Vardenafil (BioDeep_00000017864)

human metabolite blood metabolite

代谢物信息卡片

1-(((3-(3,4-Dihydro-5-methyl)-4-oxo-7-propylimidazo(5,1-F)-as-triazin-2-yl)-4-ethoxyphenyl)sulfonyl)-4-ethylpiperazine

化学式: C23H32N6O4S (488.2205632)
中文名称: 伐地那非
谱图信息: 最多检出来源 Homo sapiens(blood) 3.08%

分子结构信息

SMILES: CCCC1=NC(=C2N1N=C(NC2=O)C3=C(C=CC(=C3)S(=O)(=O)N4CCN(CC4)CC)OCC)C
InChI: InChI=1S/C23H32N6O4S/c1-5-8-20-24-16(4)21-23(30)25-22(26-29(20)21)18-15-17(9-10-19(18)33-7-3)34(31,32)28-13-11-27(6-2)12-14-28/h9-10,15H,5-8,11-14H2,1-4H3,(H,25,26,30)

描述信息

Vardenafil (Levitra) is an oral therapy for the treatment of erectile dysfunction. It is a selective inhibitor of cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP)-specific phosphodiesterase type 5 (PDE5). Penile erection is a hemodynamic process initiated by the relaxation of smooth muscle in the corpus cavernosum and its associated arterioles. During sexual stimulation, nitric oxide is released from nerve endings and endothelial cells in the corpus cavernosum. Nitric oxide activates the enzyme guanylate cyclase resulting in increased synthesis of cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) in the smooth muscle cells of the corpus cavernosum. The cGMP in turn triggers smooth muscle relaxation, allowing increased blood flow into the penis, resulting in erection. The tissue concentration of cGMP is regulated by both the rates of synthesis and degradation via phosphodiesterases (PDEs). The most abundant PDE in the human corpus cavernosum is the cGMPspecific phosphodiesterase type 5 (PDE5); therefore, the inhibition of PDE5 enhances erectile function by increasing the amount of cGMP.
G - Genito urinary system and sex hormones > G04 - Urologicals > G04B - Urologicals > G04BE - Drugs used in erectile dysfunction
D004791 - Enzyme Inhibitors > D010726 - Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors > D058986 - Phosphodiesterase 5 Inhibitors
C471 - Enzyme Inhibitor > C744 - Phosphodiesterase Inhibitor > C2127 - cGMP Phosphodiesterase Inhibitor
D000089162 - Genitourinary Agents > D064804 - Urological Agents
D002317 - Cardiovascular Agents > D014665 - Vasodilator Agents

同义名列表

17 个代谢物同义名

1-(((3-(3,4-Dihydro-5-methyl)-4-oxo-7-propylimidazo(5,1-F)-as-triazin-2-yl)-4-ethoxyphenyl)sulfonyl)-4-ethylpiperazine; 2-{2-ethoxy-5-[(4-ethylpiperazin-1-yl)sulfonyl]phenyl}-5-methyl-7-propyl-1H,4H-imidazo[4,3-f][1,2,4]triazin-4-one; 2-{2-ethoxy-5-[(4-ethylpiperazin-1-yl)sulphonyl]phenyl}-5-methyl-7-propylimidazo[5,1-F][1,2,4]triazin-4(1H)-one; 2-{2-ethoxy-5-[(4-ethylpiperazin-1-yl)sulfonyl]phenyl}-5-methyl-7-propylimidazo[5,1-F][1,2,4]triazin-4(1H)-one; Trihydrate, vardenafil hydrochloride; Hydrochloride trihydrate, vardenafil; Anhydrous, vardenafil hydrochloride; Hydrochloride anhydrous, vardenafil; Vardenafil hydrochloride trihydrate; Vardenafil hydrochloride anhydrous; Dihydrochloride, vardenafil; Vardenafil dihydrochloride; Hydrochloride, vardenafil; Vardenafil hydrochloride; Vardenafil; Levitra; VDN

数据库引用编号

12 个数据库交叉引用编号

ChEBI: CHEBI:46295
PubChem: 135400189
PubChem: 110634
HMDB: HMDB0015000
DrugBank: DB00862
ChEMBL: CHEMBL1520
Wikipedia: Vardenafil
MeSH: Vardenafil Dihydrochloride
chemspider: 99300
CAS: 1189685-70-8
CAS: 224785-90-4
PMhub: MS000000701

分类词条

Benzenesulfonamides

代谢反应

0 个相关的代谢反应过程信息。

Reactome(0)

BioCyc(0)

WikiPathways(0)

Plant Reactome(0)

INOH(0)

PlantCyc(0)

COVID-19 Disease Map(0)

PathBank(0)

PharmGKB(0)

1 个相关的物种来源信息

9606 Homo sapiens: -

在这里通过桑基图来展示出与当前的这个代谢物在我们的BioDeep知识库中具有相关联信息的其他代谢物。在这里进行关联的信息来源主要有：

PubMed: 来源于PubMed文献库中的文献信息，我们通过自然语言数据挖掘得到的在同一篇文献中被同时提及的相关代谢物列表，这个列表按照代谢物同时出现的文献数量降序排序，取前10个代谢物作为相关研究中关联性很高的代谢物集合展示在桑基图中。
NCBI Taxonomy: 通过文献数据挖掘，得到的代谢物物种来源信息关联。这个关联信息同样按照出现的次数降序排序，取前10个代谢物作为高关联度的代谢物集合展示在桑吉图上。
Chemical Taxonomy: 在物质分类上处于同一个分类集合中的其他代谢物
Chemical Reaction: 在化学反应过程中，存在为当前代谢物相关联的生化反应过程中的反应底物或者反应产物的关联代谢物信息。

点击图上的相关代谢物的名称，可以跳转到相关代谢物的信息页面。

文献列表

Rakesh C Kukreja, Rui Wang, Saisudha Koka, Anindita Das, Arun Samidurai, Lei Xi. Treating diabetes with combination of phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitors and hydroxychloroquine-a possible prevention strategy for COVID-19?. Molecular and cellular biochemistry. 2023 Mar; 478(3):679-696. doi: 10.1007/s11010-022-04520-2. [PMID: 36036333]
Milos Krivokapic, Israpil Alisultanovich Omarov, Vladimir Zivkovic, Tamara Nikolic Turnic, Vladimir Jakovljevic. Changes in Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction and Oxidative Stress after Phosphodiesterase Type-5 Inhibitor Treatment in an Experimental Model of Retrograde Rat Perfusion. Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania). 2023 Feb; 59(3):. doi: 10.3390/medicina59030458. [PMID: 36984459]
Silvia Limoncella, Clara Lazzaretti, Elia Paradiso, Sara D'Alessandro, Federica Barbagallo, Salvatore Pacifico, Remo Guerrini, Simonetta Tagliavini, Tommaso Trenti, Daniele Santi, Manuela Simoni, Marco Sola, Giulia Di Rocco, Livio Casarini. Phosphodiesterase (PDE) 5 inhibitors sildenafil, tadalafil and vardenafil impact cAMP-specific PDE8 isoforms-linked second messengers and steroid production in a mouse Leydig tumor cell line. Molecular and cellular endocrinology. 2022 02; 542(?):111527. doi: 10.1016/j.mce.2021.111527. [PMID: 34875337]
Heba Samir Elama, Shereen M Shalan, Yasser El-Shabrawy, Manal I Eid, Abdallah M Zeid. Utilization of a micellar matrix for simultaneous spectrofluorimetric estimation of alfuzosin hydrochloride and vardenafil hydrochloride. Spectrochimica acta. Part A, Molecular and biomolecular spectroscopy. 2022 Feb; 266(?):120420. doi: 10.1016/j.saa.2021.120420. [PMID: 34619505]
Michael A Eldon, Edwin L Parsley, Mari Maurer, Thomas E Tarara, Jerry Okikawa, Jeffry G Weers. Safety, Tolerability, and Pharmacokinetics of RT234 (Vardenafil Inhalation Powder): A First-in-Human, Ascending Single- and Multiple-Dose Study in Healthy Subjects. Journal of aerosol medicine and pulmonary drug delivery. 2021 08; 34(4):251-261. doi: 10.1089/jamp.2020.1651. [PMID: 33325799]
Barbara Dhooghe, Caroline Bouzin, Angélique Mottais, Emmanuel Hermans, Martial Delion, Nadtha Panin, Sabrina Noel, Teresinha Leal. Vardenafil increases intracellular accumulation of the most prevalent mutant cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CTFR) in human bronchial epithelial cells. Biology open. 2020 08; 9(8):. doi: 10.1242/bio.053116. [PMID: 32747447]
R J Zhang, Y Y He, D Jiang, S F Liu, Y J Zhang, W S Zheng, S Wu, Z C Jing. [Feasibility of the determination of plasma vardenafil level in rat by performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry]. Zhonghua xin xue guan bing za zhi. 2020 Jun; 48(6):507-512. doi: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112148-20200307-00170. [PMID: 32842262]
A Zucchi, E Costantini, F I Scroppo, M Silvani, Z Kopa, E Illiano, M G Petrillo, L Cari, G Nocentini. The first-generation phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitors and their pharmacokinetic issue. Andrology. 2019 11; 7(6):804-817. doi: 10.1111/andr.12683. [PMID: 31350821]
Gül Doğan, Hülya İpek, Yılmaz Baş, Güvenç Doğan, Selçuk Kayır. Experimental study on prophylactic effects of vardenafil in ischemia-reperfusion model with intestinal volvulus injury in rats. Journal of pediatric surgery. 2019 Oct; 54(10):2172-2177. doi: 10.1016/j.jpedsurg.2019.02.011. [PMID: 30885562]
M I Walash, F Belal, M Fathy, S Zayed, H Borg. Simultaneous HPLC determination of alfuzosin, tamsulosin and vardenafil in human plasma and pharmaceutical formulations using time programmed fluorescence detection. Annales pharmaceutiques francaises. 2019 Jan; 77(1):28-37. doi: 10.1016/j.pharma.2018.08.003. [PMID: 30172351]
Elif Öztürk Er, Belma Özbek, Sezgin Bakırdere. Accurate and sensitive determination of sildenafil, tadalafil, vardenafil, and avanafil in illicit erectile dysfunction medications and human urine by LC with quadrupole-TOF-MS/MS and their behaviors in simulated gastric conditions. Journal of separation science. 2019 Jan; 42(2):475-483. doi: 10.1002/jssc.201800734. [PMID: 30358113]
Mai Ahmed Tawfik, Mina Ibrahim Tadros, Magdy Ibrahim Mohamed. Lipomers (Lipid-polymer Hybrid Particles) of Vardenafil Hydrochloride: a Promising Dual Platform for Modifying the Drug Release Rate and Enhancing Its Oral Bioavailability. AAPS PharmSciTech. 2018 Nov; 19(8):3650-3660. doi: 10.1208/s12249-018-1191-0. [PMID: 30291543]
Hongbo Zheng, Yifeng Wu, Bin Sun, Chuanle Cheng, Yanan Qiao, Yuehua Jiang, Shengtian Zhao, Zhiyu Xie, Jing Tan, Hongxiang Lou. Discovery of furyl/thienyl β-carboline derivatives as potent and selective PDE5 inhibitors with excellent vasorelaxant effect. European journal of medicinal chemistry. 2018 Oct; 158(?):767-780. doi: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2018.09.028. [PMID: 30245400]
Aaa Salama, R E Mostafa, E A Omara. Effects of phosphodiestrase type 5 inhibitors in epinephrine-induced arrhythmia in rats: Involvement of lactate dehydrogenase and creatine kinase downregulation and adiponectin expression. Human & experimental toxicology. 2018 Mar; 37(3):256-264. doi: 10.1177/0960327117695638. [PMID: 29233027]
Christopher J Helal, Eric Arnold, Tracey Boyden, Cheng Chang, Thomas A Chappie, Ethan Fisher, Mihaly Hajos, John F Harms, William E Hoffman, John M Humphrey, Jayvardhan Pandit, Zhijun Kang, Robin J Kleiman, Bethany L Kormos, Che-Wah Lee, Jiemin Lu, Noha Maklad, Laura McDowell, Dina McGinnis, Rebecca E O'Connor, Christopher J O'Donnell, Adam Ogden, Mary Piotrowski, Christopher J Schmidt, Patricia A Seymour, Hirokazu Ueno, Nichole Vansell, Patrick R Verhoest, Edward X Yang. Identification of a Potent, Highly Selective, and Brain Penetrant Phosphodiesterase 2A Inhibitor Clinical Candidate. Journal of medicinal chemistry. 2018 02; 61(3):1001-1018. doi: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.7b01466. [PMID: 29293004]
Dina S El-Agamy, Hamdi H Almaramhy, Nishat Ahmed, Bsmah Bojan, Waad D Alrohily, Mohamed A Elkablawy. Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Vardenafil Against Cholestatic Liver Damage in Mice: a Mechanistic Study. Cellular physiology and biochemistry : international journal of experimental cellular physiology, biochemistry, and pharmacology. 2018; 47(2):523-534. doi: 10.1159/000489986. [PMID: 29794447]
Daniele Santi, Michela Locaso, Antonio R Granata, Tommaso Trenti, Laura Roli, Chiara Pacchioni, Vincenzo Rochira, Cesare Carani, Manuela Simoni. Could chronic Vardenafil administration influence the cardiovascular risk in men with type 2 diabetes mellitus?. PloS one. 2018; 13(6):e0199299. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0199299. [PMID: 29953477]
Mayumi Ikeda, Yu Ishima, Victor T G Chuang, Tsuyoshi Ikeda, Ryo Kinoshita, Hiroshi Watanabe, Tatsuhiro Ishida, Masaki Otagiri, Toru Maruyama. Apoptosis induction of poly-S-nitrosated human serum albumin in resistant solid tumor under hypoxia can be restored by phosphodiesterase 5 inhibition. Nitric oxide : biology and chemistry. 2017 Sep; 69(?):28-34. doi: 10.1016/j.niox.2017.04.005. [PMID: 28414103]
Daniele Santi, Antonio Rm Granata, Elisa Pignatti, Tommaso Trenti, Laura Roli, Roberto Bozic, Stefano Zaza, Chiara Pacchioni, Vincenzo Rochira, Cesare Carani, Manuela Simoni. Effects of chronic administration of the phosphodiesterase inhibitor vardenafil on serum levels of adrenal and testicular steroids in men with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Endocrine. 2017 May; 56(2):426-437. doi: 10.1007/s12020-016-1055-x. [PMID: 27515804]
Hamit H Alp, Zübeyir Huyut, Serkan Yildirim, Yıldıray Başbugan, Levent Ediz, Mehmet R Şekeroğlu. The effect of PDE5 inhibitors on bone and oxidative damage in ovariectomy-induced osteoporosis. Experimental biology and medicine (Maywood, N.J.). 2017 05; 242(10):1051-1061. doi: 10.1177/1535370217703352. [PMID: 28399643]
S Azab, H Aoud, N Nabil. The correlation between high sensitivity C-reactive protein and erectile dysfunction patients with hypertension treated with vardenafil. International journal of impotence research. 2017 Mar; 29(2):82-85. doi: 10.1038/ijir.2016.51. [PMID: 27904146]
Nishat Ahmed, Nada F Bakhashwain, Alaa F Alsehemi, Dina S El-Agamy. Hepatoprotective role of vardenafil against experimentally induced hepatitis in mice. Journal of biochemical and molecular toxicology. 2017 Mar; 31(3):. doi: 10.1002/jbt.21867. [PMID: 27762466]
Haider A J Al Lawati, Idris Al Busaidi, Afsal M Kadavilpparampu, FakhrEldin O Suliman. Determination of Common Adulterants in Herbal Medicine and Food Samples using Core-shell Column Coupled to Tandem Mass Spectrometry. Journal of chromatographic science. 2017 03; 55(3):232-242. doi: 10.1093/chromsci/bmw175. [PMID: 27881492]
O A El-Kawy, J A García-Horsman, R K Tuominen. Labelling, molecular modelling and biological evaluation of vardenafil: a potential agent for diagnostic evaluation of erectile dysfunction. Applied radiation and isotopes : including data, instrumentation and methods for use in agriculture, industry and medicine. 2016 Dec; 118(?):258-265. doi: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2016.09.023. [PMID: 27693738]
Daniele Santi, Antonio R M Granata, Alessandro Guidi, Elisa Pignatti, Tommaso Trenti, Laura Roli, Roberto Bozic, Stefano Zaza, Chiara Pacchioni, Stefania Romano, Jerzy Roch Nofer, Vincenzo Rochira, Cesare Carani, Manuela Simoni. Six months of daily treatment with vardenafil improves parameters of endothelial inflammation and of hypogonadism in male patients with type 2 diabetes and erectile dysfunction: a randomized, double-blind, prospective trial. European journal of endocrinology. 2016 Apr; 174(4):513-22. doi: 10.1530/eje-15-1100. [PMID: 26792933]
Mohammed Abu Bakr Abu El-Enin, Mohammed El-Sayed Abd Al-Ghaffar Hammouda, Dina Tawfik El-Sherbiny, Dalia Rashad El-Wasseef, Saadia Mahmoud El-Ashry. Validated spectrofluorimetric method for determination of two phosphodiesterase inhibitors tadalafil and vardenafil in pharmaceutical preparations and spiked human plasma. Luminescence : the journal of biological and chemical luminescence. 2016 Feb; 31(1):173-8. doi: 10.1002/bio.2941. [PMID: 26019060]
Dan Henrohn, Anna Sandqvist, Hanna Egeröd, Mikael Hedeland, Lisa Wernroth, Ulf Bondesson, Gerhard Wikström. Changes in plasma levels of asymmetric dimethylarginine, symmetric dimethylarginine, and arginine after a single dose of vardenafil in patients with pulmonary hypertension. Vascular pharmacology. 2015 Oct; 73(?):71-7. doi: 10.1016/j.vph.2015.04.010. [PMID: 25934511]
Renato Chavasco de Sousa, Antonio Augusto Moreira Neto, Vera Luíza Capelozzi, Alexandre Muxfeldt Ab'Saber, Olavo Ribeiro Rodrigues. Effects of vardenafil on the kidney of Wistar rats submitted to acute ischemia and reperfusion. Acta cirurgica brasileira. 2015 May; 30(5):339-44. doi: 10.1590/s0102-865020150050000005. [PMID: 26016933]
D Essiz, M Sozmen, M Sudagidan, A K Devrim. Phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibition attenuates cyclosporine A induced nephrotoxicity in mice. Biotechnic & histochemistry : official publication of the Biological Stain Commission. 2015 Apr; 90(3):167-78. doi: 10.3109/10520295.2014.976270. [PMID: 25420893]
Usama A Fahmy. Nanoethosomal transdermal delivery of vardenafil for treatment of erectile dysfunction: optimization, characterization, and in vivo evaluation. Drug design, development and therapy. 2015; 9(?):6129-37. doi: 10.2147/dddt.s94615. [PMID: 26604700]
Dany-Jan Yassin, Yousef El Douaihy, Aksam A Yassin, James Kashanian, Ridwan Shabsigh, Peter G Hammerer. Lower urinary tract symptoms improve with testosterone replacement therapy in men with late-onset hypogonadism: 5-year prospective, observational and longitudinal registry study. World journal of urology. 2014 Aug; 32(4):1049-54. doi: 10.1007/s00345-013-1187-z. [PMID: 24135918]
Linda Vignozzi, Sandra Filippi, Paolo Comeglio, Ilaria Cellai, Erica Sarchielli, Annamaria Morelli, Giulia Rastrelli, Elena Maneschi, Andrea Galli, Gabriella Barbara Vannelli, Farid Saad, Edoardo Mannucci, Luciano Adorini, Mario Maggi. Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis as a novel player in metabolic syndrome-induced erectile dysfunction: an experimental study in the rabbit. Molecular and cellular endocrinology. 2014 Mar; 384(1-2):143-54. doi: 10.1016/j.mce.2014.01.014. [PMID: 24486698]
Abdelkader E Ashour, A F M Motiur Rahman, Mohammed G Kassem. Vardenafil dihydrochloride. Profiles of drug substances, excipients, and related methodology. 2014; 39(?):515-44. doi: 10.1016/b978-0-12-800173-8.00009-x. [PMID: 24794912]
Dhavalkumar Narendrabhai Patel, Lin Li, Chee-Leong Kee, Xiaowei Ge, Min-Yong Low, Hwee-Ling Koh. Screening of synthetic PDE-5 inhibitors and their analogues as adulterants: analytical techniques and challenges. Journal of pharmaceutical and biomedical analysis. 2014 Jan; 87(?):176-90. doi: 10.1016/j.jpba.2013.04.037. [PMID: 23721687]
Jose J Zamorano-León, Carlos Olivier, Natalia de Las Heras, Petra J Mateos-Cáceres, Ricardo Brime Menéndez, Pablo Rodríguez-Sierra, Naihara Martín Palacios, Luis San José Manso, Javier Modrego, Antonio Segura, Carlos Macaya, Antonio J López-Farré. Vardenafil improves penile erection in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients with erectile dysfunction: role of tropomyosin. The journal of sexual medicine. 2013 Dec; 10(12):3110-20. doi: 10.1111/jsm.12324. [PMID: 24112450]
Fang-Fang Chen, Xiao-Yu Xie, Yan-Ping Shi. Magnetic molecularly imprinted polymer for the selective extraction of sildenafil, vardenafil and their analogs from herbal medicines. Talanta. 2013 Oct; 115(?):482-9. doi: 10.1016/j.talanta.2013.06.009. [PMID: 24054622]
You-Fei Fan, Rui Zhang, Xin Jiang, Li Wen, Dan-Chen Wu, Dong Liu, Ping Yuan, Yu-Lin Wang, Zhi-Cheng Jing. The phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitor vardenafil reduces oxidative stress while reversing pulmonary arterial hypertension. Cardiovascular research. 2013 Aug; 99(3):395-403. doi: 10.1093/cvr/cvt109. [PMID: 23650288]
Changqin Xiao, Minqiong Tang, Jian Li, Chen-ru Yin, Guangya Xiang, Li Xu. Determination of sildenafil, vardenafil and aildenafil in human plasma by dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction-back extraction based on ionic liquid and high performance liquid chromatography-ultraviolet detection. Journal of chromatography. B, Analytical technologies in the biomedical and life sciences. 2013 Jul; 931(?):111-6. doi: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2013.05.013. [PMID: 23774245]
Asghar Ali, Andrew Binder, Asad Mohmand, Helen Stewart, Margaret Pipkin, Lisa Martin, Szabolcs Szentpetery, Gundars Katlaps, Ion S Jovin. The safety of preoperative vardenafil in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass graft surgery. Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology. 2013 Jul; 62(1):106-9. doi: 10.1097/fjc.0b013e318291be81. [PMID: 23519141]
Iason Kyriazis, George C Kagadis, Panagiotis Kallidonis, Ioannis Georgiopoulos, Antonia Marazioti, Aikaterini Geronasiou, Despοina Liourdi, George Loudos, Vasilios Schinas, Dimitris Apostolopoulos, Helen Papadaki, Christodoulos Flordellis, George C Nikiforidis, Andreas Papapetropoulos, Evangelos Nu Liatsikos. PDE5 inhibition against acute renal ischemia reperfusion injury in rats: does vardenafil offer protection?. World journal of urology. 2013 Jun; 31(3):597-602. doi: 10.1007/s00345-012-0980-4. [PMID: 23143734]
Péter Jankovics, Szilvia Lohner, András Darcsi, Júlia Németh-Palotás, Szabolcs Béni. Detection and structure elucidation of hydroxythiovardenafil as an adulterant in a herbal dietary supplement. Journal of pharmaceutical and biomedical analysis. 2013 Feb; 74(?):83-91. doi: 10.1016/j.jpba.2012.10.013. [PMID: 23245238]
A M Sandqvist, D Henrohn, J Schneede, M Hedeland, H C Egeröd, U G Bondesson, B G Wikström. High inter-individual variability of vardenafil pharmacokinetics in patients with pulmonary hypertension. European journal of clinical pharmacology. 2013 Feb; 69(2):197-207. doi: 10.1007/s00228-012-1323-5. [PMID: 22732766]
Dan Henrohn, Anna Sandqvist, Mikael Hedeland, Hanna Egeröd, Ulf Bondesson, Gerhard Wikström. Acute haemodynamic response in relation to plasma vardenafil concentrations in patients with pulmonary hypertension. British journal of clinical pharmacology. 2012 Dec; 74(6):990-8. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2125.2012.04303.x. [PMID: 22515706]
Kristina Y Rust, Heinrike Wilkens, Ralf Kaiser, Dietmar Bregel, Jochen Wilske, Thomas Kraemer. Detection and validated quantification of the phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors sildenafil, vardenafil, tadalafil, and 2 of their metabolites in human blood plasma by LC-MS/MS--application to forensic and therapeutic drug monitoring cases. Therapeutic drug monitoring. 2012 Dec; 34(6):729-35. doi: 10.1097/ftd.0b013e31827318b8. [PMID: 23128911]
Nora Unceta, Leire Echeazarra, Mario Montaña, Joan Sallés, Alberto Gómez-Caballero, M Aránzazu Goicolea, Ramón J Barrio. Validation of an LC-ESI-MS/MS method for the quantitation of phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitors and their main metabolites in rat serum and brain tissue samples. Journal of pharmaceutical and biomedical analysis. 2012 Nov; 70(?):529-33. doi: 10.1016/j.jpba.2012.04.030. [PMID: 22647499]
Fenhong Song, Aref El-Demerdash, Shwn-Ji Susie H Lee. Screening for multiple phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitor drugs in dietary supplement materials by flow injection mass spectrometry and their quantification by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. Journal of pharmaceutical and biomedical analysis. 2012 Nov; 70(?):40-6. doi: 10.1016/j.jpba.2012.05.017. [PMID: 22695818]
Antonio Aversa, Claudio Letizia, Davide Francomano, Roberto Bruzziches, Marco Natali, Andrea Lenzi. A spontaneous, double-blind, double-dummy cross-over study on the effects of daily vardenafil on arterial stiffness in patients with vasculogenic erectile dysfunction. International journal of cardiology. 2012 Oct; 160(3):187-91. doi: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2011.04.003. [PMID: 21546099]
Lucas G Prado, Johannes Huber, Christian G Huber, Carolin Mogler, Julia Ehrenheim, Joanne Nyarangi-Dix, Sascha Pahernik, Markus Hohenfellner. Penile methadone injection in suicidal intent: life-threatening and fatal for erectile function. Journal of andrology. 2012 Sep; 33(5):801-4. doi: 10.2164/jandrol.111.015370. [PMID: 22403280]
Jun-Jiang Chen, Yue-Li Sun, Amit K Tiwari, Zhi-Jie Xiao, Kamlesh Sodani, Dong-Hua Yang, Saraubh G Vispute, Wen-Qi Jiang, Si-Dong Chen, Zhe-Sheng Chen. PDE5 inhibitors, sildenafil and vardenafil, reverse multidrug resistance by inhibiting the efflux function of multidrug resistance protein 7 (ATP-binding Cassette C10) transporter. Cancer science. 2012 Aug; 103(8):1531-7. doi: 10.1111/j.1349-7006.2012.02328.x. [PMID: 22578167]
Mauro Gacci, Gianni Vittori, Nicola Tosi, Giampaolo Siena, Mario Alberto Rossetti, Alberto Lapini, Linda Vignozzi, Sergio Serni, Mario Maggi, Marco Carini. A randomized, placebo-controlled study to assess safety and efficacy of vardenafil 10 mg and tamsulosin 0.4 mg vs. tamsulosin 0.4 mg alone in the treatment of lower urinary tract symptoms secondary to benign prostatic hyperplasia. The journal of sexual medicine. 2012 Jun; 9(6):1624-33. doi: 10.1111/j.1743-6109.2012.02718.x. [PMID: 22510238]
Olga A H Reneerkens, Kris Rutten, Sven Akkerman, Arjan Blokland, Christopher L Shaffer, Frank S Menniti, Harry W M Steinbusch, Jos Prickaerts. Phosphodiesterase type 5 (PDE5) inhibition improves object recognition memory: indications for central and peripheral mechanisms. Neurobiology of learning and memory. 2012 May; 97(4):370-9. doi: 10.1016/j.nlm.2012.02.008. [PMID: 22426465]
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