Uridine diphosphategalactose (BioDeep_00000014332)

   

natural product human metabolite PANOMIX_OTCML-2023 Endogenous


代谢物信息卡片


[({[(2R,3S,4R,5R)-5-(2,4-dioxo-1,2,3,4-tetrahydropyrimidin-1-yl)-3,4-dihydroxyoxolan-2-yl]methoxy}(hydroxy)phosphoryl)oxy]({[(2R,3R,4S,5R,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy})phosphinic acid

化学式: C15H24N2O17P2 (566.0550194)
中文名称: UDP-GAL(UDP-半乳糖), UDP-半乳糖
谱图信息: 最多检出来源 Homo sapiens(urine) 0.31%

分子结构信息

SMILES: C1=CN(C(=O)NC1=O)C2C(C(C(O2)COP(=O)(O)OP(=O)(O)OC3C(C(C(C(O3)CO)O)O)O)O)O
InChI: InChI=1S/C15H24N2O17P2/c18-3-5-8(20)10(22)12(24)14(32-5)33-36(28,29)34-35(26,27)30-4-6-9(21)11(23)13(31-6)17-2-1-7(19)16-15(17)25/h1-2,5-6,8-14,18,20-24H,3-4H2,(H,26,27)(H,28,29)(H,16,19,25)/t5-,6-,8+,9-,10+,11-,12-,13-,14-/m1/s1

描述信息

Uridine diphosphategalactose (UDPgal) is a nucleoside diphosphate sugar which can be epimerized into UDPglucose for entry into the mainstream of carbohydrate metabolism. UDPgal is a pivotal compound in the metabolism of galactose. UDPgal is a product of the galactose-l-phosphate uridyl transferase (EC 2.7.7.10) reaction but may also be made from Glucose-l-P, involving uridine diphosphate galactose-4-epimerase (EC 5.1.3.2). UDPgal is the necessary galactosyl donor of galactose in the metabolism to incorporate it into complex oligosaccharides, glycoproteins and glycolipids (galactosides). Defective galactosylation of complex glycoconjugates exists in tissues from galactosemic patients. There is a tendency for galactosemic red cell UDPgal to be in the low normal range with a high uridine diphosphate glucose to UDP-gal ratio. This may reflect an inability of red cell UDPgal-4-epimerase to maintain a normal ratio and consequently higher levels of UDPgal. In the more complex white blood cells and cultured fibroblasts, the UDPgal content and the uridine diphosphate glucose to UDPgal ratio of galactosemics are normal. Therefore, defective galactosylation observed in galactosemic fibroblasts must result from a defect in the transfer of galactose from UDPgal to these moieties. (PMID: 2122114, 7671968) [HMDB]
Uridine diphosphategalactose (UDPgal) is a nucleoside diphosphate sugar which can be epimerized into UDPglucose for entry into the mainstream of carbohydrate metabolism. UDPgal is a pivotal compound in the metabolism of galactose. UDPgal is a product of the galactose-l-phosphate uridyl transferase (EC 2.7.7.10) reaction but may also be made from Glucose-l-P, involving uridine diphosphate galactose-4-epimerase (EC 5.1.3.2). UDPgal is the necessary galactosyl donor of galactose in the metabolism to incorporate it into complex oligosaccharides, glycoproteins and glycolipids (galactosides). Defective galactosylation of complex glycoconjugates exists in tissues from galactosemic patients. There is a tendency for galactosemic red cell UDPgal to be in the low normal range with a high uridine diphosphate glucose to UDP-gal ratio. This may reflect an inability of red cell UDPgal-4-epimerase to maintain a normal ratio and consequently higher levels of UDPgal. In the more complex white blood cells and cultured fibroblasts, the UDPgal content and the uridine diphosphate glucose to UDPgal ratio of galactosemics are normal. Therefore, defective galactosylation observed in galactosemic fibroblasts must result from a defect in the transfer of galactose from UDPgal to these moieties. (PMID: 2122114, 7671968).
Acquisition and generation of the data is financially supported in part by CREST/JST.
COVID info from COVID-19 Disease Map
Corona-virus
Coronavirus
SARS-CoV-2
COVID-19
SARS-CoV
COVID19
SARS2
SARS

同义名列表

52 个代谢物同义名

[({[(2R,3S,4R,5R)-5-(2,4-dioxo-1,2,3,4-tetrahydropyrimidin-1-yl)-3,4-dihydroxyoxolan-2-yl]methoxy}(hydroxy)phosphoryl)oxy]({[(2R,3R,4S,5R,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy})phosphinic acid; {[(2R,3S,4R,5R)-5-(2,4-dioxo-3H-pyrimidin-1-yl)-3,4-dihydroxyoxolan-2-yl]methoxy(hydroxy)phosphoryl}oxy([(2R,3R,4S,5R,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy)phosphinic acid; Uridine 5-[3-(D-galactopyranosyl) dihydrogen diphosphate]; Uridine pyrophosphate alpha-D-galactopyranosyl ester; Uridine 5-(alpha-D-galactopyranosyl pyrophosphate); Uridine 5-pyrophosphate a-D-galactopyranosyl ester; Uridine pyrophosphate a-D-galactopyranosyl ester; Uridine[5]diphospho[1]-α-D-galactopyranose; Uridine 5-pyrophosphate alpha-D-galactosyl ester; Uridine 5’-(α-D-galactopyranosyl pyrophosphate); Uridine 5-(α-D-galactopyranosyl pyrophosphate); Uridine 5-pyrophosphate a-D-galactosyl ester; Uridine 5-pyrophosphate D-galactosyl ester; Uridine-5-diphosphogalactose disodium salt; Uridine diphosphoric acid galactose; Uridine 5’-diphosphate galactose; Uridine 5-diphosphate galactose; Galactose-uridine-5-diphosphate; Uridine diphosphate-D-galactose; Galactose, uridine diphosphate; Diphosphate galactose, uridine; Uridine 5’-diphosphogalactose; Uridine diphosphate-galactose; Uridine-diphosphate-galactose; Pyrophosphogalactose, uridine; Uridine diphosphate galactose; Uridine pyrophosphogalactose; Uridinediphosphate galactose; Uridine 5-diphosphogalactose; Uridine diphosphategalactose; UDP-Galactose disodium salt; Diphosphogalactose, uridine; UDP-alpha-D-Galactopyranose; Uridine diphosphogalactose; Uridinediphosphogalactose; UDP-a-D-Galactopyranose; UDP-α-D-galactopyranose; UDP-D-Galactopyranose; UDP-alpha-D-Galactose; UDP-galactopyranose; UDP-a-D-Galactose; UDP-α-D-Galactose; UDP-D-galactose; Galactose, UDP; UDP Galactose; UDP-Galactose; UDPgalactose; UDP-Gal; Udpgal; GDU; UPG; Uridine diphosphategalactose(UDP-galactose)



数据库引用编号

34 个数据库交叉引用编号

分类词条

相关代谢途径

Reactome(0)

BioCyc(4)

PlantCyc(0)

代谢反应

50 个相关的代谢反应过程信息。

Reactome(0)

BioCyc(7)

WikiPathways(3)

Plant Reactome(0)

INOH(3)

PlantCyc(0)

COVID-19 Disease Map(1)

PathBank(36)

PharmGKB(0)

3 个相关的物种来源信息

在这里通过桑基图来展示出与当前的这个代谢物在我们的BioDeep知识库中具有相关联信息的其他代谢物。在这里进行关联的信息来源主要有：

  • PubMed: 来源于PubMed文献库中的文献信息，我们通过自然语言数据挖掘得到的在同一篇文献中被同时提及的相关代谢物列表，这个列表按照代谢物同时出现的文献数量降序排序，取前10个代谢物作为相关研究中关联性很高的代谢物集合展示在桑基图中。
  • NCBI Taxonomy: 通过文献数据挖掘，得到的代谢物物种来源信息关联。这个关联信息同样按照出现的次数降序排序，取前10个代谢物作为高关联度的代谢物集合展示在桑吉图上。
  • Chemical Taxonomy: 在物质分类上处于同一个分类集合中的其他代谢物
  • Chemical Reaction: 在化学反应过程中，存在为当前代谢物相关联的生化反应过程中的反应底物或者反应产物的关联代谢物信息。

点击图上的相关代谢物的名称，可以跳转到相关代谢物的信息页面。



文献列表

  • Lihua Wang-Eckhardt, Ivonne Becker, Matthias Eckhardt. The PGRMC1 Antagonist AG-205 Inhibits Synthesis of Galactosylceramide and Sulfatide. Cells. 2021 12; 10(12):. doi: 10.3390/cells10123520. [PMID: 34944026]
  • Yiyi Gong, Panpan Zhang, Zheng Liu, Jieqiong Li, Hui Lu, Yujie Wang, Bintao Qiu, Mu Wang, Yunyun Fei, Hua Chen, Linyi Peng, Jing Li, Jiaxin Zhou, Qun Shi, Xuan Zhang, Min Shen, Xiaofeng Zeng, Fengchun Zhang, Wen Zhang. UPLC-MS based plasma metabolomics and lipidomics reveal alterations associated with IgG4-related disease. Rheumatology (Oxford, England). 2021 07; 60(7):3252-3261. doi: 10.1093/rheumatology/keaa775. [PMID: 33341881]
  • Chenying Dong, Diange Li, Ru Wang, Jian Chu, Zhongying Gong, Dawei Zhou. Expression, purification, and characterization of a new Glucosyltransferase involved in the third step of O-antigen repeating-unit biosynthesis of Escherichia coli O152. Glycoconjugate journal. 2020 04; 37(2):139-149. doi: 10.1007/s10719-020-09907-1. [PMID: 31974821]
  • Yan Yang, Ying-Ying Wang, Min-Zhi Liu, Zhi-Ying Sun, Wei Wang. cDNA isolation and functional characterization of UDP-glucose 4-epimerase from Davallia divaricate. Journal of Asian natural products research. 2020 Mar; 22(3):271-278. doi: 10.1080/10286020.2019.1703697. [PMID: 31888381]
  • Meng Zhang, Fu-Dong Li, Kai Li, Zi-Long Wang, Yu-Xi Wang, Jun-Bin He, Hui-Fei Su, Zhong-Yi Zhang, Chang-Biao Chi, Xiao-Meng Shi, Cai-Hong Yun, Zhi-Yong Zhang, Zhen-Ming Liu, Liang-Ren Zhang, Dong-Hui Yang, Ming Ma, Xue Qiao, Min Ye. Functional Characterization and Structural Basis of an Efficient Di-C-glycosyltransferase from Glycyrrhiza glabra. Journal of the American Chemical Society. 2020 02; 142(7):3506-3512. doi: 10.1021/jacs.9b12211. [PMID: 31986016]
  • Bobby G Ng, Paulina Sosicka, Satish Agadi, Mohammed Almannai, Carlos A Bacino, Rita Barone, Lorenzo D Botto, Jennifer E Burton, Colleen Carlston, Brian Hon-Yin Chung, Julie S Cohen, David Coman, Katrina M Dipple, Naghmeh Dorrani, William B Dobyns, Abdallah F Elias, Leon Epstein, William A Gahl, Domenico Garozzo, Trine Bjørg Hammer, Jaclyn Haven, Delphine Héron, Matthew Herzog, George E Hoganson, Jesse M Hunter, Mahim Jain, Jane Juusola, Shenela Lakhani, Hane Lee, Joy Lee, Katherine Lewis, Nicola Longo, Charles Marques Lourenço, Christopher C Y Mak, Dianalee McKnight, Bryce A Mendelsohn, Cyril Mignot, Ghayda Mirzaa, Wendy Mitchell, Hiltrud Muhle, Stanley F Nelson, Mariusz Olczak, Christina G S Palmer, Arthur Partikian, Marc C Patterson, Tyler M Pierson, Shane C Quinonez, Brigid M Regan, M Elizabeth Ross, Maria J Guillen Sacoto, Fernando Scaglia, Ingrid E Scheffer, Devorah Segal, Nilika Shah Singhal, Pasquale Striano, Luisa Sturiale, Joseph D Symonds, Sha Tang, Eric Vilain, Mary Willis, Lynne A Wolfe, Hui Yang, Shoji Yano, Zöe Powis, Sharon F Suchy, Jill A Rosenfeld, Andrew C Edmondson, Stephanie Grunewald, Hudson H Freeze. SLC35A2-CDG: Functional characterization, expanded molecular, clinical, and biochemical phenotypes of 30 unreported Individuals. Human mutation. 2019 07; 40(7):908-925. doi: 10.1002/humu.23731. [PMID: 30817854]
  • Sandy M Wong, Mary Darby Jackson, Brian J Akerley. Suppression of Alternative Lipooligosaccharide Glycosyltransferase Activity by UDP-Galactose Epimerase Enhances Murine Lung Infection and Evasion of Serum IgM. Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology. 2019; 9(?):160. doi: 10.3389/fcimb.2019.00160. [PMID: 31157175]
  • Xiaoqiang Qi, Ming Ma, Lan Wang, Yang Zhang, Rong Jiang, Liping Bai, Yuan Li. Biochemical characterization of a novel bifunctional glycosyl-1-phosphate transferase involved in the exopolysaccharide biosynthesis. Biochemical and biophysical research communications. 2015 Sep; 465(1):113-8. doi: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2015.07.140. [PMID: 26235876]
  • Sheliang Wang, Toshiaki Ito, Masataka Uehara, Satoshi Naito, Junpei Takano. UDP-D-galactose synthesis by UDP-glucose 4-epimerase 4 is required for organization of the trans-Golgi network/early endosome in Arabidopsis thaliana root epidermal cells. Journal of plant research. 2015 Sep; 128(5):863-73. doi: 10.1007/s10265-015-0737-4. [PMID: 26013532]
  • Chitra Bhatia, Stephanie Oerum, James Bray, Kathryn L Kavanagh, Naeem Shafqat, Wyatt Yue, Udo Oppermann. Towards a systematic analysis of human short-chain dehydrogenases/reductases (SDR): Ligand identification and structure-activity relationships. Chemico-biological interactions. 2015 Jun; 234(?):114-25. doi: 10.1016/j.cbi.2014.12.013. [PMID: 25526675]
  • Estelle Garénaux, Mayumi Kanagawa, Tomoyuki Tsuchiyama, Kazuki Hori, Takeru Kanazawa, Ami Goshima, Mitsuru Chiba, Hiroshi Yasue, Akemi Ikeda, Yoshiki Yamaguchi, Chihiro Sato, Ken Kitajima. Discovery, primary, and crystal structures and capacitation-related properties of a prostate-derived heparin-binding protein WGA16 from boar sperm. The Journal of biological chemistry. 2015 Feb; 290(9):5484-501. doi: 10.1074/jbc.m114.635268. [PMID: 25568322]
  • Sanna Oikari, Tuula Venäläinen, Markku Tammi. Borate-aided anion exchange high-performance liquid chromatography of uridine diphosphate-sugars in brain, heart, adipose and liver tissues. Journal of chromatography. A. 2014 Jan; 1323(?):82-6. doi: 10.1016/j.chroma.2013.11.004. [PMID: 24309714]
  • René Jørgensen, Thomas Pesnot, Ho Jun Lee, Monica M Palcic, Gerd K Wagner. Base-modified donor analogues reveal novel dynamic features of a glycosyltransferase. The Journal of biological chemistry. 2013 Sep; 288(36):26201-26208. doi: 10.1074/jbc.m113.465963. [PMID: 23836908]
  • Kinnari B Patel, Ewa Ciepichal, Ewa Swiezewska, Miguel A Valvano. The C-terminal domain of the Salmonella enterica WbaP (UDP-galactose:Und-P galactose-1-phosphate transferase) is sufficient for catalytic activity and specificity for undecaprenyl monophosphate. Glycobiology. 2012 Jan; 22(1):116-22. doi: 10.1093/glycob/cwr114. [PMID: 21856724]
  • Changchang Xu, Bin Liu, Bo Hu, Yanfang Han, Lu Feng, John S Allingham, Walter A Szarek, Lei Wang, Inka Brockhausen. Biochemical characterization of UDP-Gal:GlcNAc-pyrophosphate-lipid β-1,4-Galactosyltransferase WfeD, a new enzyme from Shigella boydii type 14 that catalyzes the second step in O-antigen repeating-unit synthesis. Journal of bacteriology. 2011 Jan; 193(2):449-59. doi: 10.1128/jb.00737-10. [PMID: 21057010]
  • Junichi Seino, Kumiko Ishii, Takeshi Nakano, Nobuhiro Ishida, Masafumi Tsujimoto, Yasuhiro Hashimoto, Shou Takashima. Characterization of rice nucleotide sugar transporters capable of transporting UDP-galactose and UDP-glucose. Journal of biochemistry. 2010 Jul; 148(1):35-46. doi: 10.1093/jb/mvq031. [PMID: 20305274]
  • T Benned-Jensen, M M Rosenkilde. Distinct expression and ligand-binding profiles of two constitutively active GPR17 splice variants. British journal of pharmacology. 2010 Mar; 159(5):1092-105. doi: 10.1111/j.1476-5381.2009.00633.x. [PMID: 20148890]
  • Yusuke Ban, Satoru Kondo, Benjamin Ewa Ubi, Chikako Honda, Hideo Bessho, Takaya Moriguchi. UDP-sugar biosynthetic pathway: contribution to cyanidin 3-galactoside biosynthesis in apple skin. Planta. 2009 Oct; 230(5):871-81. doi: 10.1007/s00425-009-0993-4. [PMID: 19652996]
  • Hyojin Ko, Arijit Das, Rhonda L Carter, Ingrid P Fricks, Yixing Zhou, Andrei A Ivanov, Artem Melman, Bhalchandra V Joshi, Pavol Kovác, Jan Hajduch, Kenneth L Kirk, T Kendall Harden, Kenneth A Jacobson. Molecular recognition in the P2Y(14) receptor: Probing the structurally permissive terminal sugar moiety of uridine-5'-diphosphoglucose. Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry. 2009 Jul; 17(14):5298-311. doi: 10.1016/j.bmc.2009.05.024. [PMID: 19502066]
  • Ingrid P Fricks, Rhonda L Carter, Eduardo R Lazarowski, T Kendall Harden. Gi-dependent cell signaling responses of the human P2Y14 receptor in model cell systems. The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics. 2009 Jul; 330(1):162-8. doi: 10.1124/jpet.109.150730. [PMID: 19339661]
  • Frédérique Moyrand, Ingrid Lafontaine, Thierry Fontaine, Guilhem Janbon. UGE1 and UGE2 regulate the UDP-glucose/UDP-galactose equilibrium in Cryptococcus neoformans. Eukaryotic cell. 2008 Dec; 7(12):2069-77. doi: 10.1128/ec.00189-08. [PMID: 18820075]
  • Yngve Ostberg, Stefan Berg, Pär Comstedt, Ake Wieslander, Sven Bergström. Functional analysis of a lipid galactosyltransferase synthesizing the major envelope lipid in the Lyme disease spirochete Borrelia burgdorferi. FEMS microbiology letters. 2007 Jul; 272(1):22-9. doi: 10.1111/j.1574-6968.2007.00728.x. [PMID: 17456185]
  • M Coen, Y S Hong, T A Clayton, C M Rohde, J T Pearce, M D Reily, D G Robertson, E Holmes, J C Lindon, J K Nicholson. The mechanism of galactosamine toxicity revisited; a metabonomic study. Journal of proteome research. 2007 Jul; 6(7):2711-9. doi: 10.1021/pr070164f. [PMID: 17580851]
  • Hyojin Ko, Ingrid Fricks, Andrei A Ivanov, T Kendall Harden, Kenneth A Jacobson. Structure-activity relationship of uridine 5'-diphosphoglucose analogues as agonists of the human P2Y14 receptor. Journal of medicinal chemistry. 2007 May; 50(9):2030-9. doi: 10.1021/jm061222w. [PMID: 17407275]
  • Johannes Rösti, Christopher J Barton, Sandra Albrecht, Paul Dupree, Markus Pauly, Kim Findlay, Keith Roberts, Georg J Seifert. UDP-glucose 4-epimerase isoforms UGE2 and UGE4 cooperate in providing UDP-galactose for cell wall biosynthesis and growth of Arabidopsis thaliana. The Plant cell. 2007 May; 19(5):1565-79. doi: 10.1105/tpc.106.049619. [PMID: 17496119]
  • Paolo Ciana, Marta Fumagalli, Maria Letizia Trincavelli, Claudia Verderio, Patrizia Rosa, Davide Lecca, Silvia Ferrario, Chiara Parravicini, Valérie Capra, Paolo Gelosa, Uliano Guerrini, Silvia Belcredito, Mauro Cimino, Luigi Sironi, Elena Tremoli, G Enrico Rovati, Claudia Martini, Maria P Abbracchio. The orphan receptor GPR17 identified as a new dual uracil nucleotides/cysteinyl-leukotrienes receptor. The EMBO journal. 2006 Oct; 25(19):4615-27. doi: 10.1038/sj.emboj.7601341. [PMID: 16990797]
  • S Franken, D Wittke, J E Mansson, R D'Hooge, P P De Deyn, R Lüllmann-Rauch, U Matzner, V Gieselmann. Modest phenotypic improvements in ASA-deficient mice with only one UDP-galactose:ceramide-galactosyltransferase gene. Lipids in health and disease. 2006 Aug; 5(?):21. doi: 10.1186/1476-511x-5-21. [PMID: 16893448]
  • Lorena Norambuena, Ricardo Nilo, Michael Handford, Francisca Reyes, Lorena Marchant, Lee Meisel, Ariel Orellana. AtUTr2 is an Arabidopsis thaliana nucleotide sugar transporter located in the Golgi apparatus capable of transporting UDP-galactose. Planta. 2005 Oct; 222(3):521-9. doi: 10.1007/s00425-005-1557-x. [PMID: 15891899]
  • Lynn A Litterer, Kathryn L Plaisance, John W Gronwald, David A Somers. Assaying uridine diphosphoglucose dehydrogenase in the presence of alcohol dehydrogenase. Analytical biochemistry. 2005 Aug; 343(1):192-4. doi: 10.1016/j.ab.2005.03.050. [PMID: 16018874]
  • Hairong Huang, Michael S Scherman, Wim D'Haeze, Danny Vereecke, Marcelle Holsters, Dean C Crick, Michael R McNeil. Identification and active expression of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis gene encoding 5-phospho-{alpha}-d-ribose-1-diphosphate: decaprenyl-phosphate 5-phosphoribosyltransferase, the first enzyme committed to decaprenylphosphoryl-d-arabinose synthesis. The Journal of biological chemistry. 2005 Jul; 280(26):24539-43. doi: 10.1074/jbc.m504068200. [PMID: 15878857]
  • Pedro J Montoya-Peleaz, John G Riley, Walter A Szarek, Miguel A Valvano, John S Schutzbach, Inka Brockhausen. Identification of a UDP-Gal: GlcNAc-R galactosyltransferase activity in Escherichia coli VW187. Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters. 2005 Feb; 15(4):1205-11. doi: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2004.11.077. [PMID: 15686943]
  • Georg J Seifert, Christine Barber, Brian Wells, Keith Roberts. Growth regulators and the control of nucleotide sugar flux. The Plant cell. 2004 Mar; 16(3):723-30. doi: 10.1105/tpc.019661. [PMID: 14973160]
  • Amelie A Kelly, John E Froehlich, Peter Dörmann. Disruption of the two digalactosyldiacylglycerol synthase genes DGD1 and DGD2 in Arabidopsis reveals the existence of an additional enzyme of galactolipid synthesis. The Plant cell. 2003 Nov; 15(11):2694-706. doi: 10.1105/tpc.016675. [PMID: 14600212]
  • Yoshitaka Nishiyama, Hélène Hardré-Liénard, Stéphane Miras, Christine Miège, Maryse A Block, Frédéric Revah, Jacques Joyard, Eric Maréchal. Refolding from denatured inclusion bodies, purification to homogeneity and simplified assay of MGDG synthases from land plants. Protein expression and purification. 2003 Sep; 31(1):79-87. doi: 10.1016/s1046-5928(03)00158-x. [PMID: 12963344]
  • Uri Galili, Zhao-chun Chen, Koen DeGeest. Expression of alpha-gal epitopes on ovarian carcinoma membranes to be used as a novel autologous tumor vaccine. Gynecologic oncology. 2003 Jul; 90(1):100-8. doi: 10.1016/s0090-8258(03)00148-3. [PMID: 12821349]
  • Marie-Jose J Pouwels, Paul N Span, Cees J Tack, André J Olthaar, C G J Fred Sweep, Baziel G van Engelen, Jan G de Jong, Jos A Lutterman, Ad R Hermus. Muscle uridine diphosphate-hexosamines do not decrease despite correction of hyperglycemia-induced insulin resistance in type 2 diabetes. The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism. 2002 Nov; 87(11):5179-84. doi: 10.1210/jc.2002-020440. [PMID: 12414889]
  • Lorena Norambuena, Lorena Marchant, Patricia Berninsone, Carlos B Hirschberg, Herman Silva, Ariel Orellana. Transport of UDP-galactose in plants. Identification and functional characterization of AtUTr1, an Arabidopsis thaliana UDP-galactos/UDP-glucose transporter. The Journal of biological chemistry. 2002 Sep; 277(36):32923-9. doi: 10.1074/jbc.m204081200. [PMID: 12042319]
  • Mary E Edwards, Elaine Marshall, Michael J Gidley, J S Grant Reid. Transfer specificity of detergent-solubilized fenugreek galactomannan galactosyltransferase. Plant physiology. 2002 Jul; 129(3):1391-7. doi: 10.1104/pp.002592. [PMID: 12114592]
  • Amélie A Kelly, Peter Dörmann. DGD2, an arabidopsis gene encoding a UDP-galactose-dependent digalactosyldiacylglycerol synthase is expressed during growth under phosphate-limiting conditions. The Journal of biological chemistry. 2002 Jan; 277(2):1166-73. doi: 10.1074/jbc.m110066200. [PMID: 11696551]
  • T Bülter, T Schumacher, D J Namdjou, R Gutiérrez Gallego, H Clausen, L Elling. Chemoenzymatic synthesis of biotinylated nucleotide sugars as substrates for glycosyltransferases. Chembiochem : a European journal of chemical biology. 2001 Dec; 2(12):884-94. doi: 10.1002/1439-7633(20011203)2:12<884::aid-cbic884>3.0.co;2-2. [PMID: 11948877]
  • T S Raju, J B Briggs, S M Chamow, M E Winkler, A J Jones. Glycoengineering of therapeutic glycoproteins: in vitro galactosylation and sialylation of glycoproteins with terminal N-acetylglucosamine and galactose residues. Biochemistry. 2001 Jul; 40(30):8868-76. doi: 10.1021/bi010475i. [PMID: 11467948]
  • K Aoki, N Ishida, M Kawakita. Substrate recognition by UDP-galactose and CMP-sialic acid transporters. Different sets of transmembrane helices are utilized for the specific recognition of UDP-galactose and CMP-sialic acid. The Journal of biological chemistry. 2001 Jun; 276(24):21555-61. doi: 10.1074/jbc.m101462200. [PMID: 11279205]
  • P Berninsone, H Y Hwang, I Zemtseva, H R Horvitz, C B Hirschberg. SQV-7, a protein involved in Caenorhabditis elegans epithelial invagination and early embryogenesis, transports UDP-glucuronic acid, UDP-N- acetylgalactosamine, and UDP-galactose. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 2001 Mar; 98(7):3738-43. doi: 10.1073/pnas.061593098. [PMID: 11259660]
  • N Mizoguchi, H Ono, T Eguchi, N Sakura. Galactose metabolites in blood from neonates with and without hypergalactosaemia detected by mass screening. European journal of pediatrics. 2000 Nov; 159(11):851-3. doi: 10.1007/pl00008352. [PMID: 11079200]
  • R Lehmann, M Huber, A Beck, T Schindera, T Rinkler, B Houdali, C Weigert, H U Häring, W Voelter, E D Schleicher. Simultaneous, quantitative analysis of UDP-N-acetylglucosamine, UDP-N-acetylgalactosamine, UDP-glucose and UDP-galactose in human peripheral blood cells, muscle biopsies and cultured mesangial cells by capillary zone electrophoresis. Electrophoresis. 2000 Aug; 21(14):3010-5. doi: 10.1002/1522-2683(20000801)21:14<3010::aid-elps3010>3.0.co;2-c. [PMID: 11001317]
  • A Faik, D Desveaux, G MacLachlan. Sugar-nucleotide-binding and autoglycosylating polypeptide(s) from nasturtium fruit: biochemical capacities and potential functions. The Biochemical journal. 2000 May; 347 Pt 3(?):857-64. doi: 10.1042/bj3470857. [PMID: 10769192]
  • K A Brozek, J L Kadrmas, C R Raetz. Lipopolysaccharide biosynthesis in Rhizobium leguminosarum. Novel enzymes that process precursors containing 3-deoxy-D-manno-octulosonic acid. The Journal of biological chemistry. 1996 Dec; 271(50):32112-8. doi: . [PMID: 8943264]
  • R Chammas, J M McCaffery, A Klein, Y Ito, L Saucan, G Palade, M G Farquhar, A Varki. Uptake and incorporation of an epitope-tagged sialic acid donor into intact rat liver Golgi compartments. Functional localization of sialyltransferase overlaps with beta-galactosyltransferase but not with sialic acid O-acetyltransferase. Molecular biology of the cell. 1996 Nov; 7(11):1691-707. doi: 10.1091/mbc.7.11.1691. [PMID: 8930893]
  • J R Pear, Y Kawagoe, W E Schreckengost, D P Delmer, D M Stalker. Higher plants contain homologs of the bacterial celA genes encoding the catalytic subunit of cellulose synthase. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 1996 Oct; 93(22):12637-42. doi: 10.1073/pnas.93.22.12637. [PMID: 8901635]
  • J B Gibson, G T Berry, M J Palmieri, R A Reynolds, A T Mazur, S Segal. Sugar nucleotide concentrations in red blood cells of patients on protein- and lactose-limited diets: effect of galactose supplementation. The American journal of clinical nutrition. 1996 May; 63(5):704-8. doi: 10.1093/ajcn/63.5.704. [PMID: 8615352]
  • L Toma, M A Pinhal, C P Dietrich, H B Nader, C B Hirschberg. Transport of UDP-galactose into the Golgi lumen regulates the biosynthesis of proteoglycans. The Journal of biological chemistry. 1996 Feb; 271(7):3897-901. doi: 10.1074/jbc.271.7.3897. [PMID: 8632010]
  • N Schaeren-Wiemers, P van der Bijl, M E Schwab. The UDP-galactose:ceramide galactosyltransferase: expression pattern in oligodendrocytes and Schwann cells during myelination and substrate preference for hydroxyceramide. Journal of neurochemistry. 1995 Nov; 65(5):2267-78. doi: 10.1046/j.1471-4159.1995.65052267.x. [PMID: 7595516]
  • R A Cardullo, D E Wolf. Distribution and dynamics of mouse sperm surface galactosyltransferase: implications for mammalian fertilization. Biochemistry. 1995 Aug; 34(31):10027-35. doi: 10.1021/bi00031a026. [PMID: 7632675]
  • C E Pugh, A B Roy, T Hawkes, J L Harwood. A new pathway for the synthesis of the plant sulpholipid, sulphoquinovosyldiacylglycerol. The Biochemical journal. 1995 Jul; 309 ( Pt 2)(?):513-9. doi: 10.1042/bj3090513. [PMID: 7626014]
  • J B Gibson, G T Berry, A T Mazur, M J Palmieri, R A Reynolds, S Segal. Effect of glucose and galactose loading in normal subjects on red and white blood cell uridine diphosphate sugars. Biochemical and molecular medicine. 1995 Jun; 55(1):8-14. doi: 10.1006/bmme.1995.1025. [PMID: 7551832]
  • K M Huang, M D Snider. Isolation of protein glycosylation mutants in the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe. Molecular biology of the cell. 1995 May; 6(5):485-96. doi: 10.1091/mbc.6.5.485. [PMID: 7663020]
  • D C Alexander, M A Valvano. Role of the rfe gene in the biosynthesis of the Escherichia coli O7-specific lipopolysaccharide and other O-specific polysaccharides containing N-acetylglucosamine. Journal of bacteriology. 1994 Nov; 176(22):7079-84. doi: 10.1128/jb.176.22.7079-7084.1994. [PMID: 7525537]
  • C M Maillet, B D Shur. Perturbing cell surface beta-(1,4)-galactosyltransferase on F9 embryonal carcinoma cells arrests cell growth and induces laminin synthesis. Journal of cell science. 1994 Jun; 107 ( Pt 6)(?):1713-24. doi: 10.1242/jcs.107.6.1713. [PMID: 7962212]
  • L Elling, M Grothus, M R Kula. Investigation of sucrose synthase from rice for the synthesis of various nucleotide sugars and saccharides. Glycobiology. 1993 Aug; 3(4):349-55. doi: 10.1093/glycob/3.4.349. [PMID: 8400549]
  • S Schweitzer, Y Shin, C Jakobs, J Brodehl. Long-term outcome in 134 patients with galactosaemia. European journal of pediatrics. 1993 Jan; 152(1):36-43. doi: 10.1007/bf02072514. [PMID: 8444204]
  • J Hagmann, M Grob, M M Burger. The cytoskeletal protein talin is O-glycosylated. The Journal of biological chemistry. 1992 Jul; 267(20):14424-8. doi: 10.1016/s0021-9258(19)49729-9. [PMID: 1629228]
  • K R Purushotham, W A Dunn, C A Schneyer, M G Humphreys-Beher. A novel mechanism for isoprenaline-stimulated proliferation of rat parotid acinar cells involving the epidermal growth factor receptor and cell surface galactosyltransferase. The Biochemical journal. 1992 Jun; 284 ( Pt 3)(?):767-76. doi: 10.1042/bj2840767. [PMID: 1622394]
  • M E Milla, C A Clairmont, C B Hirschberg. Reconstitution into proteoliposomes and partial purification of the Golgi apparatus membrane UDP-galactose, UDP-xylose, and UDP-glucuronic acid transport activities. The Journal of biological chemistry. 1992 Jan; 267(1):103-7. doi: . [PMID: 1730575]
  • M B Macek, L C Lopez, B D Shur. Aggregation of beta-1,4-galactosyltransferase on mouse sperm induces the acrosome reaction. Developmental biology. 1991 Oct; 147(2):440-4. doi: 10.1016/0012-1606(91)90301-i. [PMID: 1916017]
  • O Koul, M Prada-Maluf, R H McCluer. UDP-galactose:globoside galactosyltransferase in murine kidney. Journal of lipid research. 1990 Dec; 31(12):2227-34. doi: 10.1016/s0022-2275(20)42110-8. [PMID: 2128636]
  • G Tarantino, L Morelli, C Califano. [Uridine diphosphate glucose (UDPG) in the treatment of hepatic disease from chronic alcohol abuse]. Rivista europea per le scienze mediche e farmacologiche = European review for medical and pharmacological sciences = Revue europeenne pour les sciences medicales et pharmacologiques. 1990 Apr; 12(2):109-17. doi: NULL. [PMID: 2080308]
  • A Takeya, O Hosomi, M Ishiura. Complete purification and characterization of alpha-3-N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase encoded by the human blood group A gene. Journal of biochemistry. 1990 Mar; 107(3):360-8. doi: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.jbchem.a123051. [PMID: 2341371]
  • W Straus, J M Keller. Competition between ligands of glycosyltransferases and horseradish peroxidase for binding sites on intracellular and plasma membranes of HeLa cells. Application of a micro-method for the semi-quantitation of surface-bound HRP. Histochemistry. 1990; 94(5):509-16. doi: 10.1007/bf00272615. [PMID: 2283314]
  • A Fernandez-Briera, P Louisot, R Morelis. Enzymatic characterization of UDP-galactose:FdSdG galactosyltransferase in purified liver plasma membrane. Biochemistry international. 1989 Feb; 18(2):415-28. doi: NULL. [PMID: 2504163]
  • T H Chiu. Biosyntheses of galactosyl lipids and polysaccharide in Streptococcus mutans. Biochimica et biophysica acta. 1988 Nov; 963(2):359-66. doi: 10.1016/0005-2760(88)90302-5. [PMID: 3196739]
  • A W Brändli, G C Hansson, E Rodriguez-Boulan, K Simons. A polarized epithelial cell mutant deficient in translocation of UDP-galactose into the Golgi complex. The Journal of biological chemistry. 1988 Nov; 263(31):16283-90. doi: . [PMID: 3141404]
  • F Gasnier, P Louisot, O Gateau. Galactosyltransferase activities in mitochondrial outer membrane: biosynthesis of dolichylmonophosphate-galactose. Biochimica et biophysica acta. 1988 Jul; 961(2):242-52. doi: 10.1016/0005-2760(88)90119-1. [PMID: 3134050]
  • P Bailly, F Piller, J P Cartron, Y Leroy, B Fournet. Identification of UDP-galactose: lactose (lactosylceramide) alpha-4 and beta-3 galactosyltransferases in human kidney. Biochemical and biophysical research communications. 1986 Nov; 141(1):84-91. doi: 10.1016/s0006-291x(86)80338-2. [PMID: 3099784]
  • R Cecchelli, R Cacan, A Verbert. Mechanism of UDP-sugar transport into intracellular vesicles. Occurrence of UDP-GlcNAc/UDP and UDP-Gal/UDP antiports. FEBS letters. 1986 Nov; 208(2):407-12. doi: 10.1016/0014-5793(86)81058-4. [PMID: 3780976]
  • D M Kingsley, K F Kozarsky, L Hobbie, M Krieger. Reversible defects in O-linked glycosylation and LDL receptor expression in a UDP-Gal/UDP-GalNAc 4-epimerase deficient mutant. Cell. 1986 Mar; 44(5):749-59. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(86)90841-x. [PMID: 3948246]
  • R B Runyan, G D Maxwell, B D Shur. Evidence for a novel enzymatic mechanism of neural crest cell migration on extracellular glycoconjugate matrices. The Journal of cell biology. 1986 Feb; 102(2):432-41. doi: 10.1083/jcb.102.2.432. [PMID: 3080436]
  • L C Lopez, E M Bayna, D Litoff, N L Shaper, J H Shaper, B D Shur. Receptor function of mouse sperm surface galactosyltransferase during fertilization. The Journal of cell biology. 1985 Oct; 101(4):1501-10. doi: 10.1083/jcb.101.4.1501. [PMID: 2995408]
  • K F Kleppinger-Sparace, J B Mudd, D G Bishop. Biosynthesis of sulfoquinovosyldiacylglycerol in higher plants: the incorporation of 35SO4 by intact chloroplasts. Archives of biochemistry and biophysics. 1985 Aug; 240(2):859-65. doi: 10.1016/0003-9861(85)90096-7. [PMID: 4026309]
  • P Gauduchon, J J Baumann, E Bar, J Y Le Talaër. [Determination of human serum galactosyltransferase using a kinetic spectrophotometric technic]. Comptes rendus de l'Academie des sciences. Serie III, Sciences de la vie. 1985; 300(13):475-8. doi: NULL. [PMID: 3924359]
  • A J Henderson, A Faulkner. The effects of vincristine on milk secretion and milk composition in the goat. Quarterly journal of experimental physiology (Cambridge, England). 1985 Jan; 70(1):15-22. doi: 10.1113/expphysiol.1985.sp002886. [PMID: 4040258]
  • R Cacan, R Cecchelli, B Hoflack, A Verbert. Intralumenal pool and transport of CMP-N-acetylneuraminic acid, GDP-fucose and UDP-galactose. Study with plasma-membrane-permeabilized mouse thymocytes. The Biochemical journal. 1984 Nov; 224(1):277-84. doi: 10.1042/bj2240277. [PMID: 6508764]
  • C Schiessel, C Forsthove, D Keppler. 45Calcium uptake during the transition from reversible to irreversible liver injury induced by D-galactosamine in vivo. Hepatology (Baltimore, Md.). 1984 Sep; 4(5):855-61. doi: 10.1002/hep.1840040510. [PMID: 6207090]
  • O Hosomi, A Takeya, T Kogure. Human serum contains N-acetyllactosamine: beta 1-3 N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase activity. Journal of biochemistry. 1984 Jun; 95(6):1655-9. doi: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.jbchem.a134778. [PMID: 6236210]
  • W D Klohs, J R Wilson, M M Weiser, O Frankfurt, R J Bernacki. Galactosyltransferase activity and cell growth: uridine diphosphate (UDP)galactose inhibition of murine leukemic L1210 cells. Journal of cellular physiology. 1984 Apr; 119(1):23-8. doi: 10.1002/jcp.1041190105. [PMID: 6423650]
  • C R Torres, G W Hart. Topography and polypeptide distribution of terminal N-acetylglucosamine residues on the surfaces of intact lymphocytes. Evidence for O-linked GlcNAc. The Journal of biological chemistry. 1984 Mar; 259(5):3308-17. doi: 10.1016/s0021-9258(17)43295-9. [PMID: 6421821]
  • M J Spiro. Effect of diabetes on the sugar nucleotides in several tissues of the rat. Diabetologia. 1984 Jan; 26(1):70-5. doi: 10.1007/bf00252267. [PMID: 6706047]
  • V P Walter, K Sweeney, D J Morré. Neutral lipid precursors for gangliosides are not formed by rat liver homogenates or by purified cell fractions. Biochimica et biophysica acta. 1983 Feb; 750(2):346-52. doi: 10.1016/0005-2760(83)90039-5. [PMID: 6860688]
  • A N Grechkin. [Direction of fatty acid and glycerolipid biosynthesis in isolated chloroplasts from developing pea leaves]. Biokhimiia (Moscow, Russia). 1983; 48(2):259-62. doi: ". [PMID: 6838924]
  • S A Kincaid, D C Van Sickle. Effects of exercise on the histochemical changes of articular chondrocytes in adult dogs. American journal of veterinary research. 1982 Jul; 43(7):1218-26. doi: . [PMID: 6808869]
  • M E Tolmasky, R J Staneloni, L F Leloir. Lipid-bound saccharides in Rhizobium meliloti. The Journal of biological chemistry. 1982 Jun; 257(12):6751-7. doi: 10.1016/s0021-9258(18)34494-6. [PMID: 7085601]
  • P Cortes, F Dumler, K S Sastry, C P Verghese, N W Levin. Effects of early diabetes on uridine diphosphosugar synthesis in the rat renal cortex. Kidney international. 1982 May; 21(5):676-82. doi: 10.1038/ki.1982.80. [PMID: 7109458]
  • K Flanagan, W H Scouten, S E Nyquist. Involvement of dolichol phosphates as intermediates in the mannosyl and galactosyl transferases of rat testicular germ cell Golgi apparatus membranes. Biology of reproduction. 1982 Feb; 26(1):147-54. doi: 10.1095/biolreprod26.1.147. [PMID: 6175352]
  • L Ielpi, R Couso, M Dankert. Lipid-linked intermediates in the biosynthesis of xanthan gum. FEBS letters. 1981 Aug; 130(2):253-6. doi: 10.1016/0014-5793(81)81132-5. [PMID: 6169554]
  • M Rudick, V Rudick, S Magie, E Jacobson. Glycoprotein synthesis in lysolecithin-treated cells using sugar nucleotides as glycosyl donors. In vitro. 1981 Feb; 17(2):173-7. doi: 10.1007/bf02618076. [PMID: 6168561]
  • A Van Besouw, J F Wintermans, G Bögemann. Galactolipid formation in chloroplast envelopes. III. Some observations on galactose incorporation by envelopes with high and low content of diacylglycerol. Biochimica et biophysica acta. 1981 Jan; 663(1):108-20. doi: 10.1016/0005-2760(81)90198-3. [PMID: 7011408]
  • A V Jones, J L Harwood. Desaturation of linoleic acid from exogenous lipids by isolated chloroplasts. The Biochemical journal. 1980 Sep; 190(3):851-4. doi: 10.1042/bj1900851. [PMID: 7470086]
  • K E Creek, D J Morré. Effects of retinol and retinol palmitate on glycolipid and glycoprotein galactosyltransferase activities of rat liver plasma membranes. Biochemical and biophysical research communications. 1980 Aug; 95(4):1775-80. doi: 10.1016/s0006-291x(80)80104-5. [PMID: 6774733]
  • G N Andersson, L C Eriksson. Studies on the latency of UDP-galactose-asialo-mucin galactosyltransferase activity in microsomal and Golgi subfractions from rat liver. Biochimica et biophysica acta. 1980 Aug; 600(2):571-6. doi: 10.1016/0005-2736(80)90457-5. [PMID: 6773572]
  • C H Bauer, R Büchsel, H P Morris, W G Reutter. Alterations of D-galactose metabolism in Morris hepatomas. Cancer research. 1980 Jun; 40(6):2026-32. doi: . [PMID: 6768457]