CL(14:0/16:0/18:2(9Z,11Z)/18:2(9Z,11Z)) (BioDeep_00000154442)

描述信息

CL(14:0/16:0/18:2(9Z,11Z)/18:2(9Z,11Z)) is a cardiolipin (CL). Cardiolipins are sometimes called a double phospholipid because they have four fatty acid tails, instead of the usual two. CL(14:0/16:0/18:2(9Z,11Z)/18:2(9Z,11Z)) contains one chain of tetradecanoic acid at the C1 position, one chain of hexadecanoic acid at the C2 position, two chains of (9Z,11Z-octadecadienoyl) at the C3 and C4 positions. Cardiolipins are known to be present in all mammalian cells especially cells with a high number of mitochondria. De novo synthesis of Cardiolipins begins with condensing phosphatidic acid (PA) with cytidine-5’-triphosphate (CTP) to form cytidine-diphosphate-1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerol (CDP- DG). Glycerol-3-phosphate is subsequently added to this newly formed CDP-DG molecule to form  phosphatidylglycerol phosphate (PGP), which is immediately dephosphorylated to form PG. The final step is the process of condensing the PG molecule with another CDP-DG molecule to form a new cardiolipin, which is catalyzed by cardiolipin synthase. All new cardiolipins will immediately undergo a series remodeling resulting in the common cardiolipin compositions. (PMID:16442164). Cardiolipin synthase shows no selectivity for fatty acyl chains used in the de novo synthesis of cardiolipin (PMID:16442164). Tafazzin is an important enzyme in the remodeling of cardiolipins, and opposite to cardiolipin synthase, it shows strong acyl specificity. This suggest that the specificity in cardiolipin composition is achieved through the remodeling steps. Mutation in the tafazzin gene disrupts the remodeling of cardiolipin and is the cause of Barth syndrome (BTHS), a X-linked human disease (PMID: 16973164). BTHS patients seems to lack acyl specificity and as a result, there are many potential cardiolipin species that can exists (PMID: 16226238). Common fatty acyl chains determined through methods such as gas chromatography and high-performance liquid chromatography are used to generate various cardiolipins and a representative molecule is chosen from each variation.

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