple cytochrome P450 and UDP-glucuronosyltransferase enzymes in the in vitro metabolism of muraglitazar.
Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals.
2007 Jan; 35(1):139-49. doi:
10.1124/dmd.106.011932. [PMID: 17062778] - Catherine Fiévet, Jean-Charles Fruchart, Bart Staels. PPARalpha and PPARgamma dual agonists for the treatment of type 2 diabetes and the metabolic syndrome.
Current opinion in pharmacology.
2006 Dec; 6(6):606-14. doi:
10.1016/j.coph.2006.06.009. [PMID: 16973418] - V P Hosagrahara, G Chandrasena, S Y Chang, B Koplowitz, N Hariharan, P T W Cheng, W Griffith Humphreys. Pharmacokinetics of muraglitazar (BMS-298585), a dual peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPAR) alpha and gamma activator, in mice, rats, dogs, and monkeys.
Xenobiotica; the fate of foreign compounds in biological systems.
2006 Dec; 36(12):1227-38. doi:
10.1080/00498250600829378. [PMID: 17162469] - Ming Yao, Nuggehally Srinivas. Liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry for the quantitation of muraglitazar in monkey plasma.
Biomedical chromatography : BMC.
2006 Oct; 20(10):1017-23. doi:
10.1002/bmc.627. [PMID: 16506266] - Y-J Xue, Jane Liu, Steve Unger. A 96-well single-pot liquid-liquid extraction, hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry method for the determination of muraglitazar in human plasma.
Journal of pharmaceutical and biomedical analysis.
2006 Jun; 41(3):979-88. doi:
10.1016/j.jpba.2006.02.006. [PMID: 16533587] - David M Kendall, Cindy J Rubin, Pharis Mohideen, Jean-Marie Ledeine, Rene Belder, Jorge Gross, Paul Norwood, Michael O'Mahony, Kenneth Sall, Greg Sloan, Anthony Roberts, Fred T Fiedorek, Ralph A DeFronzo. Improvement of glycemic control, triglycerides, and HDL cholesterol levels with muraglitazar, a dual (alpha/gamma) peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor activator, in patients with type 2 diabetes inadequately controlled with metformin monotherapy: A double-blind, randomized, pioglitazone-comparative study.
Diabetes care.
2006 May; 29(5):1016-23. doi:
10.2337/diacare.2951016. [PMID: 16644631] - Wenying Li, Donglu Zhang, Lifei Wang, Hao Zhang, Peter T Cheng, Duxi Zhang, Donald W Everett, W Griffith Humphreys. Biotransformation of carbon-14-labeled muraglitazar in male mice: interspecies difference in metabolic pathways leading to unique metabolites.
Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals.
2006 May; 34(5):807-20. doi:
10.1124/dmd.105.007856. [PMID: 16467134] - Harold Lebovitz. Diabetes: assessing the pipeline.
Atherosclerosis. Supplements.
2006 Apr; 7(1):43-9. doi:
10.1016/j.atherosclerosissup.2006.01.007. [PMID: 16504599] - Lifei Wang, Donglu Zhang, Arun Swaminathan, Yongjun Xue, Peter T Cheng, Shung Wu, Rogelio Mosqueda-Garcia, Catherine Aurang, Donald W Everett, W Griffith Humphreys. Glucuronidation as a major metabolic clearance pathway of 14c-labeled muraglitazar in humans: metabolic profiles in subjects with or without bile collection.
Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals.
2006 Mar; 34(3):427-39. doi:
10.1124/dmd.105.007617. [PMID: 16381667] - Y-J Xue, Jane Liu, Janice Pursley, Steve Unger. A 96-well single-pot protein precipitation, liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry (LC/MS/MS) method for the determination of muraglitazar, a novel diabetes drug, in human plasma.
Journal of chromatography. B, Analytical technologies in the biomedical and life sciences.
2006 Feb; 831(1-2):213-22. doi:
10.1016/j.jchromb.2005.12.023. [PMID: 16388995] - Donglu Zhang, Haiying Zhang, Nelly Aranibar, Ronald Hanson, Yande Huang, Peter T Cheng, Shung Wu, Samuel Bonacorsi, Mingshe Zhu, Arun Swaminathan, W Griffith Humphreys. Structural elucidation of human oxidative metabolites of muraglitazar: use of microbial bioreactors in the biosynthesis of metabolite standards.
Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals.
2006 Feb; 34(2):267-80. doi:
10.1124/dmd.105.007153. [PMID: 16280454] - Thomas Harrity, Dennis Farrelly, Aaron Tieman, Cuixia Chu, Lori Kunselman, Liqun Gu, Randolph Ponticiello, Michael Cap, Fucheng Qu, Chunning Shao, Wei Wang, Hao Zhang, William Fenderson, Sean Chen, Pratik Devasthale, Yoon Jeon, Ramakrishna Seethala, Wen-Pin Yang, Jimmy Ren, Min Zhou, Denis Ryono, Scott Biller, Kasim A Mookhtiar, John Wetterau, Richard Gregg, Peter T Cheng, Narayanan Hariharan. Muraglitazar, a novel dual (alpha/gamma) peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor activator, improves diabetes and other metabolic abnormalities and preserves beta-cell function in db/db mice.
Diabetes.
2006 Jan; 55(1):240-8. doi:
10.2337/diabetes.55.01.06.db05-0648. [PMID: 16380499] - Mark A Dominick, Melvin R White, Thomas P Sanderson, Terry Van Vleet, Samuel M Cohen, Lora E Arnold, Marty Cano, Sarah Tannehill-Gregg, Jeffrey D Moehlenkamp, Crystal R Waites, Beth E Schilling. Urothelial carcinogenesis in the urinary bladder of male rats treated with muraglitazar, a PPAR alpha/gamma agonist: Evidence for urolithiasis as the inciting event in the mode of action.
Toxicologic pathology.
2006; 34(7):903-20. doi:
10.1080/01926230601072327. [PMID: 17178691] - Alexander Tenenbaum, Michael Motro, Enrique Z Fisman. Dual and pan-peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPAR) co-agonism: the bezafibrate lessons.
Cardiovascular diabetology.
2005 Sep; 4(?):14. doi:
10.1186/1475-2840-4-14. [PMID: 16168052] - John B Buse, Cindy J Rubin, Robert Frederich, Kalyanee Viraswami-Appanna, Kwo-Chuan Lin, Rafael Montoro, Gerald Shockey, Jaime A Davidson. Muraglitazar, a dual (alpha/gamma) PPAR activator: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, 24-week monotherapy trial in adult patients with type 2 diabetes.
Clinical therapeutics.
2005 Aug; 27(8):1181-95. doi:
10.1016/j.clinthera.2005.08.005. [PMID: 16199244] - Pratik V Devasthale, Sean Chen, Yoon Jeon, Fucheng Qu, Chunning Shao, Wei Wang, Hao Zhang, Michael Cap, Dennis Farrelly, Rajasree Golla, Gary Grover, Thomas Harrity, Zhengping Ma, Lisa Moore, Jimmy Ren, Ramakrishna Seethala, Lin Cheng, Paul Sleph, Wei Sun, Aaron Tieman, John R Wetterau, Arthur Doweyko, Gamini Chandrasena, Shu Y Chang, W Griffith Humphreys, Vito G Sasseville, Scott A Biller, Denis E Ryono, Fred Selan, Narayanan Hariharan, Peter T W Cheng. Design and synthesis of N-[(4-methoxyphenoxy)carbonyl]-N-[[4-[2-(5- methyl-2-phenyl-4-oxazolyl)ethoxy]phenyl]methyl]glycine [Muraglitazar/BMS-298585], a novel peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha/gamma dual agonist with efficacious glucose and lipid-lowering activities.
Journal of medicinal chemistry.
2005 Mar; 48(6):2248-50. doi:
10.1021/jm0496436. [PMID: 15771468]