Pseudoephedrine (BioDeep_00000014441)

 

Secondary id: BioDeep_00000405487, BioDeep_00000865071

human metabolite blood metabolite Chemicals and Drugs PANOMIX_OTCML-2023 natural product Volatile Flavor Compounds


代谢物信息卡片


(+) Threo-2-(methylamino)-1-phenyl-1-propanol

化学式: C10H15NO (165.115358)
中文名称: 伪麻黄碱
谱图信息: 最多检出来源 Homo sapiens(blood) 0.06%

Reviewed

Last reviewed on 2024-06-28.

Cite this Page

Pseudoephedrine. BioDeep Database v3. PANOMIX ltd, a top metabolomics service provider from China. https://query.biodeep.cn/s/pseudoephedrine (retrieved 2024-11-22) (BioDeep RN: BioDeep_00000014441). Licensed under the Attribution-Noncommercial 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC 4.0).

分子结构信息

SMILES: CC(C(C1=CC=CC=C1)O)NC
InChI: InChI=1S/C10H15NO/c1-8(11-2)10(12)9-6-4-3-5-7-9/h3-8,10-12H,1-2H3/t8-,10+/m0/s1

描述信息

Pseudoephedrine (commonly abbreviated as PSE) is a sympathomimetic amine commonly used as a decongestant. The salts pseudoephedrine hydrochloride and pseudoephedrine sulfate are found in many over-the-counter preparations either as single ingredient preparations, or more commonly in combination with antihistamines, paracetamol and/or ibuprofen. Consumers often refer to it by a product which contains pseudoephedrine, such as Sudafed, the trademark for a common brand of pseudoephedrine hydrochloride in North America; Pseudoephedrine is a phenethylamine, and an isomer of ephedrine. Pseudoephedrine is the International Nonproprietary Name (INN) of the (1S,2S)- diastereomer of ephedrine (which has 1R,2S- configuration). Other names are (+)-pseudoephedrine and D-pseudoephedrine. (Reynolds, 1989) (-)-(1R,2R)-Pseudoephedrine is not used clinically, since it is associated with greater central nervous system (CNS) stimulatory effects. (+)-(1S,2S)-Pseudoephedrine is a less-potent CNS stimulant, yet it retains its efficacy as a decongestant. -- Wikipedia; Pseudoephedrine is a sympathomimetic amine - that is, its principal mechanism of action relies on its indirect action on the adrenergic receptor system. While it may have weak agonist activity at adrenergic receptors, the principal mechanism is to displace noradrenaline from storage vesicles in presynaptic neurons. The displaced noradrenaline is released into the neuronal synapse where it is free to activate the aforementioned postsynaptic adrenergic receptors. -- Wikipedia; Pseudoephedrine is a phenethylamine, and an isomer of ephedrine. Pseudoephedrine is the International Nonproprietary Name (INN) of the (1S,2S)- diastereomer of ephedrine (which has 1R,2S- configuration). Other names are (+)-pseudoephedrine and D-pseudoephedrine (Reynolds, 1989). The enantiomer (-)-(1R,2R)-Pseudoephedrine has fewer side-effects, fewer central nervous system (CNS) stimulatory effects, does not reduce to d-methamphetamine, yet retains its efficacy as a decongestant.[citation needed] However, the patent holder for (-)-Pseudoephedrine (Pfizer/Warner-Lambert) has not yet sought or received government approval for its sale to the public.(US Patent 6,495,529); Treatment for urinary incontinence is an unlabeled use for these medications. Unlabeled use means doctors can use the medication to treat a condition other than that for which it was first approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). These medications are approved by the FDA for the treatment of nasal congestion caused by colds or allergies. However it has also been succesful in treating stress incontinence by increasing the pressure (tension) exerted by the muscles of the bladder neck and the urethra, which helps retain the urine within the bladder; An alpha and beta adrenergic agonist that may also enhance release of norepinephrine. It has been used in the treatment of several disorders including asthma, heart failure, rhinitis, and urinary incontinence, and for its central nervous system stimulatory effects in the treatment of narcolepsy and depression. It has become less extensively used with the advent of more selective agonists; Pseudoephedrine is a sympathomimetic amine commonly used as a decongestant. The salts pseudoephedrine hydrochloride and pseudoephedrine sulfate are found in many over-the-counter preparations either as single-ingredient preparations, or more commonly in combination with antihistamines, paracetamol and/or ibuprofen. It is often referred to by consumers as Sudafed, which is the trademark for a common brand of pseudoephedrine hydrochloride. -- Wikipedia; Pseudoephedrine is a sympathomimetic amine - that is, its principal mechanism of action relies on its indirect action on the adrenergic receptor system. While it may have weak agonist activity at alpha and beta adrenergic receptors, the principal mechanism is to displace noradrenaline from storage vesicles in presynaptic neurons. The displaced noradrenaline is re...
Pseudoephedrine is a member of the class of phenylethanolamines that is (1S)-2-(methylamino)-1-phenylethan-1-ol in which the pro-S hydrogen at position 2 is replaced by a methyl group. It has a role as a sympathomimetic agent, an anti-asthmatic drug, a bronchodilator agent, a vasoconstrictor agent, a central nervous system drug, a nasal decongestant, a xenobiotic and a plant metabolite. It is a secondary alcohol, a secondary amino compound and a member of phenylethanolamines. It is a conjugate base of a pseudoephedrine(1+). Pseudoephedrine is a sympathomimetic drug of the phenethylamine and amphetamine chemical classes. It may be used as a nasal/sinus decongestant, as a stimulant, or as a wakefulness-promoting agent in higher doses. It was first characterized in 1889, by the German chemists Ladenburg and Oelschlägel, who used a sample that had been isolated from Ephedra vulgaris by the Merck pharmaceutical corporation of Darmstadt, Germany. The salts pseudoephedrine hydrochloride and pseudoephedrine sulfate are found in many over-the-counter preparations, either as a single ingredient or (more commonly) in a fixed-dose combination with one or more additional active ingredients such as antihistamines, guaifenesin, dextromethorphan, paracetamol (acetaminophen) or an NSAID (such as aspirin or ibuprofen). At first, pseudoephedrine was known as a natural substance that occurs in shrubs of the Ephedra genus, which grow worldwide. Almost all commercial pseudoephedrine, however, is produced by fermenting dextrose in the presence of benzaldehyde. The primary product, (R)-phenylacetylcarbinol, is aminated to make pseudoephedrine. Pseudoephedrine acts on α- and β2-adrenergic receptors, to cause vasoconstriction and relaxation of smooth muscle in the bronchi, respectively. α-Adrenergic receptors are located on the muscles lining the walls of blood vessels. When these receptors are activated, the muscles contract, causing the blood vessels to constrict (vasoconstriction). The constricted blood vessels now allow less fluid to leave the blood vessels and enter the nose, throat and sinus linings, which results in decreased inflammation of nasal membranes, as well as decreased mucus production. Thus, by constriction of blood vessels, mainly those located in the nasal passages, pseudoephedrine causes a decrease in the symptoms of nasal congestion. Activation of β2-adrenergic receptors produces relaxation of smooth muscle of the bronchi, causing bronchial dilation and in turn decreasing congestion (although not fluid) and difficulty breathing.

Pseudoephedrine. CAS Common Chemistry. CAS, a division of the American Chemical Society, n.d. https://commonchemistry.cas.org/detail?cas_rn=90-82-4 (retrieved 2024-06-28) (CAS RN: 90-82-4). Licensed under the Attribution-Noncommercial 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC 4.0).

同义名列表

36 个代谢物同义名

(+) Threo-2-(methylamino)-1-phenyl-1-propanol; (1S,2S)-2-(methylamino)-1-phenylpropan-1-ol; D-Psi-2-methylamino-1-phenyl-1-propanol; 2-(Methylamino)-1-phenyl-1-propanol; pseudoephedrine hydrochloride; (+)-(1S,2S)-Pseudoephedrine; (1S,2S)-(+)-Pseudoephedrine; Pseudoephedrine ephedrine; Threo isomer OF ephedrine; (1S,2S)-Pseudoephedrine; Pseudoephedrine D-form; D-Pseudoephedrine base; Ephedrine threo isomer; L-(+)-Pseudoephedrine; Pseudoephedrine HCL; (+)-Threo-ephedrine; (+)-Pseudoephedrine; L(+)-Psi-ephedrine; (+)-Psi-ephedrine; D-Pseudoephedrine; Pseudoephedrinum; trans-Ephedrine; pseudoephedrine; D-Psi-ephedrine; Pseudoefedrina; D-Isoephedrine; Psi-ephedrine; Isoephedrine; Psi-ephedrin; 1-Ephedrine; Neodurasina; Acunaso; Sudafed; Novafed; Besan; Pseudoephedrine



数据库引用编号

19 个数据库交叉引用编号

分类词条

相关代谢途径

Reactome(0)

BioCyc(1)

PlantCyc(1)

代谢反应

2 个相关的代谢反应过程信息。

Reactome(0)

BioCyc(1)

WikiPathways(0)

Plant Reactome(0)

INOH(0)

PlantCyc(1)

COVID-19 Disease Map(0)

PathBank(0)

PharmGKB(0)

103 个相关的物种来源信息

在这里通过桑基图来展示出与当前的这个代谢物在我们的BioDeep知识库中具有相关联信息的其他代谢物。在这里进行关联的信息来源主要有：

  • PubMed: 来源于PubMed文献库中的文献信息，我们通过自然语言数据挖掘得到的在同一篇文献中被同时提及的相关代谢物列表，这个列表按照代谢物同时出现的文献数量降序排序，取前10个代谢物作为相关研究中关联性很高的代谢物集合展示在桑基图中。
  • NCBI Taxonomy: 通过文献数据挖掘，得到的代谢物物种来源信息关联。这个关联信息同样按照出现的次数降序排序，取前10个代谢物作为高关联度的代谢物集合展示在桑吉图上。
  • Chemical Taxonomy: 在物质分类上处于同一个分类集合中的其他代谢物
  • Chemical Reaction: 在化学反应过程中，存在为当前代谢物相关联的生化反应过程中的反应底物或者反应产物的关联代谢物信息。

点击图上的相关代谢物的名称，可以跳转到相关代谢物的信息页面。



文献列表

  • Jiatai Yin, Yiheng Gou, Yiheng Wang, Qingyuan Ma, Rui Wang, Jing Yu, Yajun Zhang, Jing Wang, Qian Li, Xinfeng Zhao. Can the heptapeptide ASSIVSF of the β2-adrenoceptor recognize ephedrine and pseudoephedrine epimers in a complex system?. Journal of chromatography. A. 2024 May; 1722(?):464857. doi: 10.1016/j.chroma.2024.464857. [PMID: 38569445]
  • Celestine Nwabu Ekweogu, Emmanuel Iroha Akubugwo, Okezie Emmanuel, Chidi Ijeoma Nosiri, Mercylyn Ezinne Uche, Oluwapelumi Eniola Adurosakin, Solomon Nnah Ijioma, Eziuche Amadike Ugbogu. Phytochemical profiling, toxicity studies, wound healing, analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities of Musa paradisiaca L. Musaceae (Plantain) stem extract in rats. Journal of ethnopharmacology. 2024 Mar; 322(?):117639. doi: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.117639. [PMID: 38135229]
  • Yue-Chiun Li, Chia-Hung Wu, Thi Ha Le, Qingjun Yuan, Luqi Huang, Guo-Fen Chen, Mei-Lin Yang, Sio-Hong Lam, Hsin-Yi Hung, Handong Sun, Yi-Hung Wu, Ping-Chung Kuo, Tian-Shung Wu. A Modified 1H-NMR Quantification Method of Ephedrine Alkaloids in Ephedrae Herba Samples. International journal of molecular sciences. 2023 Jul; 24(14):. doi: 10.3390/ijms241411272. [PMID: 37511036]
  • Nikolaos Rousis, Richard Bade, Iván Romero-Sánchez, Jochen F Mueller, Nikolaos S Thomaidis, Kevin V Thomas, Emma Gracia-Lor. Festivals following the easing of COVID-19 restrictions: Prevalence of new psychoactive substances and illicit drugs. Environment international. 2023 Jun; 178(?):108075. doi: 10.1016/j.envint.2023.108075. [PMID: 37399770]
  • Qingge Zheng, Xiangyu Mu, Shaobin Pan, Ruqiao Luan, Pan Zhao. Ephedrae herba: A comprehensive review of its traditional uses, phytochemistry, pharmacology, and toxicology. Journal of ethnopharmacology. 2023 May; 307(?):116153. doi: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.116153. [PMID: 36641108]
  • Mitsuhiko Nose, Risa Kobayashi, Momoka Tada, Shinsuke Hisaka, Sayaka Masada, Masato Homma, Takashi Hakamatsuka. Comparison of ephedrine and pseudoephedrine contents in 34 Kampo extracts containing Ephedrae Herba used clinically in Japan. Journal of natural medicines. 2023 Mar; ?(?):. doi: 10.1007/s11418-023-01687-w. [PMID: 36854954]
  • Yoshitomi Kudo, Hirokazu Ando, Ai Kaneda, Honoka Ito, Kazuki Umemoto, Si-Ran Ni, Masayuki Mikage, Yohei Sasaki. Evaluation of rooting characteristics of Ephedra cuttings by anatomy and promising strain selection based on rooting characteristics and alkaloid content. Journal of natural medicines. 2023 Mar; 77(2):327-342. doi: 10.1007/s11418-023-01680-3. [PMID: 36680565]
  • Xuedan Huang, Sumiko Hyuga, Yoshiaki Amakura, Masashi Hyuga, Nahoko Uchiyama, Takashi Hakamatsuka, Yukihiro Goda, Hiroshi Odaguchi, Toshihiko Hanawa, Yoshinori Kobayashi. Overlooked switch from transient sedation to sustained excitement in the Biphasic effects of Ephedra Herb extract administered orally to mice. Journal of ethnopharmacology. 2023 Jan; 301(?):115827. doi: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.115827. [PMID: 36240977]
  • Hajime Hiyama, Yosuke Yoshioka, Ryo Ohsawa. Evaluation of the Influence of Genetic and Environmental Factors on the Ephedrine Alkaloids Content of Ephedra sinica. Biological & pharmaceutical bulletin. 2023; 46(12):1692-1698. doi: 10.1248/bpb.b23-00374. [PMID: 38044092]
  • Longfei Guo, Ping He, Yuan He, Yu Gao, Xiaoting Zhang, Tongtong Huo, Cheng Peng, Fanyun Meng. Predicting the comprehensive geospatial pattern of two ephedrine-type alkaloids for Ephedra sinica in Inner Mongolia. PloS one. 2023; 18(4):e0283967. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0283967. [PMID: 37083689]
  • Mengnan Lu, Yongjuan Zhang, Shiyan Wang, Xiaona Wang, Shengnan Zhang, Ji De. Ephedrine and pseudoephedrine in Ephedra saxatilis on the vertical altitude gradient changed in southern Tibet Plateau, China. PloS one. 2023; 18(8):e0290696. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0290696. [PMID: 37624827]
  • Shingen Misaka, Yuko Ono, R Verena Taudte, Eva Hoier, Hiroshi Ogata, Tomoyuki Ono, Jörg König, Hiroshi Watanabe, Martin F Fromm, Kenju Shimomura. Exposure of Fexofenadine, but Not Pseudoephedrine, Is Markedly Decreased by Green Tea Extract in Healthy Volunteers. Clinical pharmacology and therapeutics. 2022 09; 112(3):627-634. doi: 10.1002/cpt.2682. [PMID: 35678032]
  • Yang Fu, PeiPei Yuan, Yajuan Zheng, Liyuan Gao, Yaxin Wei, Yi Chen, Panying Li, Yuan Ruan, Xiaoke Zheng, Weisheng Feng. Ephedra herb reduces adriamycin-induced testicular toxicity by upregulating the gonadotropin-releasing hormone signalling pathway. Biomedicine & pharmacotherapy = Biomedecine & pharmacotherapie. 2022 Jun; 150(?):113061. doi: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113061. [PMID: 35658231]
  • Chunying Song, Dongping Yu, Gaowa Jin, Junjie Ding, Han Zhou, Zhimou Guo, Xinmiao Liang. High-performance liquid chromatography quantitative analysis of ephedrine alkaloids in Ephedrae Herba on a perfluorooctyl stationary phase. Journal of separation science. 2022 Mar; 45(5):1051-1058. doi: 10.1002/jssc.202100645. [PMID: 34984820]
  • Sooyoung Lee, Wang-Seob Shim, Heejo Yoo, Sanghee Choi, Jiyoung Yoon, Kwang-Young Lee, Eun-Kyoung Chung, Byung-Cheol Lee, Sung-Vin Yim, Bo-Hyung Kim, Kyung-Tae Lee. A Pharmacokinetic Study of Ephedrine and Pseudoephedrine after Oral Administration of Ojeok-San by Validated LC-MS/MS Method in Human Plasma. Molecules (Basel, Switzerland). 2021 Nov; 26(22):. doi: 10.3390/molecules26226991. [PMID: 34834083]
  • Shaopeng Yu, Yao Chen, Yusen Xiang, He Lin, Mengge Wang, Wenbo Ye, Pei Zhang, Hongzhuan Chen, Guoqiang Lin, Yuying Zhu, Lili Chen, Jiange Zhang. Pseudoephedrine and its derivatives antagonize wild and mutated severe acute respiratory syndrome-CoV-2 viruses through blocking virus invasion and antiinflammatory effect. Phytotherapy research : PTR. 2021 Oct; 35(10):5847-5860. doi: 10.1002/ptr.7245. [PMID: 34472141]
  • Jeong Sun Sohn, Jin-Seok Choi. Development and evaluation of pseudoephedrine hydrochloride abuse-deterrent formulations using thermal modified rice starch. International journal of biological macromolecules. 2021 Jul; 182(?):1248-1258. doi: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.05.055. [PMID: 33992650]
  • Hiroyuki Fuchino, Osamu Iida, Noriaki Kawano, Nobuo Kawahara, Kayo Yoshimatsu. One-pot discriminant LC/MS quantitative analysis of ephedrine and pseudoephedrine using Finger Masher and their distribution in the aerial stems of Ephedra plants. Journal of natural medicines. 2021 Jun; 75(3):707-716. doi: 10.1007/s11418-021-01494-1. [PMID: 33599897]
  • Olga Guselnikova, Hyunsoo Lim, Jongbeom Na, Miharu Eguchi, Hyun-Jong Kim, Roman Elashnikov, Pavel Postnikov, Vaclav Svorcik, Oleg Semyonov, Elena Miliutina, Oleksiy Lyutakov, Yusuke Yamauchi. Enantioselective SERS sensing of pseudoephedrine in blood plasma biomatrix by hierarchical mesoporous Au films coated with a homochiral MOF. Biosensors & bioelectronics. 2021 May; 180(?):113109. doi: 10.1016/j.bios.2021.113109. [PMID: 33677356]
  • Hsin-Yi Hung, Shih-Min Lin, Chia-Ying Li, Sio-Hong Lam, Yu-Yi Chan, Meei-Jen Liou, Po-Chuen Shieh, Fu-An Chen, Ping-Chung Kuo, Tian-Shung Wu. A Rapid and Feasible 1H-NMR Quantification Method of Ephedrine Alkaloids in Ephedra Herbal Preparations. Molecules (Basel, Switzerland). 2021 Mar; 26(6):. doi: 10.3390/molecules26061599. [PMID: 33805790]
  • Hajime Hiyama, Aya Ozawa, Bunsho Makino, Yosuke Yoshioka, Ryo Ohsawa. Stability and Reproducibility of Ephedra sinica Ephedrine Alkaloid Content and Terrestrial Stem Dry Weight. Biological & pharmaceutical bulletin. 2021; 44(11):1781-1789. doi: 10.1248/bpb.b21-00599. [PMID: 34719654]
  • Jonathan Q Tran, Peijin Zhang, Susan Walker, Atalanta Ghosh, Mary Syto, Xiaomin Wang, Sarah Harris, Maria Palmisano. Multiple-Dose Pharmacokinetics of Ozanimod and its Major Active Metabolites and the Pharmacodynamic and Pharmacokinetic Interactions with Pseudoephedrine, a Sympathomimetic Agent, in Healthy Subjects. Advances in therapy. 2020 12; 37(12):4944-4958. doi: 10.1007/s12325-020-01500-0. [PMID: 33025342]
  • Xiaolei Chen, Jiacheng Lin, Qingsong Liang, Xiaoyin Chen, Zhongping Wu. Pseudoephedrine alleviates atopic dermatitis-like inflammatory responses in vivo and in vitro. Life sciences. 2020 Oct; 258(?):118139. doi: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.118139. [PMID: 32721463]
  • Salvatore Febbraro, Tim Shea, Ana Santos Cravo. Bioavailability of Triprolidine as a Single Agent or in Combination With Pseudoephedrine: A Randomized, Open-Label Crossover Study in Healthy Volunteers. Clinical pharmacology in drug development. 2020 05; 9(4):486-495. doi: 10.1002/cpdd.777. [PMID: 32133778]
  • Ziyaur Rahman, Mohammad S Aqueel, Maxwell Korang-Yeboah, Ahmed S Zidan, Jia Chen, Alaadin Y Alayoubi, Celia N Cruz, Muhammad Ashraf. Evaluation of commercially available meth-deterrent pseudoephedrine hydrochloride products. International journal of pharmaceutics. 2020 Feb; 575(?):118909. doi: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2019.118909. [PMID: 31811923]
  • Małgorzata Łabańska, Patrycja Ciosek-Skibińska, Wojciech Wróblewski. Critical Evaluation of Laboratory Potentiometric Electronic Tongues for Pharmaceutical Analysis-An Overview. Sensors (Basel, Switzerland). 2019 Dec; 19(24):. doi: 10.3390/s19245376. [PMID: 31817537]
  • M Volpp, U Holzgrabe. Determination of plasma protein binding for sympathomimetic drugs by means of ultrafiltration. European journal of pharmaceutical sciences : official journal of the European Federation for Pharmaceutical Sciences. 2019 Jan; 127(?):175-184. doi: 10.1016/j.ejps.2018.10.027. [PMID: 30391401]
  • Shunsuke Nakamori, Jun Takahashi, Sumiko Hyuga, Jinwei Yang, Hiroaki Takemoto, Takuro Maruyama, Naohiro Oshima, Nahoko Uchiyama, Yoshiaki Amakura, Masashi Hyuga, Takashi Hakamatsuka, Yukihiro Goda, Hiroshi Odaguchi, Toshihiko Hanawa, Yoshinori Kobayashi. Analgesic Effects of Ephedra Herb Extract, Ephedrine Alkaloids-Free Ephedra Herb Extract, Ephedrine, and Pseudoephedrine on Formalin-Induced Pain. Biological & pharmaceutical bulletin. 2019; 42(9):1538-1544. doi: 10.1248/bpb.b19-00260. [PMID: 31474713]
  • Hiroaki Hayashi, Musavvara Shukurova, Shihoko Oikawa, Minami Ohta, Isao Fujii, Firuza Nasyrova, Kurbon Aliev, Hikmat Hisoriev, Inoyat Fattokhov, Madibron Saidov. Field Survey of Ephedra Plants in Central Asia (1). Characterization of Ephedra equisetina, Ephedra intermedia, and Their Putative Hybrids Collected in the Zaravshan Mountains of Tajikistan. Biological & pharmaceutical bulletin. 2019; 42(4):552-560. doi: 10.1248/bpb.b18-00289. [PMID: 30930415]
  • Jeremy S Morris, Ryan A Groves, Jillian M Hagel, Peter J Facchini. An N-methyltransferase from Ephedra sinica catalyzing the formation of ephedrine and pseudoephedrine enables microbial phenylalkylamine production. The Journal of biological chemistry. 2018 08; 293(35):13364-13376. doi: 10.1074/jbc.ra118.004067. [PMID: 29929980]
  • Cuimei Liu, Peipei Liu, Wei Jia, Yingfeng Fan. Carbon and Nitrogen Stable Isotope Analyses of Ephedra Plant and Ephedrine Samples and Their Application For Methamphetamine Profiling. Journal of forensic sciences. 2018 Jul; 63(4):1053-1058. doi: 10.1111/1556-4029.13692. [PMID: 29193073]
  • Shuhua Deng, Wencan Huang, Xiaojia Ni, Ming Zhang, Haoyang Lu, Zhanzhang Wang, Jinqing Hu, Xiuqing Zhu, Chang Qiu, Dewei Shang, Yuefeng Zhang, Linghui Xiong, Yuguan Wen. Pharmacokinetics of guaifenesin, pseudoephedrine and hydrocodone in a combination oral liquid formulation, administered as single and multiple doses in healthy Chinese volunteers, and comparison with data for individual compounds formulated as Antuss®. Xenobiotica; the fate of foreign compounds in biological systems. 2017 Oct; 47(10):870-878. doi: 10.1080/00498254.2016.1241451. [PMID: 27662264]
  • O Shoshany, N Abhyankar, J Elyaguov, C Niederberger. Efficacy of treatment with pseudoephedrine in men with retrograde ejaculation. Andrology. 2017 07; 5(4):744-748. doi: 10.1111/andr.12361. [PMID: 28380686]
  • Jia-Yu Tong, Jung Chao, Yun-Tao Dai, Zi-Quan Fan, Dan-Dan Wang, Xue-Mei Qin, Shi-Lin Chen. [Establish quality evaluation system for standard Ephedrae Herba decoction]. Zhongguo Zhong yao za zhi = Zhongguo zhongyao zazhi = China journal of Chinese materia medica. 2017 Mar; 42(5):823-829. doi: 10.19540/j.cnki.cjcmm.20170121.011. [PMID: 28994520]
  • Hajime Hiyama, Aya Ozawa, Hiroaki Kumazawa, Osami Takeda. Stabilization of Ephedrine Alkaloid Content in Ephedra sinica by Selective Breeding and Stolon Propagation. Biological & pharmaceutical bulletin. 2017; 40(1):43-48. doi: 10.1248/bpb.b16-00531. [PMID: 28049947]
  • Eun Sook Jeong, Ki Hun Kim, Eunju Cha, Oh-Seung Kwon, Sangwon Cha, Jaeick Lee. Direct and rapid quantitation of ephedrines in human urine by paper spray ionization/high resolution mass spectrometry. Journal of chromatography. B, Analytical technologies in the biomedical and life sciences. 2016 Aug; 1028(?):237-241. doi: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2016.06.040. [PMID: 27393909]
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  • Mengying Lv, Jianbo Sun, Min Wang, Wanqiu Huang, Hongyan Fan, Fengguo Xu, Zunjian Zhang. GC-MS based metabolomics study of stems and roots of Ephedra sinica. Journal of pharmaceutical and biomedical analysis. 2015 Oct; 114(?):49-52. doi: 10.1016/j.jpba.2015.04.035. [PMID: 26004227]
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