Aliskiren (BioDeep_00000018108)
human metabolite blood metabolite Chemicals and Drugs
代谢物信息卡片
化学式: C30H53N3O6 (551.3934)
中文名称: 阿利吉仑
谱图信息:
最多检出来源 () 0%
分子结构信息
SMILES: CC(C)C(CC1=CC(=C(C=C1)OC)OCCCOC)CC(C(CC(C(C)C)C(=O)NCC(C)(C)C(=O)N)O)N
InChI: InChI=1S/C30H53N3O6/c1-19(2)22(14-21-10-11-26(38-8)27(15-21)39-13-9-12-37-7)16-24(31)25(34)17-23(20(3)4)28(35)33-18-30(5,6)29(32)36/h10-11,15,19-20,22-25,34H,9,12-14,16-18,31H2,1-8H3,(H2,32,36)(H,33,35)/t22-,23-,24-,25-/m0/s1
描述信息
Aliskiren is only found in individuals that have used or taken this drug. It is a renin inhibitor. It was approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration in 2007 for the treatment of hypertension.Renin is secreted by the kidney in response to decreases in blood volume and renal perfusion. Renin cleaves angiotensinogen to form the inactive decapeptide angiotensin I (Ang I). Ang I is converted to the active octapeptide angiotensin II (Ang II) by angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) and non-ACE pathways. Ang II is a powerful vasoconstrictor and leads to the release of catecholamines from the adrenal medulla and prejunctional nerve endings. It also promotes aldosterone secretion and sodium reabsorption. Together, these effects increase blood pressure. Ang II also inhibits renin release, thus providing a negative feedback to the system. This cycle, from renin through angiotensin to aldosterone and its associated negative feedback loop, is known as the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS). Aliskiren is a direct renin inhibitor, decreasing plasma renin activity (PRA) and inhibiting the conversion of angiotensinogen to Ang I. Whether aliskiren affects other RAAS components, e.g., ACE or non-ACE pathways, is not known. All agents that inhibit the RAAS, including renin inhibitors, suppress the negative feedback loop, leading to a compensatory rise in plasma renin concentration. When this rise occurs during treatment with ACE inhibitors and ARBs, the result is increased levels of PRA. During treatment with aliskiren, however, the effect of increased renin levels is blocked, so that PRA, Ang I and Ang II are all reduced, whether aliskiren is used as monotherapy or in combination with other antihypertensive agents. PRA reductions in clinical trials ranged from approximately 50\\%-80\\%, were not dose-related and did not correlate with blood pressure reductions. The clinical implications of the differences in effect on PRA are not known.
C - Cardiovascular system > C09 - Agents acting on the renin-angiotensin system > C09X - Other agents acting on the renin-angiotensin system > C09XA - Renin-inhibitors
C78274 - Agent Affecting Cardiovascular System > C270 - Antihypertensive Agent
COVID info from WikiPathways
Corona-virus
Coronavirus
SARS-CoV-2
COVID-19
SARS-CoV
COVID19
SARS2
SARS
同义名列表
7 个代谢物同义名
(2S,4S,5S,7S)-5-amino-N-(2-carbamoyl-2,2-dimethylethyl)-4-hydroxy-7-{[4-methoxy-3-(3-methoxypropoxy)phenyl]methyl}-8-methyl-2-(propan-2-yl)nonanamide; 2(S),4(S),5(S),7(S)-N-(2-Carbamoyl-2-methylpropyl)-5-amino-4-hydroxy-2,7-diisopropyl-8-(4-methoxy-3-(3-methoxypropoxy)phenyl)octanamid hemifumarate; Aliskiren-[d3]; Aliskiren; Tekturna; SPP 100; Rasilez
数据库引用编号
12 个数据库交叉引用编号
- ChEBI: CHEBI:601027
- PubChem: 21902176
- PubChem: 5493444
- HMDB: HMDB0015387
- DrugBank: DB09026
- ChEMBL: CHEMBL1639
- Wikipedia: Aliskiren
- chemspider: 4591452
- CAS: 1327153-71-8
- CAS: 173334-57-1
- PMhub: MS000002500
- RefMet: Aliskiren
分类词条
相关代谢途径
Reactome(0)
BioCyc(0)
PlantCyc(0)
代谢反应
0 个相关的代谢反应过程信息。
Reactome(0)
BioCyc(0)
WikiPathways(0)
Plant Reactome(0)
INOH(0)
PlantCyc(0)
COVID-19 Disease Map(0)
PathBank(0)
PharmGKB(0)
1 个相关的物种来源信息
在这里通过桑基图来展示出与当前的这个代谢物在我们的BioDeep知识库中具有相关联信息的其他代谢物。在这里进行关联的信息来源主要有:
- PubMed: 来源于PubMed文献库中的文献信息,我们通过自然语言数据挖掘得到的在同一篇文献中被同时提及的相关代谢物列表,这个列表按照代谢物同时出现的文献数量降序排序,取前10个代谢物作为相关研究中关联性很高的代谢物集合展示在桑基图中。
- NCBI Taxonomy: 通过文献数据挖掘,得到的代谢物物种来源信息关联。这个关联信息同样按照出现的次数降序排序,取前10个代谢物作为高关联度的代谢物集合展示在桑吉图上。
- Chemical Taxonomy: 在物质分类上处于同一个分类集合中的其他代谢物
- Chemical Reaction: 在化学反应过程中,存在为当前代谢物相关联的生化反应过程中的反应底物或者反应产物的关联代谢物信息。
点击图上的相关代谢物的名称,可以跳转到相关代谢物的信息页面。
亚细胞结构定位 | 关联基因列表 |
---|
文献列表
- Gha-Hyun J Kim, Adam Melgoza, Fei Jiang, Su Guo. The effect of renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system inhibitors on organ-specific ace2 expression in zebrafish and its implications for COVID-19.
Scientific reports.
2021 12; 11(1):23670. doi:
10.1038/s41598-021-03244-5
. [PMID: 34880395] - Shouq Alkhudhayri, Rania Sajini, Bashayer Alharbi, Jumana Qabbani, Yosra Al-Hindi, Arwa Fairaq, Amal Yousef. Investigating the beneficial effect of aliskiren in attenuating neuropathic pain in diabetic Sprague-Dawley rats.
Endocrinology, diabetes & metabolism.
2021 04; 4(2):e00209. doi:
10.1002/edm2.209
. [PMID: 33855212] - Alokkumar S Pathak, Mauricio Rojas, George A Stouffer. Expression of Cyr61 in ApoE-/- mice with chronic unilateral renal artery ligation.
Scientific reports.
2021 02; 11(1):3606. doi:
10.1038/s41598-021-81646-1
. [PMID: 33574403] - Mohamed Essam, Nashwa Barakat, Ahmed Elkashef, Amira Awadalla, A E Behery, Mahmoud Abdel-Maboud. Functional and molecular evaluation of using aliskiren during acute and chronic partial ureteral obstruction in rat solitary kidney.
Life sciences.
2021 Jan; 265(?):118811. doi:
10.1016/j.lfs.2020.118811
. [PMID: 33259867] - Krzysztof Łukawski, Grzegorz Raszewski, Stanisław J Czuczwar. Effect of aliskiren on the anticonvulsant activity of antiepileptic drugs against 6 Hz-induced psychomotor seizures in mice.
Epilepsy research.
2020 11; 167(?):106435. doi:
10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2020.106435
. [PMID: 32784064] - Gan Mi Wang, Liang Jin Li, Wen Lu Tang, James M Wright. Renin inhibitors versus angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors for primary hypertension.
The Cochrane database of systematic reviews.
2020 10; 10(?):CD012569. doi:
10.1002/14651858.cd012569.pub2
. [PMID: 33089502] - Marcus V B Malachias, Pardeep S Jhund, Brian L Claggett, Magnus O Wijkman, Rhonda Bentley-Lewis, Nishi Chaturvedi, Akshay S Desai, Steven M Haffner, Hans-Henrik Parving, Margaret F Prescott, Scott D Solomon, Dick De Zeeuw, John J V McMurray, Marc A Pfeffer. NT-proBNP by Itself Predicts Death and Cardiovascular Events in High-Risk Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.
Journal of the American Heart Association.
2020 10; 9(19):e017462. doi:
10.1161/jaha.120.017462
. [PMID: 32964800] - Atsushi Hashimoto, Yoshimichi Takeda, Shigehiro Karashima, Mitsuhiro Kometani, Daisuke Aono, Masashi Demura, Takuya Higashitani, Seigo Konishi, Takashi Yoneda, Yoshiyu Takeda. Impact of mineralocorticoid receptor blockade with direct renin inhibition in angiotensin II-dependent hypertensive mice.
Hypertension research : official journal of the Japanese Society of Hypertension.
2020 10; 43(10):1099-1104. doi:
10.1038/s41440-020-0458-5
. [PMID: 32398797] - Selçuk Şen, Ali Yağız Üresin. COVID-19 and RAAS blockers: Could Aliskiren be an appropriate option?.
Turk Kardiyoloji Dernegi arsivi : Turk Kardiyoloji Derneginin yayin organidir.
2020 10; 48(7):631-634. doi:
10.5543/tkda.2020.64072
. [PMID: 33034579] - Mohammad AlQudah, Taben M Hale, Michael P Czubryt. Targeting the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system in fibrosis.
Matrix biology : journal of the International Society for Matrix Biology.
2020 09; 91-92(?):92-108. doi:
10.1016/j.matbio.2020.04.005
. [PMID: 32422329] - Keisuke Okamura, Yosuke Takamiya, Ken Mori, Kazuyuki Shirai, Hidenori Urata. Add-on aliskiren treatment can decrease blood pressure but requires attention to risks of renal impairment and hyperkalemia Chikushi Anti-Hypertension Trial-Rasilez® (CHAT-Ras).
Clinical and experimental hypertension (New York, N.Y. : 1993).
2020 Aug; 42(6):545-552. doi:
10.1080/10641963.2020.1723618
. [PMID: 32037898] - Y Guo, J Zeng, Q Li, P Li, F M Luo, W Z Zhang, Y X Lu, Q Wang, W Zhang, Z P Zeng, L S Liu. [Preliminary clinical analysis of direct renin inhibitor aliskiren in the treatment of severe coronavirus disease 2019 patients with hypertension].
Zhonghua nei ke za zhi.
2020 Aug; 59(8):610-617. doi:
10.3760/cma.j.cn112138-20200328-00310
. [PMID: 32340096] - Beattie Rh Sturrock, Kate M Milne, Timothy Jt Chevassut. The renin-angiotensin system - a therapeutic target in COVID-19?.
Clinical medicine (London, England).
2020 07; 20(4):e72-e75. doi:
10.7861/clinmed.2020-0146
. [PMID: 32414711] - Priscila G Pereira, Kíssila Rabelo, Jemima F R da Silva, Bianca T Ciambarella, Juliana G C Argento, Ana L R Nascimento, Aline B Vieira, Jorge J de Carvalho. Aliskiren improves renal morphophysiology and inflammation in Wistar rats with 2K1C renovascular hypertension.
Histology and histopathology.
2020 Jun; 35(6):609-621. doi:
10.14670/hh-18-173
. [PMID: 31625581] - Yuan Sun, Alexandre Goes Martini, Manoe J Janssen, Ingrid M Garrelds, Rosalinde Masereeuw, Xifeng Lu, A H Jan Danser. Megalin: A Novel Endocytic Receptor for Prorenin and Renin.
Hypertension (Dallas, Tex. : 1979).
2020 05; 75(5):1242-1250. doi:
10.1161/hypertensionaha.120.14845
. [PMID: 32200675] - Tavga Ahmed Aziz, Ahmed Azad Kareem, Hemn Hassan Othman, Zheen Aorahman Ahmed. The Anti-Inflammatory Effect of Different Doses of Aliskiren in Rat Models of Inflammation.
Drug design, development and therapy.
2020; 14(?):2841-2851. doi:
10.2147/dddt.s255607
. [PMID: 32764883] - Ewout J Hoorn, Anela Blazevic, Jorie Versmissen, Noortje M Rabelink. The Case A 59-year-old woman with pressing thirst.
Kidney international.
2019 11; 96(5):1245-1246. doi:
10.1016/j.kint.2019.03.027
. [PMID: 31648704] - Ryan D Sullivan, Radhika M Mehta, Ranjana Tripathi, Inna P Gladysheva, Guy L Reed. Normalizing Plasma Renin Activity in Experimental Dilated Cardiomyopathy: Effects on Edema, Cachexia, and Survival.
International journal of molecular sciences.
2019 Aug; 20(16):. doi:
10.3390/ijms20163886
. [PMID: 31404946] - Y Luo, Q Chen. Efficacy of aliskiren supplementation for heart failure : A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.
Herz.
2019 Aug; 44(5):398-404. doi:
10.1007/s00059-018-4679-1
. [PMID: 29470612] - Kawa Dizaye, Rojgar H Ali. Effects of neprilysin-renin inhibition in comparison with neprilysin-angiotensin inhibition on the neurohumoral changes in rats with heart failure.
BMC pharmacology & toxicology.
2019 05; 20(1):23. doi:
10.1186/s40360-019-0304-z
. [PMID: 31053170] - Sheena Pramod, Bisher O Mustafa, Zeid J Khitan. Can Aliskiren 'COMPLEMENT' our management of kidney disease?.
Journal of clinical hypertension (Greenwich, Conn.).
2019 05; 21(5):687-688. doi:
10.1111/jch.13524
. [PMID: 30912232] - Alexander Renziehausen, Hexiao Wang, Bhavya Rao, Lynda Weir, Cristiana Lo Nigro, Laura Lattanzio, Marco Merlano, Antonio Vega-Rioja, Maria Del Carmen Fernandez-Carranco, Nabil Hajji, Rubeta Matin, Catherine Harwood, Su Li, Van Ren Sim, Kevin O'Neill, Alan Evans, Alastair Thompson, Peter Szlosarek, Colin Fleming, Justin Stebbing, Charlotte Proby, Andreas G Tzakos, Nelofer Syed, Tim Crook. The renin angiotensin system (RAS) mediates bifunctional growth regulation in melanoma and is a novel target for therapeutic intervention.
Oncogene.
2019 03; 38(13):2320-2336. doi:
10.1038/s41388-018-0563-y
. [PMID: 30478450] - Yu Fu, Jiajun Zhu, Yalin Zhang, Zuwang Liu, Han Su, Juan Kong. Vitamin D Regulates the Expressions of AQP-1 and AQP-4 in Mice Kidneys.
BioMed research international.
2019; 2019(?):3027036. doi:
10.1155/2019/3027036
. [PMID: 30809535] - Yasin Bayir, Harun Un, Elif Cadirci, Erol Akpinar, Busra Diyarbakir, Ilknur Calik, Zekai Halici. Effects of Aliskiren, an RAAS inhibitor, on a carrageenan-induced pleurisy model of rats.
Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciencias.
2019; 91(1):e20180106. doi:
10.1590/0001-3765201820180106
. [PMID: 30569967] - Nienke M A Idzerda, Frederik Persson, Michelle J Pena, Barry M Brenner, Patrick Brunel, Nish Chaturvedi, John J McMurray, Hans-Henrik Parving, Dick de Zeeuw, Hiddo J L Heerspink. N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) predicts the cardio-renal response to aliskiren in patients with type 2 diabetes at high renal and cardiovascular risk.
Diabetes, obesity & metabolism.
2018 12; 20(12):2899-2904. doi:
10.1111/dom.13465
. [PMID: 29987919] - Wenfei Ding, Xue Li, Weihua Wu, Hongyan He, Ying Li, Lichao Gao, Linwang Gan, Mengping Wang, Santao Ou, Jian Liu. [Aliskiren inhibits angiotensin II/angiotensin 1-7(Ang II/Ang1-7) signal pathway in rats with diabetic nephropathy].
Xi bao yu fen zi mian yi xue za zhi = Chinese journal of cellular and molecular immunology.
2018 Oct; 34(10):891-895. doi:
. [PMID: 30554582]
- Daisuke Nakano, Akira Nishiyama. A novel role of renin inhibitor in the complement cascade.
Kidney international.
2018 10; 94(4):650-652. doi:
10.1016/j.kint.2018.05.025
. [PMID: 30243307] - Zivile D Békássy, Ann-Charlotte Kristoffersson, Johan Rebetz, Ramesh Tati, Anders I Olin, Diana Karpman. Aliskiren inhibits renin-mediated complement activation.
Kidney international.
2018 10; 94(4):689-700. doi:
10.1016/j.kint.2018.04.004
. [PMID: 29884545] - Haruka Nakamori, Shin-Ichiro Yoshida, Hiroaki Ishiguro, Shota Suzuki, Hiroaki Yasuzaki, Tatsuo Hashimoto, Tomoaki Ishigami, Nobuhito Hirawa, Yoshiyuki Toya, Satoshi Umemura, Kouichi Tamura. Arterial wall hypertrophy is ameliorated by α2-adrenergic receptor antagonist or aliskiren in kidneys of angiotensinogen-knockout mice.
Clinical and experimental nephrology.
2018 Aug; 22(4):773-781. doi:
10.1007/s10157-017-1520-8
. [PMID: 29230587] - Miaojuan Qiu, Suchun Li, Lizi Jin, Pinning Feng, Yonglun Kong, Xiaoduo Zhao, Yu Lin, Yunyun Xu, Chunling Li, Weidong Wang. Combination of Chymostatin and Aliskiren attenuates ER stress induced by lipid overload in kidney tubular cells.
Lipids in health and disease.
2018 Jul; 17(1):183. doi:
10.1186/s12944-018-0818-1
. [PMID: 30064425] - Hidekazu Tokuhara, Yasuhiro Imaeda, Yoshiyuki Fukase, Koichi Iwanaga, Naohiro Taya, Koji Watanabe, Ray Kanagawa, Keisuke Matsuda, Yumiko Kajimoto, Keiji Kusumoto, Mitsuyo Kondo, Gyorgy Snell, Craig A Behnke, Takanobu Kuroita. Discovery of benzimidazole derivatives as orally active renin inhibitors: Optimization of 3,5-disubstituted piperidine to improve pharmacokinetic profile.
Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry.
2018 07; 26(12):3261-3286. doi:
10.1016/j.bmc.2018.04.051
. [PMID: 29754833] - I Bin-Jaliah, A M Hussein, H F Sakr, E A Eid. Effects of low dose of aliskiren on isoproterenol-induced acute myocardial infarction in rats.
Physiology international.
2018 Jun; 105(2):127-144. doi:
10.1556/2060.105.2018.2.11
. [PMID: 29975120] - Kanako Bokuda, Satoshi Morimoto, Yasufumi Seki, Midori Yatabe, Daisuke Watanabe, Junichi Yatabe, Takashi Ando, Satoru Shimizu, Hiroshi Itoh, Atsuhiro Ichihara. Greater reductions in plasma aldosterone with aliskiren in hypertensive patients with higher soluble (Pro)renin receptor level.
Hypertension research : official journal of the Japanese Society of Hypertension.
2018 Jun; 41(6):435-443. doi:
10.1038/s41440-018-0037-1
. [PMID: 29618841] - Muthiah Vaduganathan, Baljash Cheema, Erin Cleveland, Kamya Sankar, Haris Subacius, Gregg C Fonarow, Scott D Solomon, Eldrin F Lewis, Stephen J Greene, Aldo P Maggioni, Michael Böhm, Faiez Zannad, Javed Butler, Mihai Gheorghiade. Plasma renin activity, response to aliskiren, and clinical outcomes in patients hospitalized for heart failure: the ASTRONAUT trial.
European journal of heart failure.
2018 04; 20(4):677-686. doi:
10.1002/ejhf.973
. [PMID: 29143416] - Jelena P Seferovic, Marc A Pfeffer, Brian Claggett, Akshay S Desai, Dick de Zeeuw, Steven M Haffner, John J V McMurray, Hans-Henrik Parving, Scott D Solomon, Nish Chaturvedi. Three-question set from Michigan Neuropathy Screening Instrument adds independent prognostic information on cardiovascular outcomes: analysis of ALTITUDE trial.
Diabetologia.
2018 03; 61(3):581-588. doi:
10.1007/s00125-017-4485-y
. [PMID: 29098323] - Alisson Martins-Oliveira, Danielle A Guimaraes, Carla S Ceron, Elen Rizzi, Diogo M M Oliveira, Carlos R Tirapelli, Dulce E Casarini, Fernanda B Fernandes, Lucas C Pinheiro, Jose E Tanus-Santos. Direct renin inhibition is not enough to prevent reactive oxygen species generation and vascular dysfunction in renovascular hypertension.
European journal of pharmacology.
2018 Feb; 821(?):97-104. doi:
10.1016/j.ejphar.2018.01.004
. [PMID: 29331564] - Wayne R Fitzgibbon, Yujing Dang, Marlene A Bunni, Catalin F Baicu, Michael R Zile, Adam E Mullick, Takamitsu Saigusa. Attenuation of accelerated renal cystogenesis in Pkd1 mice by renin-angiotensin system blockade.
American journal of physiology. Renal physiology.
2018 02; 314(2):F210-F218. doi:
10.1152/ajprenal.00389.2017
. [PMID: 29021226] - Nikolaos Louvis, James Coulson. Renoprotection by Direct Renin Inhibition: A Systematic Review and Meta- Analysis.
Current vascular pharmacology.
2018 01; 16(2):157-167. doi:
10.2174/1570161115666170502104809
. [PMID: 28464775] - Tomoya Hara, Satoshi Nishimura, Toshihiro Yamamoto, Yumiko Kajimoto, Keiji Kusumoto, Ray Kanagawa, Shota Ikeda, Tomoyuki Nishimoto. TAK-272 (imarikiren), a novel renin inhibitor, improves cardiac remodeling and mortality in a murine heart failure model.
PloS one.
2018; 13(8):e0202176. doi:
10.1371/journal.pone.0202176
. [PMID: 30092100] - Hala Salah Abdel Kawy. Aliskiren and valsartan in combination is a promising therapy for hypertensive renal injury in rats.
Clinical and experimental hypertension (New York, N.Y. : 1993).
2018; 40(6):560-568. doi:
10.1080/10641963.2017.1407333
. [PMID: 29172824] - Franz Maximilian Rasche, Claudia Joel, Thomas Ebert, Thomas Frese, Filip Barinka, Volker Busch, Wilma Gertrud Rasche, Tom H Lindner, Jochen Schneider, Stephan Schiekofer. Dual RAAS Blockade with Aliskiren in Patients with Severely Impaired Chronic Kidney Disease.
Experimental and clinical endocrinology & diabetes : official journal, German Society of Endocrinology [and] German Diabetes Association.
2018 01; 126(1):39-52. doi:
10.1055/s-0043-106440
. [PMID: 28449154] - Michael Dörks, Stefan Herget-Rosenthal, Falk Hoffmann, Kathrin Jobski. Combined use of drugs inhibiting the renin-angiotensin system: prescribing patterns and risk of acute kidney injury in German nursing home residents.
Clinical interventions in aging.
2018; 13(?):1035-1042. doi:
10.2147/cia.s159715
. [PMID: 29872281] - Yu Lin, Tiezheng Zhang, Pinning Feng, Miaojuan Qiu, Qiaojuan Liu, Suchun Li, Peili Zheng, Yonglun Kong, Moshe Levi, Chunling Li, Weidong Wang. Aliskiren increases aquaporin-2 expression and attenuates lithium-induced nephrogenic diabetes insipidus.
American journal of physiology. Renal physiology.
2017 Oct; 313(4):F914-F925. doi:
10.1152/ajprenal.00553.2016
. [PMID: 28228402] - Sean L Zheng, Alistair J Roddick, Salma Ayis. Effects of aliskiren on mortality, cardiovascular outcomes and adverse events in patients with diabetes and cardiovascular disease or risk: A systematic review and meta-analysis of 13,395 patients.
Diabetes & vascular disease research.
2017 09; 14(5):400-406. doi:
10.1177/1479164117715854
. [PMID: 28844155] - Saad Abdulrahman Hussain, Rabab Mohammed Utba, Ajwad Muhammad Assumaidaee. Effects of Azilsartan, Aliskiren or their Combination on High Fat Diet-induced Non-alcoholic Liver Disease Model in Rats.
Medical archives (Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina).
2017 Aug; 71(4):251-255. doi:
10.5455/medarh.2017.71.251-255
. [PMID: 28974844] - Stefan Engeli, Marcus May, Juerg Nussberger, A H Jan Danser, William P Dole, Margaret F Prescott, Marion Dahlke, Sylvie Stitah, Parasar Pal, Michael Boschmann, Jens Jordan. Systemic and tissue-specific effects of aliskiren on the RAAS and carbohydrate/lipid metabolism in obese patients with hypertension.
Journal of the American Society of Hypertension : JASH.
2017 Aug; 11(8):488-497. doi:
10.1016/j.jash.2017.06.002
. [PMID: 28666704] - Bibi S van Thiel, Alexandre Góes Martini, Luuk Te Riet, David Severs, Estrellita Uijl, Ingrid M Garrelds, Frank P J Leijten, Ingrid van der Pluijm, Jeroen Essers, Fatimunnisa Qadri, Natalia Alenina, Michael Bader, Ludovit Paulis, Romana Rajkovicova, Oliver Domenig, Marko Poglitsch, A H Jan Danser. Brain Renin-Angiotensin System: Does It Exist?.
Hypertension (Dallas, Tex. : 1979).
2017 06; 69(6):1136-1144. doi:
10.1161/hypertensionaha.116.08922
. [PMID: 28396529] - Qing Zhong, Feng Sun, Weiguang Wang, Wenqing Xiao, Xiaoni Zhao, Kangding Gu. Water metabolism dysfunction via renin-angiotensin system activation caused by liver damage in mice treated with microcystin-RR.
Toxicology letters.
2017 May; 273(?):86-96. doi:
10.1016/j.toxlet.2017.03.019
. [PMID: 28330766] - Nilo César do Vale Baracho, Kátia Daniela da Silveira, Natália Pessoa Rocha, Thiago Macedo Cordeiro, Victor Feracin, Regina Maria Pereira, Marconi Augusto Aguiar Dos Reis, Mauro Martins Teixeira, Ana Cristina Simões E Silva. Urinary cytokine profiles according to the site of blockade of the renin-angiotensin system in nephrectomized rats.
Jornal brasileiro de nefrologia : 'orgao oficial de Sociedades Brasileira e Latino-Americana de Nefrologia.
2017 Apr; 39(2):108-118. doi:
10.5935/0101-2800.20170028
. [PMID: 29069238] - Dorota Marszalek, Anna Goldnik, Iwona Winiecka, Pawel Jaworsk, Mazurek Aleksander P. NEW RENIN INHIBITORS - STABILITY AND ACTIVITY DETERMINATION. PART IV.
Acta poloniae pharmaceutica.
2017 Mar; 74(2):393-399. doi:
NULL
. [PMID: 29624244] - Yu Chen, Guoliang Meng, Wenli Bai, Yan Ma, Liping Xie, Naila Altaf, Yanning Qian, Yi Han, Yong Ji. Aliskiren protects against myocardial ischaemia-reperfusion injury via an endothelial nitric oxide synthase dependent manner.
Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology.
2017 02; 44(2):266-274. doi:
10.1111/1440-1681.12692
. [PMID: 27809355] - A J Kwakernaak, L C Roksnoer, H J Lambers Heerspink, I van den Berg-Garrelds, G A Lochorn, J H van Embden Andres, M A Klijn, H Kobori, A H J Danser, G D Laverman, G J Navis. Effects of Direct Renin Blockade on Renal & Systemic Hemodynamics and on RAAS Activity, in Weight Excess and Hypertension: A Randomized Clinical Trial.
PloS one.
2017; 12(1):e0169258. doi:
10.1371/journal.pone.0169258
. [PMID: 28118402] - Leszek Tylicki, Alicja M Debska-Slizien, Slawomir Lizakowski, Milena Przybylska, Zbigniew Heleniak, Marcin Renke, Andrzej L Chamienia, Bogdan Biedunkiewicz, Przemyslaw Rutkowski, Sylwia Małgorzewicz, Boleslaw Rutkowski. Aliskiren reduces albuminuria after kidney transplantation.
Acta biochimica Polonica.
2017; 64(2):221-226. doi:
10.18388/abp.2016_1297
. [PMID: 28455996] - Sungjin Chung, Soojeong Kim, Minyoung Kim, Eun Sil Koh, Seok Joon Shin, Cheol Whee Park, Yoon Sik Chang, Ho-Shik Kim. Treatment combining aliskiren with paricalcitol is effective against progressive renal tubulointerstitial fibrosis via dual blockade of intrarenal renin.
PloS one.
2017; 12(7):e0181757. doi:
10.1371/journal.pone.0181757
. [PMID: 28753620] - Abigail L Coughtrie, Claire Doe, Deborah Layton, Saad A W Shakir. Utilisation and Tolerability of Aliskiren in the Primary Care Setting in England.
Journal of clinical hypertension (Greenwich, Conn.).
2016 12; 18(12):1237-1243. doi:
10.1111/jch.12852
. [PMID: 27255757] - Amal M Mahfoz, Hekma A Abd El-Latif, Lamiaa A Ahmed, Nahed M Hassanein, Afaf A Shoka. Anti-diabetic and renoprotective effects of aliskiren in streptozotocin-induced diabetic nephropathy in female rats.
Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology.
2016 Dec; 389(12):1315-1324. doi:
10.1007/s00210-016-1299-2
. [PMID: 27612855] - Eylem Taskin, Kadir Ali Tuncer, Celal Guven, Salih Tunc Kaya, Nurcan Dursun. Inhibition of Angiotensin-II Production Increases Susceptibility to Acute Ischemia/Reperfusion Arrhythmia.
Medical science monitor : international medical journal of experimental and clinical research.
2016 Nov; 22(?):4587-4595. doi:
10.12659/msm.896350
. [PMID: 27889788] - Frederik Persson, Simone Theilade, Jesper Eugen-Olsen, Peter Rossing, Hans-Henrik Parving. Renin angiotensin system blockade reduces urinary levels of soluble urokinase plasminogen activator receptor (suPAR) in patients with type 2 diabetes.
Journal of diabetes and its complications.
2016 Nov; 30(8):1440-1442. doi:
10.1016/j.jdiacomp.2016.07.003
. [PMID: 27475262] - Chaoyi Wang, Dunwei Guo, Qiang Wang, Song You, Zhongpeng Qiao, Yong Liu, Hang Dai, Hua Tang. Aliskiren targets multiple systems to alleviate cancer cachexia.
Oncology reports.
2016 Nov; 36(5):3014-3022. doi:
10.3892/or.2016.5118
. [PMID: 27667116] - Vinicius Mengal, Paulo Hm Silva, Renata V Tiradentes, Cintia H Santuzzi, Simone A de Almeida, Gabriela C Sena, Nazare S Bissoli, Glaucia R Abreu, Sonia A Gouvea. Aliskiren and l-arginine treatments restore depressed baroreflex sensitivity and decrease oxidative stress in renovascular hypertension rats.
Hypertension research : official journal of the Japanese Society of Hypertension.
2016 Nov; 39(11):769-776. doi:
10.1038/hr.2016.61
. [PMID: 27383506] - Li-Ping Wang, Su-Jing Fan, Shu-Min Li, Xiao-Jun Wang, Na Sun. [Aliskiren inhibits proliferation of cardiac fibroblasts in AGT-REN double transgenic hypertensive mice in vitro].
Sheng li xue bao : [Acta physiologica Sinica].
2016 Oct; 68(5):684-690. doi:
NULL
. [PMID: 27778035] - Yasuhiro Imaeda, Hidekazu Tokuhara, Yoshiyuki Fukase, Ray Kanagawa, Yumiko Kajimoto, Keiji Kusumoto, Mitsuyo Kondo, Gyorgy Snell, Craig A Behnke, Takanobu Kuroita. Discovery of TAK-272: A Novel, Potent, and Orally Active Renin Inhibitor.
ACS medicinal chemistry letters.
2016 Oct; 7(10):933-938. doi:
10.1021/acsmedchemlett.6b00251
. [PMID: 27774132] - Zhiqiang Zhao, Yan Chen, Weimin Li, Xinghua Wang, Jian Li, Wansong Yang, Lijun Cheng, Tong Liu, Enzhao Liu, Guangping Li. Aliskiren protecting atrial structural remodeling from rapid atrial pacing in a canine model.
Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology.
2016 Aug; 389(8):863-71. doi:
10.1007/s00210-016-1249-z
. [PMID: 27118660] - Sally A Abuelezz, Nevien Hendawy, Wesam M Osman. Aliskiren attenuates bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis in rats: focus on oxidative stress, advanced glycation end products, and matrix metalloproteinase-9.
Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology.
2016 Aug; 389(8):897-909. doi:
10.1007/s00210-016-1253-3
. [PMID: 27154762] - Abdelaziz M Hussein, Hala Abdel Malek, Mohamed-Ahdy Saad. Renoprotective effects of aliskiren on adenine-induced tubulointerstitial nephropathy: possible underlying mechanisms.
Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacology.
2016 Aug; 94(8):829-37. doi:
10.1139/cjpp-2015-0364
. [PMID: 27322834] - Francesca Viazzi, Barbara Bonino, Francesca Cappadona, Roberto Pontremoli. Renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system blockade in chronic kidney disease: current strategies and a look ahead.
Internal and emergency medicine.
2016 Aug; 11(5):627-35. doi:
10.1007/s11739-016-1435-5
. [PMID: 26984204] - Arata Fukushima, Shintaro Kinugawa, Shingo Takada, Junichi Matsumoto, Takaaki Furihata, Wataru Mizushima, Masaya Tsuda, Takashi Yokota, Shouji Matsushima, Koichi Okita, Hiroyuki Tsutsui. Direct renin inhibitor ameliorates insulin resistance by improving insulin signaling and oxidative stress in the skeletal muscle from post-infarct heart failure in mice.
European journal of pharmacology.
2016 May; 779(?):147-56. doi:
10.1016/j.ejphar.2016.03.022
. [PMID: 26988296] - Ebrahim Barkoudah, Bibi S van Thiel, Naomi D L Fisher, Richard A Gregg, A H Jan Danser, George V Moukarbel, Norman K Hollenberg. Maximum renal responses to renin inhibition in healthy study participants: VTP-27999 versus aliskiren.
Journal of hypertension.
2016 May; 34(5):935-41. doi:
10.1097/hjh.0000000000000860
. [PMID: 26882043] - Kengo Kidokoro, Minoru Satoh, Seiji Itano, Atsunori Kuwabara, Tamaki Sasaki, Naoki Kashihara. Feasibility of fluorescence energy transfer system for imaging the renoprotective effects of aliskiren in diabetic mice.
Journal of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system : JRAAS.
2016 Apr; 17(2):1470320315625704. doi:
10.1177/1470320315625704
. [PMID: 27216079] - Hiddo J L Heerspink, Frederik Persson, Barry M Brenner, Nish Chaturvedi, Patrick Brunel, John J McMurray, Akshay S Desai, Scott D Solomon, Marc A Pfeffer, Hans-Henrik Parving, Dick de Zeeuw. Renal outcomes with aliskiren in patients with type 2 diabetes: a prespecified secondary analysis of the ALTITUDE randomised controlled trial.
The lancet. Diabetes & endocrinology.
2016 Apr; 4(4):309-17. doi:
10.1016/s2213-8587(15)00469-6
. [PMID: 26774608] - Sandeep Kaur, Arunachalam Muthuraman. Therapeutic evaluation of rutin in two-kidney one-clip model of renovascular hypertension in rat.
Life sciences.
2016 Apr; 150(?):89-94. doi:
10.1016/j.lfs.2016.02.080
. [PMID: 26920631] - Saliha Sena Karcioglu, Saziye Sezin Palabiyik, Yasin Bayir, Emre Karakus, Tolga Mercantepe, Zekai Halici, Abdulmecit Albayrak. The Role of RAAS Inhibition by Aliskiren on Paracetamol-Induced Hepatotoxicity Model in Rats.
Journal of cellular biochemistry.
2016 Mar; 117(3):638-46. doi:
10.1002/jcb.25313
. [PMID: 26280784] - Chunling Li, Yu Lin, Renfei Luo, Shaoming Chen, Feifei Wang, Peili Zheng, Moshe Levi, Tianxin Yang, Weidong Wang. Intrarenal renin-angiotensin system mediates fatty acid-induced ER stress in the kidney.
American journal of physiology. Renal physiology.
2016 Mar; 310(5):F351-63. doi:
10.1152/ajprenal.00223.2015
. [PMID: 26672616] - Sarah Chung, Jin Young Jeong, Yoon Kyung Chang, Dae Eun Choi, Ki Ryang Na, Beom Jin Lim, Kang Wook Lee. Concomitant inhibition of renin angiotensin system and Toll-like receptor 2 attenuates renal injury in unilateral ureteral obstructed mice.
The Korean journal of internal medicine.
2016 Mar; 31(2):323-34. doi:
10.3904/kjim.2015.004
. [PMID: 26932402] - Anfal Fahad Bin-Dayel, Nayira A Abdel Baky, L M Fadda, Raeesa A Mohammad, Futwan Al-Mohanna. Effect of aliskiren and carvedilol on expression of Ca(2+)/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II δ-subunit isoforms in cardiac hypertrophy rat model.
Toxicology mechanisms and methods.
2016 Feb; 26(2):122-31. doi:
10.3109/15376516.2015.1128035
. [PMID: 26982530] - Ágnes Prókai, Rózsa Csohány, Erna Sziksz, Domonkos Pap, Leonóra Balicza-Himer, Szilvia Boros, Balázs Magda, Ádám Vannay, Katalin Kis-Petik, Andrea Fekete, János Peti-Peterdi, Attila J Szabó. Calcineurin-inhibition Results in Upregulation of Local Renin and Subsequent Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Production in Renal Collecting Ducts.
Transplantation.
2016 Feb; 100(2):325-333. doi:
10.1097/tp.0000000000000961
. [PMID: 26502369] - H J L Heerspink, T Ninomiya, F Persson, B M Brenner, P Brunel, N Chaturvedi, A S Desai, S M Haffner, J J V Mcmurray, S D Solomon, M A Pfeffer, H-H Parving, D de Zeeuw. Is a reduction in albuminuria associated with renal and cardiovascular protection? A post hoc analysis of the ALTITUDE trial.
Diabetes, obesity & metabolism.
2016 Feb; 18(2):169-77. doi:
10.1111/dom.12600
. [PMID: 26511599] - Hong Lu, Congqing Wu, Deborah A Howatt, Anju Balakrishnan, Jessica J Moorleghen, Xiaofeng Chen, Mingming Zhao, Mark J Graham, Adam E Mullick, Rosanne M Crooke, David L Feldman, Lisa A Cassis, Craig W Vander Kooi, Alan Daugherty. Angiotensinogen Exerts Effects Independent of Angiotensin II.
Arteriosclerosis, thrombosis, and vascular biology.
2016 Feb; 36(2):256-65. doi:
10.1161/atvbaha.115.306740
. [PMID: 26681751] - Mariadelina Simeoni, Ramona Nicotera, Maria Colao, Maria Lucia Citraro, Elena Pelagi, Annamaria Cerantonio, Nicola Comi, Giuseppe Coppolino, Giorgio Fuiano. Direct inhibition of plasmatic renin activity with aliskiren: a promising but under-investigated therapeutic option for non-diabetic glomerulonephritis.
International urology and nephrology.
2016 Feb; 48(2):229-37. doi:
10.1007/s11255-015-1128-4
. [PMID: 26438325] - Kuei-Chuan Lee, Yun-Cheng Hsieh, Ying-Ying Yang, Che-Chang Chan, Yi-Hsiang Huang, Han-Chieh Lin. Aliskiren Reduces Hepatic steatosis and Epididymal Fat Mass and Increases Skeletal Muscle Insulin Sensitivity in High-Fat Diet-Fed Mice.
Scientific reports.
2016 Jan; 6(?):18899. doi:
10.1038/srep18899
. [PMID: 26732252] - Hiroyuki Mizuno, Satoshi Hoshide, Motoki Fukutomi, Kazuomi Kario. Differing Effects of Aliskiren/Amlodipine Combination and High-Dose Amlodipine Monotherapy on Ambulatory Blood Pressure and Target Organ Protection.
Journal of clinical hypertension (Greenwich, Conn.).
2016 Jan; 18(1):70-8. doi:
10.1111/jch.12618
. [PMID: 26176643] - Shigemasa Tani, Toshio Kushiro, Atsuhiko Takahashi, Hirofumi Kawamata, Katsuaki Ohkubo, Ken Nagao, Atsushi Hirayama. Antihypertensive Efficacy of the Direct Renin Inhibitor Aliskiren as Add-on Therapy in Patients with Poorly Controlled Hypertension.
Internal medicine (Tokyo, Japan).
2016; 55(5):427-35. doi:
10.2169/internalmedicine.55.5629
. [PMID: 26935359] - Ju Hyung Kang, Haing Woon Baik, Seung-Min Yoo, Joo Heon Kim, Hae Il Cheong, Chung-Gyu Park, Hee Gyung Kang, Il-Soo Ha. Aliskiren Regulates Neonatal Fc Receptor and IgG Metabolism with Attenuation of Anti-GBM Glomerulonephritis in Mice.
Nephron.
2016; 134(4):272-282. doi:
10.1159/000448789
. [PMID: 27560625] - O B Kuzmin, N V Buchneva, L N Landar. [INTERACTION OF BETA-BLOCKER PROPRANOLOL WITH RENIN-ANGIOTENSIN SYSTEM INHIBITORS IN RAT KIDNEY].
Eksperimental'naia i klinicheskaia farmakologiia.
2016; 79(3):27-30. doi:
. [PMID: 27455575]
- Takashi Uzu, Shin-Ichi Araki, Atsunori Kashiwagi, Masakazu Haneda, Daisuke Koya, Hiroki Yokoyama, Yasuo Kida, Motoyoshi Ikebuchi, Takaaki Nakamura, Masataka Nishimura, Noriko Takahara, Toshiyuki Obata, Nobuyuki Omichi, Katsuhiko Sakamoto, Ryosuke Shingu, Hideki Taki, Yoshio Nagai, Hiroaki Tokuda, Munehiro Kitada, Miwa Misawa, Akira Nishiyama, Hiroyuki Kobori, Hiroshi Maegawa. Comparative Effects of Direct Renin Inhibitor and Angiotensin Receptor Blocker on Albuminuria in Hypertensive Patients with Type 2 Diabetes. A Randomized Controlled Trial.
PloS one.
2016; 11(12):e0164936. doi:
10.1371/journal.pone.0164936
. [PMID: 28033332] - Naif O Al-Harbi, Faisal Imam, Mohammed M Al-Harbi, Muzaffar Iqbal, Ahmed Nadeem, Othman A Al-Shahrah, Hesham M Korashy, Khalid A Al-Hosaini, Mukhtar Ahmed, Saleh Bahashwar. Treatment with aliskiren ameliorates tacrolimus-induced nephrotoxicity in rats.
Journal of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system : JRAAS.
2015 Dec; 16(4):1329-36. doi:
10.1177/1470320314530178
. [PMID: 24737642] - K V Anil Kumar, Shrasti Nagwar, Rama Thyloor, Sreemantula Satyanarayana. Anti-stress and nootropic activity of drugs affecting the renin-angiotensin system in rats based on indirect biochemical evidence.
Journal of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system : JRAAS.
2015 Dec; 16(4):801-12. doi:
10.1177/1470320313516173
. [PMID: 24496517] - Harun Un, Yasin Bayir, Zekai Halici, Erol Akpinar, Emre Karakus, Akgun Oral, Tevfik Ziypak, Jale Selli. The Effects of RAAS Inhibition in Rate Limiting Step by Aliskiren on Testicular Torsion Injury in Rats.
The Journal of urology.
2015 Sep; 194(3):828-33. doi:
10.1016/j.juro.2015.03.117
. [PMID: 25849601] - Chien-Ning Hsu, Chien-Te Lee, Li-Tung Huang, You-Lin Tain. Aliskiren in early postnatal life prevents hypertension and reduces asymmetric dimethylarginine in offspring exposed to maternal caloric restriction.
Journal of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system : JRAAS.
2015 Sep; 16(3):506-13. doi:
10.1177/1470320313514123
. [PMID: 24833625] - Esraa M Rabie, Gehan H Heeba, Mekky M Abouzied, Mohamed M A Khalifa. Comparative effects of Aliskiren and Telmisartan in high fructose diet-induced metabolic syndrome in rats.
European journal of pharmacology.
2015 Aug; 760(?):145-53. doi:
10.1016/j.ejphar.2015.04.019
. [PMID: 25917321] - Samar A Asker, Shireen A Mazroa, Vivian Boshra, Ahmed M Hassan. Biochemical and histological impact of direct renin inhibition by aliskiren on myofibroblasts activation and differentiation in bleomycin induced pulmonary fibrosis in adult mice.
Tissue & cell.
2015 Aug; 47(4):373-81. doi:
10.1016/j.tice.2015.05.001
. [PMID: 26002989] - Kotaro Soji, Shigehiro Doi, Ayumu Nakashima, Kensuke Sasaki, Toru Kawai, Asuka Aoki, Yasufumi Kyuden, Kenta Fujiwara, Yukio Yokoyama, Takao Masaki. Efficacy of add-on therapy of aliskiren to an angiotensin II receptor blocker on renal outcomes in advanced-stage chronic kidney disease: a prospective, randomized, open-label study.
Clinical and experimental nephrology.
2015 Aug; 19(4):631-8. doi:
10.1007/s10157-014-1044-4
. [PMID: 26293451] - Walid M Ebeid, Ehab F Elkady, Asmaa A El-Zaher, Ramzia I El-Bagary, Gabor Patonay. Simultaneous Determination of Aliskiren Hemifumarate, Amlodipine Besylate and Hydrochlorothiazide in Spiked Human Plasma Using UPLC-MS/MS.
Journal of chromatographic science.
2015 Aug; 53(7):1178-84. doi:
10.1093/chromsci/bmu213
. [PMID: 25575509] - Renata V Tiradentes, Cintia H Santuzzi, Erick Rg Claudio, Vinicius Mengal, Nyam F Silva, Henrique A F Neto, Nazaré S Bissoli, Glaucia R Abreu, Sonia A Gouvea. Combined Aliskiren and L-arginine treatment reverses renovascular hypertension in an animal model.
Hypertension research : official journal of the Japanese Society of Hypertension.
2015 Jul; 38(7):471-7. doi:
10.1038/hr.2015.16
. [PMID: 25740291] - Jody R Dushay, Francesco Tecilazich, Antonios Kafanas, Mary L Magargee, Michael E Auster, Charalambos Gnardellis, Thanh Dinh, Aristidis Veves. Aliskiren improves vascular smooth muscle function in the skin microcirculation of type 2 diabetic patients with normal renal function.
Journal of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system : JRAAS.
2015 Jun; 16(2):344-52. doi:
10.1177/1470320313489060
. [PMID: 23670354] - Kusumam Joseph, Tracy E Tholanikunnel, Allen P Kaplan. In vitro comparison of bradykinin degradation by aliskiren, a renin inhibitor, and an inhibitor of angiotensin-converting enzyme.
Journal of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system : JRAAS.
2015 Jun; 16(2):321-7. doi:
10.1177/1470320313491997
. [PMID: 23764715] - Nicolas F Schroten, Kevin Damman, Marc H Hemmelder, Adriaan A Voors, Gerjan Navis, Carlo A J M Gaillard, Dirk J van Veldhuisen, Wiek H Van Gilst, Hans L Hillege. Effect of additive renin inhibition with aliskiren on renal blood flow in patients with Chronic Heart Failure and Renal Dysfunction (Additive Renin Inhibition with Aliskiren on renal blood flow and Neurohormonal Activation in patients with Chronic Heart Failure and Renal Dysfunction).
American heart journal.
2015 May; 169(5):693-701.e3. doi:
10.1016/j.ahj.2014.12.016
. [PMID: 25965717] - Weidong Wang, Renfei Luo, Yu Lin, Feifei Wang, Peili Zheng, Moshe Levi, Tianxin Yang, Chunling Li. Aliskiren restores renal AQP2 expression during unilateral ureteral obstruction by inhibiting the inflammasome.
American journal of physiology. Renal physiology.
2015 Apr; 308(8):F910-22. doi:
10.1152/ajprenal.00649.2014
. [PMID: 25694485] - A Sadeghpour, M Rappolt, D Ntountaniotis, P Chatzigeorgiou, K Viras, G Megariotis, M G Papadopoulos, E Siapi, G Mali, T Mavromoustakos. Comparative study of interactions of aliskiren and AT1 receptor antagonists with lipid bilayers.
Biochimica et biophysica acta.
2015 Apr; 1848(4):984-94. doi:
10.1016/j.bbamem.2014.12.004
. [PMID: 25534713]